A). force, constraint, necessity, κρατερὴ δ’ ἐπικείσετ’ ἀ. Il. 6.458 ; ἀναγκαίη γὰρ ἐπείγει ib. 85 ; ἀναγκαίῃ πολεμίζειν 4.300 ; τίς τοι ἀνάγκη πτώσσειν; 5.633 ; οἷσιν ἀ. (sc. φυλάσσειν) 10.418 , al.: but in Hom. usu. in dat. as Adv., ἀνάγκῃ perforce, of necessity, ἀείδειν Od. 1.154 ; φεύγειν Il. 11.150 : in act. sense, forcibly, by force, ἴσχειν, ἄγειν, Od. 4.557 , 22.353 ; μνήσασθαι 7.217 : strengthd. by καί, 10.434 ; ὑπ’ ἀνάγκης 19.156 ; opp. ἑκόντες, Pl. Phdr. 231a ; ὑπ’ ἀναγκαίης Hdt. 7.172 , al.; ἐξ ἀνάγκης S. Ph. 73 , Th. 3.40 , etc.; δῑ ἀνάγκης Pl. Ti. 47e ; σὺν ἀνάγκᾳ Pi. P. 1.51 ; πρὸς ἀνάγκαν A. Pers. 569 codd. (lyr.), cf. Epict. Ench. 29.2 ; κατ’ ἀνάγκην X. Cyr. 4.3.7 : ἀνάγκη ἐστί, c. inf., it must be that .. , is necessary that .. , cf. Il. supr. cit.; πᾶσα ἀ. ἐστὶ ὗσαι Hdt. 2.22 ; τρέφειν τοὺς τοκέας τοῖσι μὲν παισὶν οὐδεμία ἀ., τῇσι δὲ θυγατράσι πᾶσα ἀ. ib. 35 : c. dat. pers., ἀ. μοι σχεθεῖν A. Pr. 16 , cf. Pers. 293 :—in Trag. freq. in answers and arguments, πολλή γ’ ἀνάγκη, πολλή’ στ’ ἀνάγκη, or πολλή μ’ ἀνάγκη, with which an inf. may always be supplied, E. Med. 1013 , Hec. 396 , S. Tr. 295 ; so πᾶσ’ ἀνάγκη El. 1497 , cf. Pl. R. 441d ; ἀνάγκη μεγάλη [ἐστί] ib. 485e , Is. 3.6 , D. 28.9 ; ἐν ἀνάγκῃ ἐστί Lys. 6.8 : later ἀνάγκην ἔχω, c. inf., Ev.Luc. 14.18 .

2). necessity in the philosophical sense, Arist. APo. 94b37 , Metaph. 1026b28 , Ph. 199b34 ; logical necessity, Metaph. 1064b33 : in pl., laws of nature, τίσιν ἀνάγκαις ἕκαστα γίγνεται τῶν οὐρανίων X. Mem. 1.1.11 , cf. Hp. Aër. 21 .

b). natural need, γαστρὸς ἀνάγκαις A. Ag. 726 , cf. Ar. Nu. 1075 , X. Cyn. 7.1 ; ὑπ’ ἀ. τῆς ἐμφύτου Pl. R. 458d ; ἐρωτικαῖς ἀ. ib., etc.

c). ἡ ἀ. τοῦ τόπου the lie of the ground as a necessary condition, PLille 4.14 .

d). ἀνάγκη δαιμόνων, αἱ ἐκ θεῶν ἀνάγκαι, fate, destiny, E. Ph. 1000 , 1763 : freq. personified in Poets, Parm. 8.30 , Emp. 116 , A. Pr. 105 , S. Fr. 256 ; Ἀνάγκᾳ δ’ οὐδὲ θεοὶ μάχονται Simon. 5.21 .

3). compulsion exerted by a superior, ἀ. προστιθέναι, ἐπιτιθέναι, X. Hier. 9.4 , Lac. 10.7 .

b). violence, punishment, esp. of torture, mostly pl., ἐς ἀνάγκας ἄγεσθαι Hdt. 1.116 , cf. Antipho 6.25 , Herod. 5.5 ; προσάγειν τινὶ τὰς ἀνάγκας Th. 1.99 ; τὰ πρὸς ἀνάγκας ὄργανα instruments of torture, Plb. 15.28.2 : later in sg., ἡ ἀ. τῶν βασάνων Plu. 2.305e ; πρὸς ἀνάγκην under torture, Id. Publ. 17 : metaph., Hp. de Arte 13 ; δολοποιὸς ἀ., i. e. the stratagem of Nessus, S. Tr. 832 ; βρόχων πλεκταῖς ἀνάγκαις Xenarch. 1.9 .

c). duress, 'force majeure', ὅρκους οὓς ποιέονται ἐν ἀνάγκῃ ὄντες Democr. 239 ; stress of circumstances, ἀκούσιοι ἀ. Th. 3.82 .

d). treatment by mechanical force, τῶν ἀναγκῶν τινὰ προσφέρειν Hp. Fract. 15 , cf. Art. 73 .

4). bodily pain, anguish, κατ’ ἀνάγκην ἕρπειν painfully, S. Ph. 206 (lyr.); ὑπ’ ἀνάγκης βοᾶν ib. 215 ; ὠδίνων ἀνάγκαι E. Ba. 89 (lyr.): generally, distress, ἐν ἀνάγκαις γλυκὺ γίνεται καὶ τὸ σκληρόν Simon. 226 ; freq. in LXX, Jb. 15.24 , al.; ἡ ἐνεστῶσα ἀ. 1 Ep.Cor. 7.26 : esp. in pl., IG 12 ( 7 ). 386.23 (Amorgos, iii B. C.), D.S. 4.43 , 2 Ep.Cor. 6.4 , etc.

II). tie of blood, kindred, Lys. 32.5 .

III). = ἡ δικαστικὴ κλεψύδρα , Hsch.