prison, Th. 6.60, Pl. Grg. 486a, D. 9.60, etc.; δ. ἀνδρῶν Hdt. 3.23: pl., = Lat. ergastula, Plu. TG 8.
bespatter with mud, or trample in the mire: only metaph., treat with contumely, τοὐμὸν στόμα S. OT 427, cf. Ar. Th. 386 ( Pass.); freq. in Att. Prose, Th. l.c., And. 4.16, Pl. R. 562d, etc.:— Pass., Lys. 15.6, etc.; ἰδὼν προπεπηλακισμένην [τὴν φιλοσοφίαν] ἀναξίως Pl. R. 536c; προπηλακισθέντες λόγοις ἢ καὶ ἀτίμοις ἔργοις Id. Lg. 866e; ὑβρίζετο καὶ προὐπηλακίζεθʼ ὑπὸ τοῦ δήμου D. 9.60.
IV
Hom., neut. πρότερον freq. as Adv., before, earlier, Pi. O. 13.31, Hdt. 4.45, IG 1(2).374.265, etc.; ὀλίγον π. Pl. Prt. 317e: c. gen., π. φήμης A. Th. 866 (anap.); ὀλίγῳ τι π. τούτων Hdt. 8.95; πολλοῖσι ἔτεσι π. τούτων ib. 96; ἐνιαυτῷ π. τῆς ἁλώσεως D. 9.60; also πρὸ τῶν Περσικῶν δέκα ἔτεσι π. Pl. Lg. 642d, cf. Criti. 112a; τούτου π. Paus. 1.1.2: most freq. folld. by ἤ, π. ἢ κατὰ τὴν προσδοκίαν Pl. Sph. 264b; also μὴ π. ἀπαναστῆναι ἢ ἐξέλωσι Hdt. 9.87, cf. 7.54, Antipho 2.1.2, Th. 7.63, etc.: with inf., π. ἢ βασιλεῦσαι Hdt. 7.2, cf. Th. 1.69, etc.: folld. by πρίν, Hdt. 1.82; by πρὶν ἄν, ib. 140; by πρὶν ἤ with vb. in Indic., Id. 6.45, 8.8, or Subj., 7.8.β (v.l. πρὶν ἂν ἢ), 9.93; also οὐ π. εἰ μὴ . . Plu. Lys. 10, etc.; οὐ π. ἕως . . , or ἕως ἂν . . , Lys. 12.71, Ath. 14.640c; μὴ π., ἀλλʼ ὅταν . . Plb. 9.13.3: also used with the Art., τὸ π. Pl. R. 522a, X. An. 4.4.14, etc. ( τὸ π., also, for the first time, Ep. Gal. 4.13): c. gen., τὸ π. τῶν ἀνδρῶν τούτων Hdt. 2.144: the Adv. is freq. put between Art. and Subst., ὁ π. βασιλεύς Id. 1.84; τὰ π. ἀδικήματα Id. 6.87; αἱ π. ἁμαρτίαι Ar. Eq. 1355, etc.
III
control, regulate, joined with διοικεῖν, D. 5.6:— Pass., πρυτανεύεσθαι παρά τινος to suffer oneself to be guided by one, Id. 9.60.
2
one who defrays the costs for any purpose, χ. ἔχοντες Φίλιππον Id. 9.60; Φιλίππῳ χ. χρώμενος Id. 19.216; χ. τὸν πατέρα ἔχειν εἴς τι Id. 40.51; λήψεται χ. τῇ ἑαυτοῦ βδελυρίᾳ Aeschin. 1.54, cf. 2.79; οἱονεὶ χ. καὶ μισθοδότης Plb. 2.44.3, cf. 8.7.2; τῆς φύσεως αὐτῶν ὁ θεὸς χ. Iamb.Bab. p.51 Hinck.