come to know, perceive, and in past tenses, know, c. acc., Il. 12.272, etc.; as dist. fr. οἶδα know by reflection, γιγνώσκω, = know by observation, γνόντες δὲ εἰδότας περιορᾶν Th. 1.69; ἐγὼ δʼ οἶδʼ ὅτι γιγνώσκετε τοῦτον ἅπαντες D. 18.276; χαλεπόν ἐστι τὸ γνῶναι εἰ οἶδεν ἢ μή it is hard to perceive whether one knows or not, Arist. APo. 76a26; discern, distinguish, recognize, ὄφρʼ εὖ γιγνώσκῃς ἠμὲν θεὸν ἠδὲ καὶ ἄνδρα Il. 5.128; ἀσπίδι γιγνώσκων by his shield, ib. 182; ironically, εὖ νύ τις αὐτὸν γνώσεται he will learn him to his cost, 18.270; νῦν ἔγνων τὸν Ἔρωτα Theoc. 3.15: sts. c. gen., γνώτην ἀλλήλων were aware of . . , Od. 21.36, cf. 23.109.