Scaife ATLAS

On Fractures (41-44)

urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0627.tlg009.perseus-eng2:41-44

Refs	`{'start': {'reference': '41', 'human_reference': 'Section 41'}, 'end': {'reference': '44', 'human_reference': 'Section 44'}}`
Ancestors	`[]`
Children	`[]`

plain text • XML

But if the articular extremity of the humerus be carried to either side above the bone of the fore-arm, which is prominent, into the hollow of the arm (?), this rarely happens; but if it does happen, extension in the straight line is not so proper under such circumstances; for in such a mode of extension, the process of the ulna (olecranon?) prevents the bone of the arm (humerus?) from passing over it. In dislocations of this kind, extension should be made in the manner described when treating of the bandaging of fractured bones of the arm, extension being made upward at the armpit, while the parts at the elbow are pushed downward, for in this manner can the humerus be most readily raised above its cavity; and when so raised, the reduction is easy with the palms of the hand, the one being applied so as to make pressure on the protuberant part of the arm, and the other making counter-pressure, so as to push the bone of the fore-arm into the joint. This method answers with both cases. And perhaps this is the most suitable mode of reduction in such a case of dislocation. The parts may be reduced by extension in a straight line, but less readily than thus.

If the arm be dislocated forward—this rarely happens, indeed, but what would a sudden shock not displace? for many other things are removed from their proper place, notwithstanding

p.206

a great obstacle,—in such a violent displacement the part (olecranon?) which passes above the prominent part of the bones is large, and the stretching of the nerves (ligaments?) is intense; and yet the parts have been so dislocated in certain cases. The following is the symptom of such a displacement: the arm cannot be bent in the least degree at the elbow, and upon feeling the joint the nature of the accident becomes obvious. If, then, it is not speedily reduced, strong and violent inflammation, attended with fever, will come on, but if one happen to be on the spot at the time it is easily reduced. A piece of hard linen cloth (or a piece of hard linen, not very large, rolled up in a ball, will be sufficient) is to be placed across the bend of the elbow, and the arm is then to be suddenly bent at the elbow, and the hand brought up to the shoulder. This mode of reduction is sufficient in such displacements; and extension in the straight line can rectify this manner of dislocation, but we must use at the same time the palms of the hands, applying the one to the projecting part of the humerus at the bend of the arm for the purpose of pushing it back, and applying the other below to the sharp extremity of the elbow, to make counter-pressure, and incline the parts into the straight line. And one may use with advantage in this form of dislocation the method of extension formerly described, for the application of the bandages in the case of fracture of the arm; but when extension is made, the parts are to be adjusted, as has been also described above.

But if the arm be dislocated backward (but this very rarely happens, and it is the most painful of all, and the most subject to bilious fevers of the continual type, which prove fatal in the course of a few days), in such a case the patient cannot extend the arm. If you are quickly present, by forcible extension the parts may return to their place of their own accord; but if fever have previously come on, you must no longer attempt reduction, for the pain will be rendered more intense by any such violent attempt. In a word, no joint whatever should be reduced during the prevalence of fever, and least of all the elbow-joint.

There are also other troublesome injuries connected with

p.207

the elbow-joint; for example, the thicker bone (radius?) is sometime partially displaced from the other, and the patient can neither perform extension nor flexion properly. This accident becomes obvious upon examination with the hand at the bend of the arm near the division of the vein that runs up the muscle. In such a case it is not easy to reduce the parts to their natural state, nor is it easy, in the separation of any two bones united by symphysis, to restore them to their natural state, for there will necessarily be a swelling at the seat of the diastasis. The method of bandaging a joint has been already described in treating of the application of bandages to the ankle.

