ἄριστος -η, -ον [superl. fr. ἀρ-, ἀρετή. Cf. ἀρείων.] Crasis with ὁ gives ὤριστος Il. 11.288, Il. 13.154, 433, Il. 16.521, Il. 17.689, Il. 19.413, Il. 23.536, Il. 24.384: Od. 17.416. 1 The most warlike or soldierly Il. 2.577, 817, Il. 6.188, Il. 8.229: Od. 4.530, Od. 11.500. Absol. Od. 24.507. 2 The best, the best fitted to take the lead in war or peace, pre-eminent: ἀ. Ἀχαιῶν Il. 1.91. Cf. Il. 2.768, Il. 5.541, Il. 7.50, Il. 11.328 (in their local community), Il. 18.230, Il. 24.255, etc.: Od. 2.51, Od. 3.108, Od. 4.629 = Od. 21.187, Od. 6.257, Od. 15.521, Od. 16.251, Od. 22.29, 244, Od. 23.121, Od. 24.38, 108. Absol. (in pl., pre-eminent or leading men, chiefs): ἄριστον Ἀχαιῶν Il. 1.244, πάντας ἀρίστους Il. 3.19. Cf. Il. 3.250, Il. 4.260, Il. 5.103, Il. 13.836, etc.: Od. 1.211, 245 = Od. 16.122 = Od. 19.130, Od. 4.272, 278, Od. 8.78, 91, 108, 127, 512, Od. 11.524, Od. 17.416, Od. 24.429. 3 The strongest or most powerful: κάρτεΐ τε σθένεΐ τε ἀ. Il. 15.108. Cf. Il. 12.447, Il. 23.891: Od. 3.370. 4 The highest in rank, dignity or power. Absol.: θεῶν ὤριστος Il. 13.154. Cf. Il. 14.213, Il. 18.364, Il. 19.258, 413, Il. 20.122, Il. 23.43: Od. 13.142, Od. 19.303. 5 In reference to mental powers, excelling all Il. 19.95. Excelling in person or accomplishments: κούρας Il. 9.638. In reference to one's person, best, excelling: εἶδος ἀρίστη (in . . .) Il. 2.715. Cf. Il. 3.39 = Il. 13.769, Il. 3.124, Il. 6.252, Il. 13.365, 378, Il. 17.142: Od. 7.57, Od. 8.116, Od. 11.469 = Od. 24.17. 6 Likely to prove the most suitable husband, the best match Od. 11.179, Od. 16.76, Od. 18.289, Od. 20.335, etc. 7 The most suitable for some purpose: φῶτας Od. 4.778, χῶρος Od. 5.442, Od. 7.281. Cf. Od. 4.409, Od. 8.36, Od. 9.195, Od. 15.25. Absol. Od. 4.666. 8 The most skilful, versed or efficient: τέκτονες Il. 6.314, βουλῇ (in . . . .) Il. 9.54. Cf. Il. 9.575, Il. 13.313, Il. 22.254, Il. 23.357, 536, 659 = 802, Il. 23.669: νηυσίν (in the management of . . .) Od. 8.247. Cf. Od. 4.211, Od. 8.250, 383, Od. 13.297, Od. 15.253, Od. 16.419. Absol. Il. 1.69, Il. 6.76, Il. 7.221, Il. 23.483, Il. 24.261. With complementary infin.: μάχεσθαί τε φρονέειν τε Il. 6.78. Cf. Od. 7.327, Od. 8.123. 9 Of things or abstractions, the best of their kind, the most excellent, useful or helpful: βουλή Il. 2.5 = Il. 10.17 = Il. 14.161, Il. 7.325 = Il. 9.94. Cf. Il. 2.274, Il. 9.74, Il. 12.243, 344 = 357, Il. 14.371, Il. 15.616, Il. 17.634, 712: νηῦς Od. 1.280, Od. 2.294, Od. 16.348. Cf. Od. 7.327, Od. 8.424, Od. 9.318 = 424 = Od. 11.230, Od. 23.124, Od. 24.52. 10 Of animals, the best, the finest, swiftest, etc. Il. 2.763, Il. 10.306, Il. 17.62: Od. 10.522 = Od. 11.30, Od. 14.106, Od. 18.371, Od. 20.163, Od. 24.215. Absol. Il. 5.266: Od. 9.432, Od. 12.343, 353, 398, Od. 14.19, 108, 414. 11 In neut. ἄριστον as adv., best, the best: δοκέει μοι εἶναι ἀ. Od. 5.360. So in neut. pl. ἄριστα: ὥς μοι δοκεῖ εἶναι ἀ. Il. 9.103 = 314 = Il. 13.735, Il. 12.215: Od. 23.130. Cf. Od. 13.154. 12 In neut. pl., the best results or consequences: ὅπως ἀ. γένηται Il. 3.110. Cf. Od. 3.129, Od. 9.420, Od. 13.365, Od. 23.117. The most seemly or decent things Il. 6.56.
ἵππος -ου, ὁ, ἡ. 1 A horse or mare: εὖ τις ἵπποισιν δεῖπνον δότω Il. 2.383, παρήϊον ἔμμεναι ἵππων (for a horse) Il. 4.142, παρʼ ἵππων ὠκειάων 500 (app. from a stud-farm where brood mares were kept). Cf. Il. 1.154, Il. 2.763, Il. 5.195, Il. 6.506, etc.: Od. 3.324, Od. 4.8, 635, Od. 5.371, Od. 13.81, etc. Of the Trojan horse Od. 4.272, Od. 8.492, 503, 512, Od. 11.523. Fig.: νηῶν, αἵ θʼ ἁλὸς ἵπποι ἀνδράσι γίγνονται Od. 4.708. 2 In dual and pl., the horses and their chariot forming one conception, horses and chariot: κοσμῆσαι ἵππους Il. 2.554, ἠέρι ἔγχος ἐκέκλιτο καὶ ἵππω Il. 5.356. Cf. Il. 3.113, Il. 7.240, 342 (v. l. ἵππον see 4), Il. 9.708, Il. 11.339, Il. 12.111, Il. 18.153, Il. 20.157, etc.: Od. 14.267=Od. 17.436, Od. 14.278. 3 Hence, in dual and pl., the horses neglected, passes into the sense chariot simply: ἐξ ἵππων ἀποβάντες Il. 3.265, ἑσταὁτʼ ἔν θʼ ἵπποισι καὶ ἅρμασιν (hendiadys) Il. 4.366=Il. 11.198, ἐθʼ ἵπποιιν ἀνόρουσεν Il. 19.396. Cf. Il. 5.13, 19, 46, 111, 163, 227, 249, 255, 328, Il. 6.232, Il. 7.16, Il. 11.94, 192, Il. 12.82, Il. 14.435, Il. 16.749, etc.: Od. 9.49. In this sense even with adjectives properly applicable only to the horses: ἵππων ὠκυπόδων ἐπέβησεν Il. 8.128, ἐπὶ καλλίτριχε βήμεναι ἵππω Il. 17.504. Cf. Il. 7.15, Il. 18.531: Od. 18.263. 4 Chariots and horses collectively, the horse force of an army: τάφρον, ἥ χʼ ἵππον ἐρυκάκοι Il. 7.342 (v.l. ἵππους; see 2).