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Hymn 4 to Hermes, Hesiod The Homeric hymns. And Homerica (1-140)

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Muse, sing of Hermes, the son of Zeus and Maia, lord of Cyllene and Arcadia rich in flocks, the luck-bringing messenger of the immortals whom Maia bare, the rich-tressed nymph, when she was joined in love with Zeus,
a shy goddess, for she avoided the company of the blessed gods, and lived within a deep, shady cave. There the son of Cronos used to lie with the rich-tressed nymph, unseen by deathless gods and mortal men, at dead of night while sweet sleep should hold white-armed Hera fast.
And when the purpose of great Zeus was fulfilled, and the tenth moon with her was fixed in heaven, she was delivered and a notable thing was come to pass. For then she bare a son, of many shifts, blandly cunning, a robber, a cattle driver, a bringer of dreams,
a watcher by night, a thief at the gates, one who was soon to show forth wonderful deeds among the deathless gods. Born with the dawning, at mid-day he played on the lyre, and in the evening he stole the cattle of far-shooting Apollo on the fourth day of the month; for on that day queenly Maia bare him.
So soon as he had leaped from his mother's heavenly womb, he lay not long waiting in his holy cradle, but he sprang up and sought the oxen of Apollo. But as he stepped over the threshold of the high-roofed cave, he found a tortoise there and gained endless delight.
For it was Hermes who first made the tortoise a singer. The creature fell in his way at the courtyard gate, where it was feeding on the rich grass before the dwelling, waddling along. When he saw it, the luck-bringing son of Zeus laughed and said:
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An omen of great luck for me so soon! I do not slight it. Hail, comrade of the feast, lovely in shape, sounding at the dance! With joy I meet you! Where got you that rich gaud for covering, that spangled shell a tortoise living in the mountains? But I will take and carry you within: you shall help me
and I will do you no disgrace, though first of all you must profit me. It is better to be at home: harm may come out of doors. Living, you shall be a spell against mischievous witchcraft[*]; but if you die, then you shall make sweetest song.”
Thus speaking, he took up the tortoise in both hands
and went back into the house carrying his charming toy. Then he cut off its limbs and scooped out the marrow of the mountain-tortoise with a scoop of grey iron. As a swift thought darts through the heart of a man when thronging cares haunt him,
or as bright glances flash from the eye, so glorious Hermes planned both thought and deed at once. He cut stalks of reed to measure and fixed them, fastening their ends across the back and through the shell of the tortoise, and then stretched ox hide all over it by his skill.
Also he put in the horns and fitted a cross-piece upon the two of them, and stretched seven strings of sheep-gut. But when he had made it he proved each string in turn with the key, as he held the lovely thing.
At the touch of his hand it sounded marvelously; and, as he tried it, the god sang sweet random snatches, even as youths bandy taunts at festivals. He sang of Zeus the son of Cronos and neat-shod Maia, the converse which they had before in the comradeship of love, telling all the glorious tale of his own begetting.
He celebrated, too, the handmaids of the nymph, and her bright home, and the tripods all about the house, and the abundant cauldrons.
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But while he was singing of all these, his heart was bent on other matters. And he took the hollow lyre and laid it in his sacred cradle,
and sprang from the sweet-smelling hall to a watch-place, pondering sheer trickery in his heart deeds such as knavish folk pursue in the dark night-time; for he longed to taste flesh.
The Sun was going down beneath the earth towards Ocean with his horses and chariot when Hermes
came hurrying to the shadowy mountains of Pieria, where the divine cattle of the blessed gods had their steads and grazed the pleasant, unmown meadows. Of these the Son of Maia, the sharp-eyed slayer of Argus then cut off from the herd fifty loud-lowing kine,
and drove them straggling-wise across a sandy place, turning their hoof-prints aside. Also, he bethought him of a crafty ruse and reversed the marks of their hoofs, making the front behind and the hind before, while he himself walked the other way.[*] Then he wove sandals with wicker-work by the sand of the sea,
wonderful things, unthought of, unimagined; for he mixed together tamarisk and myrtle-twigs, fastening together an armful of their fresh, young wood, and tied them, leaves and all securely under his feet as light sandals. That brushwood the glorious Slayer of Argus
plucked in Pieria as he was preparing for his journey, making shift[*] as one making haste for a long journey.
But an old man tilling his flowering vineyard saw him as he was hurrying down the plain through grassy Onchestus. So the Son of Maia began and said to him:
Old man, digging about your vines with bowed shoulders, surely you shall have much wine when all these bear fruit,
if you obey me and strictly remember not to have seen what you have seen, and not to have heard what you have heard, and to keep silent when nothing of your own is harmed.”