Tokens

But	1	w	3
if	1	w	5
the	1	w	8
articular	1	w	17
extremity	1	w	26
of	1	w	28
the	2	w	31
humerus	1	w	38
be	1	w	40
carried	1	w	47
to	1	w	49
either	1	w	55
side	1	w	59
above	1	w	64
the	4	w	67
bone	1	w	71
of	2	w	73
the	5	w	76
fore-arm	1	w	84
which	1	w	90
is	1	w	92
prominent	1	w	101
into	1	w	106
the	6	w	109
hollow	1	w	115
of	3	w	117
the	7	w	120
arm	2	w	123
this	1	w	131
rarely	1	w	137
happens	1	w	144
but	1	w	148
if	2	w	150
it	3	w	152
does	1	w	156
happen	2	w	162
extension	1	w	172
in	3	w	174
the	8	w	177
straight	1	w	185
line	1	w	189
is	3	w	191
not	1	w	194
so	1	w	196
proper	1	w	202
under	1	w	207
such	1	w	211
circumstances	1	w	224
for	2	w	228
in	5	w	230
such	2	w	234
a	12	w	235
mode	1	w	239
of	4	w	241
extension	2	w	250
the	9	w	254
process	1	w	261
of	5	w	263
the	10	w	266
ulna	1	w	270
olecranon	1	w	280
prevents	1	w	290
the	11	w	293
bone	2	w	297
of	6	w	299
the	12	w	302
arm	3	w	305
humerus	2	w	313
from	1	w	319
passing	1	w	326
over	1	w	330
it	4	w	332
In	1	w	335
dislocations	1	w	347
of	7	w	349
this	2	w	353
kind	1	w	357
extension	3	w	367
should	1	w	373
be	2	w	375
made	1	w	379
in	8	w	381
the	13	w	384
manner	1	w	390
described	1	w	399
when	1	w	403
treating	1	w	411
of	8	w	413
the	14	w	416
bandaging	1	w	425
of	9	w	427
fractured	1	w	436
bones	1	w	441
of	10	w	443
the	15	w	446
arm	4	w	449
extension	4	w	459
being	1	w	464
made	2	w	468
upward	1	w	474
at	3	w	476
the	16	w	479
armpit	1	w	485
while	1	w	491
the	17	w	494
parts	1	w	499
at	4	w	501
the	18	w	504
elbow	1	w	509
are	2	w	512
pushed	1	w	518
downward	1	w	526
for	3	w	530
in	12	w	532
this	3	w	536
manner	2	w	542
can	1	w	545
the	19	w	548
humerus	3	w	555
be	5	w	557
most	1	w	561
readily	1	w	568
raised	1	w	574
above	2	w	579
its	1	w	582
cavity	1	w	588
and	2	w	592
when	2	w	596
so	2	w	598
raised	2	w	604
the	20	w	608
reduction	1	w	617
is	9	w	619
easy	1	w	623
with	1	w	627
the	21	w	630
palms	1	w	635
of	11	w	637
the	22	w	640
hand	1	w	644
the	23	w	648
one	4	w	651
being	2	w	656
applied	1	w	663
so	3	w	665
as	3	w	667
to	3	w	669
make	1	w	673
pressure	1	w	681
on	12	w	683
the	24	w	686
protuberant	1	w	697
part	2	w	701
of	12	w	703
the	25	w	706
arm	6	w	709
and	4	w	713
the	26	w	716
other	1	w	721
making	1	w	727
counter-pressure	1	w	743
so	4	w	746
as	4	w	748
to	4	w	750
push	2	w	754
the	28	w	757
bone	4	w	761
of	13	w	763
the	29	w	766
fore-arm	2	w	774
into	2	w	778
the	30	w	781
joint	1	w	786
This	1	w	791
method	1	w	797
answers	1	w	804
with	2	w	808
both	1	w	812
cases	1	w	817
And	1	w	821
perhaps	1	w	828
this	4	w	832
is	12	w	834
the	31	w	837
most	2	w	841
suitable	1	w	849
mode	2	w	853
of	14	w	855
reduction	2	w	864
in	17	w	866
such	3	w	870
a	58	w	871
case	2	w	875
of	15	w	877
dislocation	2	w	888
The	1	w	892
parts	2	w	897
may	1	w	900
be	8	w	902
reduced	1	w	909
by	1	w	911
extension	5	w	920
in	18	w	922
a	63	w	923
straight	2	w	931
line	2	w	935
but	2	w	939
