Ἰλιάς (1.3)

ἴφθιμος

stout, strong, of bodily strength, ὤμοις ἰ. Il. 18.204; κρατὶ ἐπʼ ἰ. 3.336; ἰ. ποταμῶν 17.749; βοῶν ἴ. κάρηνα 23.260; of heroes, ἴ. ψυχαί, κεφαλαί, 1.3, 11.55; of Hades, Od. 10.534; also, of women, comely, stately, ἰ. βασίλεια 16.332; ἄλοχος Il. 5.415, Theoc. 17.128; παράκοιτις Od. 23.92, etc.; θυγάτηρ 15.364; Πηρώ 11.287: later, generally, strong, powerful, ἰφθίμης φιλότητος D.P. 655:— Hom. uses ἰφθίμη of women; but ἴφθιμοι ψυχαί, κεφαλαί, speaking of men. (No ϝ-; prob. not cogn. with ἴς, ἶφι.)

προϊάπτω

send forth, hurl away to the nether world, ψυχὰς Ἄϊδι προΐαψεν Il. 1.3, cf. 6.487; Ἀϊδωνῆϊ 5.190; also, πόλιν . . Ἀΐδᾳ προϊάψαι A. Th. 322 (lyr.).

τε

c τε, ὃς μέν τʼ αἰδέσεται κούρας Διὸς ἆσσον ἰούσας, τὸν δὲ μέγʼ ὤνησαν καί τʼ ἔκλυον εὐχομένοιο Il. 9.508- 9; εἴ περ γάρ τε χόλον γε καὶ αὐτῆμαρ καταπέψῃ, ἀλλά τε καὶ μετόπισθεν ἔχει κότον 1.82- 3.

ψυχή

II Hom., departed spirit, ghost ( ὑποτίθεται [Ὅμηρος] τὰς ψ. τοῖς εἰδώλοις τοῖς ἐν τοῖς κατόπτροις φαινομένοις ὁμοίας . . ἃ καθάπαξ ἡμῖν ἐξείκασται καὶ τὰς κινήσεις μιμεῖται, στερεμνιώδη δὲ ὑπόστασιν οὐδεμίαν ἔχει εἰς ἀντίληψιν καὶ ἁφήν Apollod. Hist. Fr. 102(a) J.); ψ. Πατροκλῆος . . πάντʼ αὐτῷ . . ἐϊκυῖα Il. 23.65: freq. in Od. 11, ψ. Ἀγαμέμνονος, Ἀχιλῆος, etc., 387, 467, al.; ψ. καὶ εἴδωλον Il. 23.104, cf. 72, Od. 24.14; ψ. κατὰ χθονὸς ᾤχετο τετριγυῖα Il. 23.100; ψυχὰς ἡρώων, opp. αὐτούς, 1.3, cf. Hes. Sc. 151; ψυχαὶ δʼ Ἄϊδόσδε κατῆλθον Il. 7.330; ψ. δὲ κατʼ οὐταμένην ὠτειλὴν ἔσσυτʼ ἐπειγομένη 14.518; sts. hardly dist. from signf. I, ἅμα ψ. τε καὶ ἔγχεος ἐξέρυσʼ αἰχμήν 16.505; in swoons it leaves the body, τὸν δὲ λίπε ψ. 5.696; so in later writers (seldom in Trag.), σὺν Ἀγαμεμνονίᾳ ψυχᾷ Pi. P. 11.21; ἑὰν ψυχὰν κομίξαι ib. 4.159, cf. N. 8.44; αἱ ψ. ὀσμῶνται καθʼ Ἅιδην Heraclit. 98; πέμψατʼ ἔνερθεν ψυχὴν ἐς φῶς A. Pers. 630 (anap.); ποτωμένην ψ. ὑπὲρ σοῦ E. Or. 676, cf. Fr. 912.9 (anap.); τὰς τῶν κεκμηκότων ψ., αἷς ἐστιν ἐν τῇ φύσει τῶν αὑτῶν ἐκγόνων κήδεσθαι Pl. Lg. 927b; ψ. σοφαί, perh. ‘wise ghosts’, Ar. Nu. 94; δὶς ἀποθανουμένη ψ. Anon. ap. Plu. Apophth. Lac. 2.236d.