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When he had said this much, he hurried the strong cattle on together:
through many shadowy mountains and echoing gorges and flowery plains glorious Hermes drove them. And now the divine night, his dark ally, was mostly passed, and dawn that sets folk to work was quickly coming on, while bright Selene,
daughter of the lord Pallas, Megamedes' son, had just climbed her watch-post, when the strong Son of Zeus drove the wide-browed cattle of Phoebus Apollo to the river Alpheus. And they came unwearied to the high-roofed byres and the drinking-troughs that were before the noble meadow.
Then, after he had well-fed the loud-bellowing cattle with fodder and driven them into the byre, close-packed and chewing lotus and dewy galingal, he gathered a pile of wood and began to seek the art of fire. He chose a stout laurel branch and trimmed it with the knife [*]
held firmly in his hand: and the hot smoke rose up. For it was Hermes who first invented fire-sticks and fire. Next he took many dried sticks and piled them thick and plenty in a sunken trench: and flame began to glow, spreading afar the blast of fierce-burning fire.
And while the strength of glorious Hephaestus was beginning to kindle the fire, he dragged out two lowing, horned cows close to the fire; for great strength was with him. He threw them both panting upon their backs on the ground, and rolled them on their sides, bending their necks over,[*] and pierced their vital chord.
Then he went on from task to task: first he cut up the rich, fatted meat, and pierced it with wooden spits, and roasted flesh and the honorable chine and the paunch full of dark blood all together. He laid them there upon the ground, and spread out the hides on a rugged rock:
and so they are still there many ages afterwards, a long, long time after all this, and are continually[*]. Next glad-hearted Hermes dragged the rich meats he had prepared and put them on a smooth, flat stone, and divided them into twelve portions distributed by lot, making each portion wholly honorable.
Then glorious Hermes longed for the sacrificial meat, for the sweet savour wearied him, god though he was; nevertheless his proud heart was not prevailed upon to devour the flesh, although he greatly desired.
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[*] But he put away in the high-roofed byre
the fat and all the flesh, placing them high up to be a token of his youthful theft. And after that he gathered dry sticks and utterly destroyed with fire all the hoofs and all the heads.
And when the god had duly finished all, he threw his sandals into deep-eddying Alpheus,
and quenched the embers, covering the black ashes with sand, and so spent the night while Selene's soft light shone down. Then the god went straight back again at dawn to the bright crests of Cyllene, and no one met him on the long journey either of the blessed gods or mortal men,
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Hermes 1 w 17
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Zeus 1 w 30
and 1 w 33
Maia 1 w 37
lord 1 w 42
of 3 w 44
Cyllene 1 w 51
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Arcadia 1 w 61
rich 1 w 65
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flocks 1 w 73
the 2 w 77
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of 4 w 101
the 3 w 104
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Maia 2 w 121
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the 4 w 129
rich-tressed 1 w 141
nymph 1 w 146
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she 1 w 154
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in 6 w 165
love 1 w 169
with 1 w 173
Zeus 2 w 177
a 12 w 180
shy 1 w 183
goddess 1 w 190
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she 2 w 197
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the 5 w 207
company 1 w 214
of 5 w 216
the 6 w 219
blessed 1 w 226
gods 1 w 230
and 3 w 234
lived 1 w 239
within 1 w 245
a 16 w 246
deep 1 w 250
shady 1 w 256
cave 1 w 260
There 1 w 266
the 7 w 269
son 2 w 272
of 6 w 274
Cronos 1 w 280
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to 1 w 286
lie 1 w 289
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the 8 w 296
rich-tressed 2 w 308
nymph 2 w 313
unseen 1 w 320
by 1 w 322
deathless 1 w 331
gods 2 w 335
and 4 w 338
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men 1 w 347
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dead 1 w 354
of 7 w 356
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Hera 1 w 401
fast 1 w 405
And 1 w 409
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the 9 w 416
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of 8 w 425
great 1 w 430
Zeus 3 w 434
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fulfilled 1 w 446
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the 10 w 453
tenth 1 w 458
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her 2 w 469
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fixed 1 w 477
in 8 w 479
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delivered 1 w 501
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a 34 w 505
notable 1 w 512
thing 1 w 517
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pass 1 w 530
For 1 w 534
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a 39 w 546
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cunning 1 w 577
a 42 w 579
robber 1 w 585
a 43 w 587
cattle 1 w 593