less	1	w	943
readily	2	w	950
than	1	w	954
thus	1	w	958
If	1	w	961
the	32	w	964
arm	8	w	967
be	9	w	969
dislocated	1	w	979
forward	1	w	986
this	5	w	991
rarely	2	w	997
happens	2	w	1004
indeed	1	w	1011
but	3	w	1015
what	1	w	1019
would	1	w	1024
a	73	w	1025
sudden	1	w	1031
shock	1	w	1036
not	2	w	1039
displace	1	w	1047
for	6	w	1051
many	1	w	1055
other	2	w	1060
things	1	w	1066
are	4	w	1069
removed	1	w	1076
from	2	w	1080
their	1	w	1085
proper	2	w	1091
place	2	w	1096
notwithstanding	1	w	1112
a	79	w	1113
great	1	w	1118
obstacle	1	w	1126
in	23	w	1130
such	4	w	1134
a	82	w	1135
violent	1	w	1142
displacement	1	w	1154
the	35	w	1157
part	4	w	1161
olecranon	2	w	1171
which	2	w	1178
passes	1	w	1184
above	3	w	1189
the	36	w	1192
prominent	2	w	1201
part	5	w	1205
of	16	w	1207
the	37	w	1210
bones	2	w	1215
is	18	w	1217
large	1	w	1222
and	6	w	1226
the	38	w	1229
stretching	1	w	1239
of	17	w	1241
the	39	w	1244
nerves	1	w	1250
ligaments	1	w	1260
is	19	w	1264
intense	1	w	1271
and	7	w	1275
yet	1	w	1278
the	40	w	1281
parts	3	w	1286
have	1	w	1290
been	1	w	1294
so	5	w	1296
dislocated	2	w	1306
in	27	w	1308
certain	1	w	1315
cases	2	w	1320
The	2	w	1324
following	1	w	1333
is	21	w	1335
the	41	w	1338
symptom	1	w	1345
of	18	w	1347
such	5	w	1351
a	98	w	1352
displacement	2	w	1364
the	42	w	1368
arm	9	w	1371
cannot	1	w	1377
be	11	w	1379
bent	1	w	1383
in	30	w	1385
the	43	w	1388
least	1	w	1393
degree	1	w	1399
at	10	w	1401
the	44	w	1404
elbow	2	w	1409
and	8	w	1413
upon	1	w	1417
feeling	1	w	1424
the	45	w	1427
joint	2	w	1432
the	46	w	1435
nature	1	w	1441
of	19	w	1443
the	47	w	1446
accident	1	w	1454
becomes	1	w	1461
obvious	1	w	1468
If	2	w	1471
then	1	w	1476
it	12	w	1479
is	23	w	1481
not	5	w	1484
speedily	1	w	1492
reduced	2	w	1499
strong	1	w	1506
and	9	w	1509
violent	2	w	1516
inflammation	1	w	1528
attended	1	w	1537
with	4	w	1541
fever	1	w	1546
will	1	w	1551
come	2	w	1555
on	22	w	1557
but	4	w	1561
if	3	w	1563
one	7	w	1566
happen	4	w	1572
to	7	w	1574
be	14	w	1576
on	24	w	1578
the	49	w	1581
spot	1	w	1585
at	14	w	1587
the	50	w	1590
time	1	w	1594
it	14	w	1596
is	24	w	1598
easily	1	w	1604
reduced	3	w	1611
A	2	w	1613
piece	1	w	1618
of	20	w	1620
hard	1	w	1624
linen	1	w	1629
cloth	1	w	1634
or	7	w	1637
a	115	w	1638
piece	2	w	1643
of	21	w	1645
hard	2	w	1649
linen	2	w	1654
not	6	w	1658
very	1	w	1662
large	2	w	1667
rolled	1	w	1674
up	3	w	1676
in	36	w	1678
a	118	w	1679
ball	1	w	1683
will	2	w	1688
be	15	w	1690
sufficient	1	w	1700
is	25	w	1703
to	8	w	1705
be	16	w	1707
placed	1	w	1713
across	1	w	1719
the	51	w	1722
bend	1	w	1726
of	22	w	1728
the	52	w	1731
elbow	3	w	1736
and	10	w	1740
the	53	w	1743
arm	10	w	1746
is	26	w	1748
then	2	w	1752
to	9	w	1754
be	18	w	1756
suddenly	1	w	1764
bent	2	w	1768
at	15	w	1770
the	55	w	1773
elbow	4	w	1778
and	11	w	1782
the	56	w	1785
hand	2	w	1789
brought	1	w	1796
up	4	w	1798
to	10	w	1800