δέ

δέ 1 Adversative particle, but, yet, on the other hand, while Il. 1.29, 83, 108, 137, 167, etc.: Od. 1.13, 19, 33, 75, 212, etc. 2 Particle of continuation, often introducing a subordinate statement or a parenthesis: πολλὰς δὲ ψυχὰς Ἄϊδι προΐαψεν Il. 1.3, νοῦσον ὦρσεν, ὀλέκοντο δὲ λαοί 10, μύδωνα βάλεν–ὁ δʼ ὑπέστρεφε ἵππους–χερμαδίῳ Il. 5.581. Cf. Il. 1.19, 25, 33, 34, 35, etc.: Od. 1.3, 51, 53, 71, 93, etc. 3 Giving a reason or explanation, for: πίθεσθʼ. ἄμφω δὲ νεωτέρω ἐστὸν ἐμεῖο Il. 1.259, ἐμέθεν ξύνες. Διὸς δέ τοι ἄγγελός εἰμι Il. 2.26, μή τι ῥέξῃ κακόν. θυμὸς δὲ μέγας ἐστὶ βασιλήων 196. Cf. Il. 1.271, Il. 3.410, Il. 4.438, 478, Il. 7.259, etc.: Od. 1.168, 433, Od. 2.36, 41, Od. 3.48, etc. 4 Introducing a principal clause after a relative, temporal or conditional protasis: οἱ δʼ ἐπεὶ οὖν ἤγερθεν . . . τοῖσι δὲ μετέφη Il. 1.58, εἰ δέ κε μὴ δώωσιν, ἐγὼ δέ κεν αὐτὸς ἕλωμαι 137, ὅν τινα βασιλῆα κιχείη, τὸν ἀγανοῖς ἐπέεσσιν ἐρητύσασκεν Il. 2.189. Cf. Il. 2.322, Il. 4.262, Il. 5.261, 439, Il. 7.314, Il. 9.167, etc.: Od. 5.425, Od. 7.109, Od. 8.25, Od. 10.366, Od. 11.148, Od. 16.274, etc. Introducing without antecedent clause Il. 2.802, Il. 3.229, etc.: Od. 4.400, Od. 5.428, Il. 3.229, etc.: Od. 4.400, Od. 5.428, etc. 5 Introducing a question: τίς δὲ σύ ἐσσι; Il. 6.123, τίς δʼ οἶδʼ εἰ . . . ; Il. 15.403. Cf. Il. 6.55, Il. 10.82, Il. 11.792, Il. 14.264, Il. 15.244, etc.: Od. 2.332, 363, Od. 4.312, 681, Od. 6.276, etc. 6 Before an imp. or a subj. as imp.: σὺ δὲ παῦε τεὸν μένος Il. 1.282. Cf. Il. 2.344, etc.: τῶν δὲ βοῶν ἀπεχώμεθα Od. 12.321. Cf. Od. 3.247, Od. 5.346, Od. 16.130, Od. 22.312, etc.

ἴφθιμος

ἴφθιμος -ον, and(in sense (2)) -η, -ον [prob. not conn. with (ϝ)ίς, (ϝ)ῖφι, (ϝ)ίφιος.] 1 Epithet of warriors, etc., and their adjuncts, noble, goodly, valiant, sturdy, or the like: ψυχάς Il. 1.3, Μενέλαον Il. 17.554. Cf. Il. 3.336, Il. 4.534, Il. 8.114, Il. 11.55, Il. 12.376, Il. 16.620, etc.: ἑτάρους Od. 20.20. Cf. Od. 10.119, Od. 16.89, 244, Od. 19.110, Od. 22.123, Od. 23.313, Od. 24.26. Applied to divinities: πρωτέος Od. 4.365. Cf. Od. 10.534=Od. 11.47. To rivers Il. 17.749. In reference to animals: βοῶν ἴφθιμα κάρηνα Il. 23.260. 2 Of women, goodly, comely, or the like Il. 5.415, Il. 19.116: Od. 10.106, Od. 11.287, Od. 12.452, Od. 15.364, Od. 16.332, Od. 23.92.