driver 1 w 599
a 45 w 601
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a 47 w 618
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a 49 w 634
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one 1 w 653
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soon 1 w 663
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show 1 w 669
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deeds 1 w 688
among 1 w 693
the 13 w 696
deathless 2 w 705
gods 3 w 709
Born 1 w 714
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the 14 w 721
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mid-day 1 w 738
he 25 w 740
played 1 w 746
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lyre 1 w 755
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the 17 w 781
cattle 2 w 787
of 11 w 789
far-shooting 1 w 801
Apollo 1 w 807
on 11 w 809
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bare 3 w 859
him 1 w 862
So 1 w 865
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as 9 w 871
he 32 w 873
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from 1 w 886
his 1 w 889
mother 1 w 895
s 63 w 897
heavenly 1 w 905
womb 1 w 909
he 35 w 912
lay 2 w 915
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long 1 w 922
waiting 1 w 929
in 17 w 931
his 2 w 934
holy 1 w 938
cradle 1 w 944
but 1 w 948
he 36 w 950
sprang 1 w 956
up 1 w 958
and 9 w 961
sought 1 w 967
the 21 w 970
oxen 1 w 974
of 13 w 976
Apollo 2 w 982
But 1 w 986
as 10 w 988
he 38 w 990
stepped 1 w 997
over 1 w 1001
the 22 w 1004
threshold 1 w 1013
of 14 w 1015
the 23 w 1018
high-roofed 1 w 1029
cave 2 w 1033
he 41 w 1036
found 1 w 1041
a 79 w 1042
tortoise 1 w 1050
there 1 w 1055
and 10 w 1058
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endless 1 w 1071
delight 1 w 1078
For 2 w 1082
it 8 w 1084
was 7 w 1087
Hermes 2 w 1093
who 3 w 1096
first 1 w 1101
made 1 w 1105
the 25 w 1108
tortoise 2 w 1116
a 84 w 1117
singer 1 w 1123
The 2 w 1127
creature 1 w 1135
fell 1 w 1139
in 20 w 1141
his 3 w 1144
way 1 w 1147
at 13 w 1149
the 26 w 1152
courtyard 1 w 1161
gate 2 w 1165
where 1 w 1171
it 9 w 1173
was 8 w 1176
feeding 1 w 1183
on 16 w 1185
the 27 w 1188
rich 4 w 1192
grass 1 w 1197
before 1 w 1203
the 28 w 1206
dwelling 1 w 1214
waddling 1 w 1223
along 1 w 1228
When 1 w 1233
he 50 w 1235
saw 1 w 1238
it 10 w 1240
the 29 w 1244
luck-bringing 2 w 1257
son 4 w 1260
of 16 w 1262
Zeus 4 w 1266
laughed 1 w 1273
and 11 w 1276
said 1 w 1280
An 2 w 1284
omen 1 w 1288
of 17 w 1290
great 2 w 1295
luck 3 w 1299
for 5 w 1302
me 8 w 1304
so 8 w 1306
soon 3 w 1310
I 1 w 1312
do 1 w 1314
not 3 w 1317
slight 1 w 1323
it 11 w 1325
Hail 1 w 1330
comrade 1 w 1338
of 18 w 1340
the 30 w 1343
feast 1 w 1348
lovely 1 w 1355
in 26 w 1357
shape 1 w 1362
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at 16 w 1373
the 31 w 1376
dance 1 w 1381
With 1 w 1386
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I 2 w 1390
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you 1 w 1397
Where 1 w 1403
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you 2 w 1409
that 2 w 1413
rich 5 w 1417
gaud 1 w 1421
for 6 w 1424
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that 3 w 1437
spangled 1 w 1445
shell 1 w 1450
a 109 w 1452
tortoise 3 w 1460
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the 32 w 1471
mountains 1 w 1480
But 2 w 1484
I 3 w 1485
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within 2 w 1510
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me 10 w 1525
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I 4 w 1529
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do 2 w 1535
you 5 w 1538
no 5 w 1540
disgrace 1 w 1548
though 1 w 1555
first 2 w 1560
of 19 w 1562
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you 6 w 1568
must 1 w 1572
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me 11 w 1580
It 1 w 1583
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better 1 w 1591
to 11 w 1593
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at 19 w 1597
home 1 w 1601
harm 1 w 1606
may 1 w 1609
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Living 1 w 1630
you 7 w 1634
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a 122 w 1642
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Pliny 1 w 1680
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the 33 w 1690
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a 127 w 1711
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against 2 w 1726
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In 1 w 1739
Geoponica 1 w 1748
i 102 w 1749
14 1 w 1752
8 1 w 1754
the 35 w 1757
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tortoise 5 w 1771
is 12 w 1773
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a 133 w 1786
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to 16 w 1793
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but 2 w 1823
if 2 w 1825
you 8 w 1828
die 1 w 1831
then 2 w 1836
you 9 w 1839
shall 3 w 1844
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song 1 w 1860
Thus 1 w 1866
speaking 1 w 1874
he 63 w 1877
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up 2 w 1883
the 37 w 1886
tortoise 6 w 1894
in 40 w 1896
both 1 w 1900
hands 1 w 1905
and 15 w 1908
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back 1 w 1916
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the 38 w 1923
house 1 w 1928
carrying 1 w 1936
his 4 w 1939
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Then 1 w 1955