the	57	w	1803
shoulder	1	w	1811
This	2	w	1816
mode	3	w	1820
of	23	w	1822
reduction	3	w	1831
is	28	w	1833
sufficient	2	w	1843
in	37	w	1845
such	6	w	1849
displacements	1	w	1862
and	13	w	1866
extension	6	w	1875
in	38	w	1877
the	58	w	1880
straight	3	w	1888
line	5	w	1892
can	3	w	1895
rectify	1	w	1902
this	6	w	1906
manner	3	w	1912
of	24	w	1914
dislocation	3	w	1925
but	5	w	1929
we	2	w	1931
must	1	w	1935
use	1	w	1938
at	17	w	1940
the	59	w	1943
same	1	w	1947
time	2	w	1951
the	60	w	1954
palms	2	w	1959
of	25	w	1961
the	61	w	1964
hands	1	w	1969
applying	1	w	1978
the	62	w	1981
one	8	w	1984
to	11	w	1986
the	63	w	1989
projecting	1	w	1999
part	7	w	2003
of	26	w	2005
the	64	w	2008
humerus	4	w	2015
at	18	w	2017
the	65	w	2020
bend	2	w	2024
of	27	w	2026
the	66	w	2029
arm	11	w	2032
for	7	w	2035
the	67	w	2038
purpose	1	w	2045
of	28	w	2047
pushing	1	w	2054
it	15	w	2056
back	1	w	2060
and	15	w	2064
applying	2	w	2072
the	68	w	2075
other	3	w	2080
below	1	w	2085
to	12	w	2087
the	70	w	2090
sharp	1	w	2095
extremity	2	w	2104
of	29	w	2106
the	71	w	2109
elbow	5	w	2114
to	13	w	2117
make	2	w	2121
counter-pressure	2	w	2137
and	16	w	2141
incline	1	w	2148
the	72	w	2151
parts	4	w	2156
into	3	w	2160
the	73	w	2163
straight	4	w	2171
line	7	w	2175
And	2	w	2179
one	9	w	2182
may	2	w	2185
use	2	w	2188
with	5	w	2192
advantage	1	w	2201
in	48	w	2203
this	7	w	2207
form	1	w	2211
of	30	w	2213
dislocation	4	w	2224
the	74	w	2227
method	2	w	2233
of	31	w	2235
extension	7	w	2244
formerly	1	w	2252
described	2	w	2261
for	10	w	2265
the	75	w	2268
application	1	w	2279
of	32	w	2281
the	76	w	2284
bandages	1	w	2292
in	49	w	2294
the	77	w	2297
case	4	w	2301
of	33	w	2303
fracture	2	w	2311
of	34	w	2313
the	78	w	2316
arm	12	w	2319
but	6	w	2323
when	3	w	2327
extension	8	w	2336
is	34	w	2338
made	3	w	2342
the	79	w	2346
parts	5	w	2351
are	5	w	2354
to	15	w	2356
be	23	w	2358
adjusted	1	w	2366
as	12	w	2369
has	1	w	2372
been	2	w	2376
also	1	w	2380
described	3	w	2389
above	4	w	2394
But	2	w	2398
if	5	w	2400
the	80	w	2403
arm	13	w	2406
be	26	w	2408
dislocated	3	w	2418
backward	1	w	2426
but	7	w	2430
this	8	w	2434
very	2	w	2438
rarely	3	w	2444
happens	3	w	2451
and	18	w	2455
it	18	w	2457
is	37	w	2459
the	81	w	2462
most	3	w	2466
painful	1	w	2473
of	35	w	2475
all	2	w	2478
and	19	w	2482
the	82	w	2485
most	4	w	2489
subject	1	w	2496
to	16	w	2498
bilious	1	w	2505
fevers	1	w	2511
of	36	w	2513
the	83	w	2516
continual	1	w	2525
type	1	w	2529
which	3	w	2535
prove	1	w	2540
fatal	1	w	2545
in	52	w	2547
the	84	w	2550
course	1	w	2556
of	37	w	2558
a	182	w	2559
few	1	w	2562
days	1	w	2566
in	53	w	2570
such	7	w	2574
a	184	w	2575
case	5	w	2579
the	85	w	2582
patient	1	w	2589
cannot	2	w	2595
extend	1	w	2601
the	86	w	2604
arm	14	w	2607
If	3	w	2610
you	1	w	2613
are	7	w	2616
quickly	1	w	2623
present	1	w	2630
by	2	w	2633
forcible	1	w	2641
extension	9	w	2650