πολλός

πολλός -ή, -όν, πολύς, -ύ, πουλύς (the last fem. Il. 5.776, Il. 8.50, Il. 10.27 : Od. 4.709). From πολύς genit. πολέος Il. 4.244, Il. 5.597, Il. 23.475, 521, 562 : Od. 2.126, Od. 8.405, Od. 20.25. Nom. pl. πολέες Il. 2.417, Il. 4.143, Il. 6.452, etc. : Od. 3.134, Od. 6.284, Od. 22.204. πολεῖς Il. 11.708. Genit. πολέων Il. 5.691, Il. 15.680, Il. 16.398, etc.: Od. 4.267, Od. 9.352, Od. 11.379, etc. Dat. πολέεσσι Il. 5.546, Il. 9.73, Il. 12.399, etc. : Od. 5.54, Od. 8.137, Od. 18.123, Od. 20.200. πολέσι Il. 4.388, Il. 10.262, Il. 11.688, etc. : Od. 2.166, Od. 11.495, Od. 20.30. πολέσσι Il. 13.452, Il. 17.236, 308. Acc. πολέας Il. 1.559, Il. 2.4, Il. 5.804, etc. : Od. 3.262, Od. 4.170, Od. 24.427. 1 In pl., of great number, many : πολλὰς ψυχάς (many a . . .) Il. 1.3, πολέες περ ἐόντες Il. 5.94. Cf. Il. 2.91, Il. 3.99, Il. 4.143, Il. 5.383 (many a one of us), Il. 6.296, etc. : πολλῶν ἀνθρώπων Od. 1.3, τὰ πολλὰ κατάνεται (these things, many as they are, are wasted, our great substance dwindles away) Od. 2.58 = Od. 17.537. Cf. Od. 1.4, Od. 2.166, Od. 3.262, Od. 4.3, Od. 8.217, Od. 9.352 (of the multitudes of men), etc. 2 In sing. with nouns of multitude, consisting of many individuals, numerous, great, vast : πολὺν ὅμιλον Il. 5.334. Cf. Il. 8.472, Il. 13.472, etc. : Od. 8.109, Od. 17.67, etc. 3 a Absol. in masc. and fem. pl. πολλοί (πολλαί), πολέες, many men or women, many a man or woman, many : ὡς ὀλέσῃς πολέας Il. 1.559, ἐκπρεπἔ ἐν πολλοῖσιν (in the multitude) Il. 2.483, πολλῇσι κήδεʼ ἐφῆπτο Il. 6.241. Cf. Il. 1.242, Il. 2.161, Il. 4.230, Il. 5.176, Il. 9.73, etc. : Od. 4.257, Od. 8.17, Od. 13.239, Od. 20.30, Od. 21.367, etc. b οἱ πολλοί, the greater part of an indicated number, most of them(cf. 4.b) : τῶν πολλῶν Ἄρης ὑπὸ γούνατʼ ἔλυσεν Il. 24.498. 4 a Absol. in neut. pl. πολλά, many things, much: ὅτι οἱ π. διδοῦσιν Il. 2.255. Cf. Il. 1.156, Il. 9.320, Il. 10.4, Il. 11.684, Il. 14.67, etc. : Od. 1.427, Od. 2.102, Od. 4.81, Od. 6.174, Od. 11.83, etc. b τὰ πολλά in sense sim. to that of 3.b : τὰ π. ἐτώσια θῆκεν Od. 22.273. 5 In sing., of great amount, quantity, abundance or volume, much : πολὺν λαόν Il. 2.115, πολὺς ὀρυμαγδός 810, πολλὸν φῦκος Il. 9.7. Cf. Il. 3.381, Il. 6.525, Il. 9.469, Il. 10.6, Il. 13.804, etc. : Od. 2.126, Od. 4.258, Od. 5.323, Od. 6.86, Od. 14.136, etc. Absol.: πολέος ἄξιος (ἄξιον) Il. 23.562 : Od. 8.405. So in pl. with sb. in collective sense : κρέα πολλά Il. 8.231. Cf. Il. 8.507, Il. 9.97 (much folk), 116 (many men), Il. 18.560, Il. 24.556, etc. : ἔεδνα πολλά (a great dowry) Od. 1.278, ὄψα πολλά Od. 5.267. Cf. Od. 1.112, Od. 9.266, Od. 11.379, Od. 19.64, etc. 6 In sing. a In reference to