train naked, train in gymnastic exercise: generally, train, exercise, τὸ σῶμα, τὴν ψυχήν, Isoc. 2.11; ἑαυτὸν καὶ τοὺς ἵππους X. An. 1.2.7; ἑαυτὸν πρός τι Arr. Epict. 2.18.27: c. inf., γ. τοὺς παῖδάς τι ποιεῖν train or accustom them to do a thing, X. Cyr. 1.6.32; γ. τινά τινι accustom him to it, ib. 1.2.10; τινὰ περί τι Isoc. 10.5; teach rhetoric, Phld. Rh. 2.50S. :— Med., exercise for oneself, practise, γυμνάσασθαι τέχνην Pl. Grg. 514e; τὰ περὶ τὰς διαίτας Str. 14.2.19; γυμνάσιον τὸ εἰωθός Ael. VH 5.6; practise gymnastic exercises, Thgn. 1335, Hdt. 7.208, Th. 1.6. etc.; δρόμῳ IG 4.955.8 (ii A. D.), etc.; generally, practise, ναῦς -ομένας X. HG 1.1.16; of a disputer, Arist. Top. 108a13, etc.:— Pass., ὁ γεγυμνασμένος the trained or practised orator, opp. ὁ εὐφυής, Id. Rh. 1410b8; γεγυμνάσθαι πρός τι, ἔντινι, be trained or practised for or in a thing, Pl. Lg. 626b, 635c; περὶ τὰ ὅπλα γυμνάζεσθαι X. HG 6.5.23: c. acc., τὰ πρὸς τὰς πολεμικὰς πράξεις γεγυμνασμένοι τὰς ἕξεις . . Arist. Pol. 1319a22; θήραν Philostr. VA 3.9: c. gen., γεγ. θαλάττης, πολέμων, σοφίας, Id. Her. 2.15, 3.1, 10.1; καρδία γεγ. πλεονεξίας τινί 2 Ep.Pet. 2.14; also ὕδωρ ὑπὸ συνεχῶν πληγῶν γεγ. καὶ κεκαθαρμένον J. AJ 3.1.2.
3
surpass, excel, Th. 7.66: freq. c. gen., τὸ Ἄργος π. ἅπασι τῶν ἐν τῇ . . χώρῃ in all things, Hdt. 1.1, cf. 32; τέχνα γὰρ τέχνας ἑτέρας προὔχει S. Ph. 138 (lyr.); πολὺ προὔχουσα θεάων Call. Del. 218; π. αὐτέων τοσοῦτον ὅσον . . Hdt. 2.136; πολλῷ π. Id. 3.82; π. δυνάμει, πλήθει καὶ ἐμπειρίᾳ, Th. 1.18, 121; τοσοῦτον ἐκείνων μεγέθει π. Luc. Musc.Enc. 1: also π. τινὸς τιμήν to be preferred to him in honour, S. Ant. 208; π. ἔν τινος λαμπρότητι Th. 6.16; μικρὸν π. ἐν τοῖς μεγάλοις μᾶλλον ἢ πολὺ διαφέρειν ἐν τοῖς μικροῖς Isoc. 10.5; κατά τι Luc. Am. 30.