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cut 1 w 1960
off 1 w 1963
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and 16 w 1974
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out 2 w 1984
the 39 w 1987
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the 40 w 1998
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with 7 w 2019
a 148 w 2020
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of 26 w 2027
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As 1 w 2038
a 149 w 2039
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a 152 w 2074
man 2 w 2077
when 3 w 2081
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him 2 w 2103
or 21 w 2106
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Hermes 3 w 2153
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at 20 w 2180
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He 5 w 2187
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tortoise 8 w 2286
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hide 1 w 2309
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it 19 w 2318
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Also 1 w 2333
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a 172 w 2358
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sheep-gut 1 w 2421
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the 52 w 2471
key 1 w 2474
as 20 w 2477
he 92 w 2479
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the 53 w 2486
lovely 2 w 2492
thing 2 w 2497
At 1 w 2500
the 54 w 2503
touch 1 w 2508
of 32 w 2510
his 6 w 2513
hand 2 w 2517
it 23 w 2519
sounded 1 w 2526
marvelously 1 w 2537
and 24 w 2541
as 21 w 2544
he 96 w 2546
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it 24 w 2553
the 55 w 2557
god 5 w 2560
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random 1 w 2575
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even 3 w 2588
as 22 w 2590
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bandy 1 w 2601
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He 6 w 2621
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of 33 w 2627
Zeus 5 w 2631
the 56 w 2634
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Cronos 2 w 2645
and 27 w 2648
neat-shod 1 w 2657
Maia 4 w 2661
the 57 w 2665
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they 1 w 2682
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the 60 w 2727
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begetting 1 w 2756
He 7 w 2759
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And 2 w 2932
he 114 w 2934
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the 68 w 2941
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and 32 w 2954
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it 25 w 2960
in 57 w 2962
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sacred 1 w 2971
cradle 2 w 2977
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the 69 w 2994
sweet-smelling 1 w 3008
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to 30 w 3014
a 222 w 3015
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flesh 2 w 3131
The 4 w 3135
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the 71 w 3160
earth 1 w 3165
towards 1 w 3172
Ocean 1 w 3177
with 9 w 3181
his 11 w 3184
horses 1 w 3190
and 34 w 3193
chariot 1 w 3200
when 5 w 3204
Hermes 4 w 3210
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the 72 w 3227
shadowy 1 w 3234
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of 39 w 3245
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the 73 w 3260
divine 1 w 3266
cattle 3 w 3272
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the 74 w 3277
blessed 2 w 3284
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had 6 w 3291
their 2 w 3296
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and 35 w 3305
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the 76 w 3314
pleasant 1 w 3322
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the 78 w 3347
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Maia 5 w 3356
the 79 w 3360
sharp-eyed 1 w 3370
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Argus 1 w 3383
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the 81 w 3400
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fifty 1 w 3409
loud-lowing 1 w 3420
kine 1 w 3424
and 36 w 3428
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them 3 w 3437
straggling-wise 1 w 3452
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a 256 w 3459
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place 2 w 3469
turning 1 w 3477
their 3 w 3482
hoof-prints 1 w 3493
aside 1 w 3498
Also 2 w 3503
he 138 w 3506
bethought 1 w 3515
him 3 w 3518
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a 260 w 3521
crafty 1 w 3527
ruse 1 w 3531
and 38 w 3534
reversed 1 w 3542
the 84 w 3545
marks 1 w 3550
of 46 w 3552
their 4 w 3557
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the 86 w 3572
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behind 1 w 3583
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the 87 w 3589
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he 143 w 3607
himself 1 w 3614
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Hermes 5 w 3638
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backwards 1 w 3665
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seem 1 w 3683
to 34 w 3685
be 14 w 3687
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