extension in space, wide, broad, far-stretching : πολέος πεδίοιο Il. 4.244, πολλός τις ἔκειτο (like some monster extended long and large) Il. 7.156. Cf. Il. 10.27, Il. 20.249, etc.: Od. 2.364, etc. Absol. : ἐπὶ πολλὸν ἑλίσσεται (wheels wide) Il. 23.320. b Of great size, large : τύμβον οὐ πολλόν Il. 23.245. Cf. Od. 12.45. c Of great length, long : πολλὴν ὁδόν Od. 21.20. So of time, long : πολὐν χρόνον Il. 2.343, Il. 3.157, Il. 12.9 : Od. 2.115, Od. 4.543, 594, etc. Cf. Od. 12.407, etc. 7 In neut. sing. πολλόν, πολύ, as adv. a Greatly, much, in a high degree, to a great extent, far : πολὺ πρίν Il. 9.250. Cf. Il. 19.113, etc. : Od. 2.167. b In reference to position or motion, far : πολὺ πρὸ ἑτάρων Il. 4.373, πολλὸν ἀποπλαγχθείς Il. 13.592. Cf. Il. 6.125, Il. 14.30, Il. 17.342, Il. 22.459, etc. : πολλὸν διήφυσε σαρκός (partitive genit., making an extensive wound) Od. 19.450. Cf. Od. 4.811, Od. 5.350, Od. 6.40, Od. 11.515, Od. 14.339, etc. c With a vb. of preference, much, far : πολὺ βούλομαι Il. 1.112. Cf. Il. 17.331 : Od. 17.404. d With vbs. of excelling, rivalling or falling short, much, far, by much, by far : πολλὸν κείνων ἐπιδεύεαι ἀνδρῶν Il. 5.636, πολλὸν ἐνίκα Il. 18.252. Cf. Il. 9.506, Il. 13.815, Il. 17.142, Il. 19.219, etc. : Od. 1.253, Od. 3.121, Od. 21.185, etc. e With comparatives and superlatives, much, far, by much, by far : πολλὸν ἄριστος Il. 1.91, πολὺ μεῖζον 167. Cf. Il. 1.169, Il. 3.41, Il. 4.51, Il. 6.479, Il. 11.162, etc. : Od. 1.113, Od. 3.250, Od. 7.321, Od. 8.129, Od. 11.239, etc. f Often, oft, time and again : πολλόν μοι ἐπέσσυτο θυμός Il. 9.398. 8 In neut. pl. πολλά as adv. a Greatly, much, in a high degree, intensely, to a great extent : π. μόγησα Il. 1.162, π. ἀεκαζομένη Il. 6.458, π. μετακλαύσεσθαι (bitterly) Il. 11.764. Cf. Il. 8.22, Il. 9.348, Il. 11.557, Il. 16.826, Il. 17.66 (loudly), Il. 23.116 (with much play of the heels), Il. 24.328, etc. : π. μοι κραδίη πόρφυρεν Od. 4.427. Cf. Od. 1.1, Od. 13.221, 277, Od. 14.65, 67, Od. 17.393 (in many words), etc. In great numbers : ἄθλων οἷά τε π. πέλονται Od. 8.160. b With vbs. of entreating, enjoining or persuading, repeatedly, with anxious iteration, with insistence or assiduity, earnestly, pressingly, strongly : π. ἠρᾶτο Il. 1.35, π. ἐπέτελλεν Il. 4.229, π. ἀπεμυθέομην Il. 9.109. Cf. Il. 5.358, 528, Il. 9.183, Il. 11.782, Il. 17.431, etc. : Od. 3.54, 264, 267, Od. 4.433, Od. 10.521, etc. Sim. : π. κεν ἀθανάτοισιν ἀνὰ χεῖρας ἀείραι Il. 7.130. c Often, oft, time and again : π. πρὸς ἠέλιον κεφαλὴν τρέπεν Od. 13.29. Cf. Il. 2.798, Il. 9.568, Il. 17.430, Il. 24.391, 755 : Od. 5.389, Od. 9.128, Od. 11.536. d Far and wide : π. ἴθυσε μάχη Il. 6.2.