the	87	w	2653
parts	6	w	2658
may	3	w	2661
return	1	w	2667
to	17	w	2669
their	2	w	2674
place	7	w	2679
of	38	w	2681
their	3	w	2686
own	2	w	2689
accord	1	w	2695
but	8	w	2699
if	6	w	2701
fever	3	w	2706
have	2	w	2710
previously	1	w	2720
come	3	w	2724
on	36	w	2726
you	2	w	2730
must	2	w	2734
no	10	w	2736
longer	1	w	2742
attempt	1	w	2749
reduction	4	w	2758
for	12	w	2762
the	90	w	2765
pain	2	w	2769
will	3	w	2773
be	27	w	2775
rendered	1	w	2783
more	1	w	2787
intense	2	w	2794
by	3	w	2796
any	2	w	2799
such	8	w	2803
violent	3	w	2810
attempt	2	w	2817
In	2	w	2820
a	199	w	2821
word	1	w	2825
no	11	w	2828
joint	3	w	2833
whatever	1	w	2841
should	3	w	2847
be	28	w	2849
reduced	4	w	2856
during	1	w	2862
the	91	w	2865
prevalence	1	w	2875
of	39	w	2877
fever	4	w	2882
and	20	w	2886
least	2	w	2891
of	40	w	2893
all	3	w	2896
the	92	w	2899
elbow-joint	1	w	2910
There	1	w	2916
are	8	w	2919
also	2	w	2923
other	4	w	2928
troublesome	1	w	2939
injuries	1	w	2947
connected	1	w	2956
with	6	w	2960
the	94	w	2963
elbow-joint	2	w	2974
for	13	w	2978
example	1	w	2985
the	95	w	2989
thicker	1	w	2996
bone	6	w	3000
radius	1	w	3007
is	38	w	3011
sometime	1	w	3019
partially	1	w	3028
displaced	1	w	3037
from	3	w	3041
the	96	w	3044
other	5	w	3049
and	21	w	3053
the	98	w	3056
patient	2	w	3063
can	5	w	3066
neither	1	w	3073
perform	1	w	3080
extension	10	w	3089
nor	1	w	3092
flexion	1	w	3099
properly	1	w	3107
This	3	w	3112
accident	2	w	3120
becomes	2	w	3127
obvious	2	w	3134
upon	2	w	3138
examination	1	w	3149
with	7	w	3153
the	100	w	3156
hand	4	w	3160
at	29	w	3162
the	101	w	3165
bend	3	w	3169
of	41	w	3171
the	102	w	3174
arm	15	w	3177
near	1	w	3181
the	103	w	3184
division	1	w	3192
of	42	w	3194
the	104	w	3197
vein	1	w	3201
that	1	w	3205
runs	1	w	3209
up	6	w	3211
the	105	w	3214
muscle	1	w	3220
In	3	w	3223
such	9	w	3227
a	223	w	3228
case	6	w	3232
it	22	w	3234
is	42	w	3236
not	8	w	3239
easy	2	w	3243
to	18	w	3245
reduce	5	w	3251
the	106	w	3254
parts	7	w	3259
to	19	w	3261
their	4	w	3266
natural	1	w	3273
state	1	w	3278
nor	2	w	3282
is	43	w	3284
it	23	w	3286
easy	3	w	3290
in	63	w	3293
the	108	w	3296
separation	1	w	3306
of	43	w	3308
any	3	w	3311
two	1	w	3314
bones	3	w	3319
united	1	w	3325
by	4	w	3327
symphysis	1	w	3336
to	20	w	3339
restore	1	w	3346
them	1	w	3350
to	22	w	3352
their	5	w	3357
natural	2	w	3364
state	2	w	3369
for	15	w	3373
there	1	w	3378
will	4	w	3382
necessarily	1	w	3393
be	31	w	3395
a	238	w	3396
swelling	1	w	3404
at	36	w	3406
the	112	w	3409
seat	1	w	3413
of	44	w	3415
the	113	w	3418
diastasis	1	w	3427
The	4	w	3431
method	3	w	3437
of	45	w	3439
bandaging	2	w	3448
a	245	w	3449
joint	6	w	3454
has	2	w	3457
been	3	w	3461
already	1	w	3468
described	4	w	3477
in	67	w	3479
treating	2	w	3487
of	46	w	3489
the	114	w	3492
application	2	w	3503
of	47	w	3505
bandages	2	w	3513
to	23	w	3515
the	115	w	3518
ankle	1	w	3523