†προϊάπτω

†προϊάπτω [προ- 1 + (ϝ)ι-(ϝ)άπτω, to throw. Cf. ἀπτοεπής, ἑάφθη.] 3 sing. fut. προϊάψει Il. 6.487. Infin. προϊάψειν Il. 5.190, Il. 11.55. 3 sing. aor. προΐαψε Il. 1.3. To send, dispatch: πολλὰς ψυχὰς Ἄϊδι Il. 1.3. Cf. Il. 5.190, Il. 6.487, Il. 11.55.

†προϊάπτω

†προϊάπτω [προ- 1 + (ϝ)ι-(ϝ)άπτω, to throw. Cf. ἀπτοεπής, ἑάφθη.] 3 sing. fut. προϊάψει Il. 6.487. Infin. προϊάψειν Il. 5.190, Il. 11.55. 3 sing. aor. προΐαψε Il. 1.3. To send, dispatch: πολλὰς ψυχὰς Ἄϊδι Il. 1.3. Cf. Il. 5.190, Il. 6.487, Il. 11.55.

ψυχή

ψυχή -ῆς, ἡ. 1 The animating principle, the vital spirit, the soul, the life, life, one's life (cf. θυμός I.1.b) : λύθη ψυχή τε μένος τε Il. 5.296= Il. 8.123=315. Cf. Il. 11.334, Il. 21.569, Il. 22.257, 325, 338, 467, Il. 23.104, Il. 24.754 : κεκαδήσει θυμοῦ καὶ ψυχῆς Od. 21.154, 171. Cf. Od. 9.523. In pl. in reference to a number of persons : ψυχὰς ὀλέσαντες Il. 13.763= Il. 24.168. Cf. Od. 22.444. 2 Animate existence viewed as a possession, one's life : ἐμὴν ψυχὴν παραβαλλόμενος Il. 9.322, ψυχῆς ἀντάξιον 401 : ψυχὰς παρθέμενοι Od. 3.74= Od. 9.255. 3 Animate existence viewed with regard to its duration, one's life or continued existence : περὶ ψυχῆς θέον Ἕκτορος Il. 22.161 : ἀρνύμενος ἣν ψυχήν Od. 1.5, ὥς τε περὶ ψυχῆς Od. 9.423. In pl. in reference to a number of persons : ὅσσοι περὶ ψυχέων ἐμάχοντο Od. 22.245. 4 The spirit or soul thought of as distinct from the body and as leaving it at death (cf. θυμός I.1.c) : πολλὰς ψυχὰς Ἄϊδι προΐαψεν Il. 1.3, τὸν δὲ λίπε ψυχή Il. 5.696, ψυχὴ πάλιν ἐλθεῖν οὐ λεϊστή Il. 9.408. Cf. Il. 5.654= Il. 11.445, Il. 7.330, Il. 14.518, Il. 16.453, 505, 625, 856= Il. 22.362 : ψυχὴ ἀποπταμένη πεπότηται Od. 11.222. Cf. Od. 10.560= Od. 11.65, Od. 14.134, 426 (of a pig), Od. 18.91. 5 A disembodied spirit, a shade : ψυχὴ Πατροκλῆος Il. 23.65, ψυχαί, εἴδωλα καμόντων 72. Cf. Il. 23.100, 106, 221 : ψυχῇ (ψυχὴ) Τειρεσίαο Od. 10.492= 565, Od. 11.90, 165, Od. 23.251, 323. Cf. Od. 10.530, Od. 11.37, 51, 84, 141, 150, 205, 385, 387, 467, 471, 538, 541, 543, 564, 567, Od. 24.1, 14, 15, 20, 23, 35=191, 100, 102, 105, 120.