A). κέρᾳ Il. 11.385 , cf. Hdn.Gr. 2.75 , κέρᾳ also in Th. 2.90 , 7.6 : nom. pl. κέρᾱ (v. infr.), gen. κεράων, κερῶν, dat. κέρασι, Ep. κεράεσσι:— Att. Inscrr. have dual [ κέρ]ατε IG 12.301.109 : pl.κέρατα ib. 237.59 ; later Ep. κεράατα (&’&&) Nic. Th. 291 , κεράατος (&’&&) Arat. 174 , Q.S. 6.225 :—Hdt.has gen. κέρεος 6.111 , dat. κέρεϊ 9.102 : pl. κέρεα 2.38 , κερέων ib. 132 ; but Hp. has gen. sg. κέρως, pl. κέρατα, Aër. 18 . [In nom. and acc. κέρας, ᾰ always: in the obl. cases ᾰ in Ep., as κέρᾰσιν Od. 3.384 (in contr. dat. κέρᾱ|, nom. pl. κέρᾱ (cf. Batr. 165 ), a is shortd. before a vowel, Il. 11.385 , Od. 19.211 ); but ᾱ in Trag.and Com., κέρᾱτος Hermipp. 43 , κέρᾱτα E. Ba. 921 , κεράτων [ᾱ] prob. in S. Tr. 519 (lyr.), κέρᾱσι A. Fr. 185 . In later Ep. the quantity varies.](κέρας is prob. related to κάρα; cf. κεραός.)

I). the horn of an animal, in Hom. mostly of oxen, Il. 17.521 , etc.; ταῦροι .. εἰς κέρας θυμούμενοι E. Ba. 743 ; ὀφθαλμοὶ δ’ ὡς εἰ κέρα ἕστασαν his eyes stood fixed and stiff like horns, Od. 19.211 ; as a symbol of strength, LXX Ps. 17(18).3 , Diogenian. 7.89 , cf. Arist. PA 662a1 ; of elephants' tusks, Aret. SD 2.13 , Opp. C. 2.494 .

2). antennae of crustaceans, Arist. HA 526a31 , 590b27 ; of the silkworm's grub, ib. 551b10 .

II). horn, as a material, αἱ μὲν γὰρ [πύλαι] κεράεσσι τετεύχαται Od. 19.563 ; the horn of animals' hoofs, Longus 2.28 .

III). anything made of horn,

1). bow, τόξον ἐνώμα .. πειρώμενος .. μὴ κέρα ἶπες ἔδοιεν Od. 21.395 , cf. Theoc. 25.206 , Call. Epigr. 38 , AP 6.75 ( Paul.Sil.); for Il. 11.385 v. infr. v.l.

2). of musical instruments, horn for blowing, σημῆναι τῷ κέρατι X. An. 2.2.4 , cf. Arist. Aud. 802a17 ; also, the Phrygian flute, because it was tipped with horn (cf. Poll. 4.74 ), αὐλεῖν τῷ κ. Luc. DDeor. 12.1 ; καὶ κέρατι μὲν αὐλεῖν Τυρρηνοὶ νομίζουσι Poll. 4.76 , cf. Ath. 4.184a .

3). drinking-horn, ἐκ τοῦ κέρατος αὖ μοι δὸς πιεῖν Hermipp. 43 , cf. X. An. 7.2.23 , OGI 214.43 (Didyma, iii B.C.); ἐξ ἀργυρέων κ. πίνειν Pi. Fr. 166 , cf. IG 12.280.77 ; ἀργυρηλάτοις κέρασι χρυσᾶ στόμια προσβεβλημένοις A. Fr. 185 ; ἐκπιόντι χρύσεον κ. S. Fr. 483 ; for measuring liquids, Gal. 13.435 .

4). Ἀμαλθείας κ. cornucopiae, v. Ἀμάλθεια .

IV). βοὸς κ. prob. a horn guard or cover attached to a fishing-line, Il. 24.81 , cf. Sch.; ἐς πόντον προΐησι βοὸς κέρας Od. 12.253 ; ψάμμῳ κ. αἰὲν ἐρείδων AP 6.230 ( Maec.), cf. Aristarch. ap. Apollon. Lex. s.v. κέρᾳ ἀγλαέ , Arist. ap. Plu. 2.977a (also expld. as a fishing-line of ox-hair (cf. infr.v.l), ap. Plu. 2.976f , cf. Poll. 2.31 ; perh. an artificial bait).

2). clyster-pipe, Orib. 8.32 7 .

3). in pl., horn points with which the writing-reed was tipped, AP 6.227 ( Crin.).

V). of objects shaped like horns,

1). a mode of dressing the hair, κέρᾳ ἀγλαέ Il. 11.385 (unless the meaning be bow), cf. Aristarch. ad loc., Herodorus and Apionap. Eust. ad loc.: hence κέρας is expld. as = θρίξ or κόμη, Apollon. Lex., Hdn.Gr. ap. Eust.l.c., Poll. 2.31 , Hsch.; cf. iv. l, and v. κεροπλάστης .

2). arm or branch of a river, Ὠκεανοῖο κ. Hes. Th. 789 ; Νείλου Pi. Fr. 201 ; τὸ Μενδήσιον κέρας Th. 1.110 ; ἐν Ἰνδοῖς ἐν τῷ Κέρατι καλουμένῳ Arist. Mir. 835b5 , cf. Mu. 393b5 ; τὸ κ. τὸ Βυζαντίων the 'Golden Horn', Str. 7.6.2 , cf. Plb. 4.43.7 , Sch. A.R. 4.282 ; Ἑσπέρου K., name of a bay, Hanno Peripl. 14 , cf. Philostr. VS 1.21.2 .

3). wing of an army, Hdt. 9.26 , etc.; or fleet, Id. 6.8 , Th. 2.90 , etc.; κ. δεξιόν, λαιόν, A. Pers. 399 , E. Supp. 704 ; τὸ εὐώνυμον κ. ἀναπτύσσειν X. An. 1.10.9 .

b). κατὰ κέρας προσβάλλειν, ἐπιπεσεῖν, to attack in flank, Th. 3.78 , X. HG 6.5.16 , etc.; κατὰ κ. προσιέναι, ἕπεσθαι, Id. Cyr. 7.1.8 and 28 ; κατὰ κ. συμπεσών Plb. 1.40.14 ; πρὸς κ. μάχεσθαι X. Cyr. 7.1.22 .

c). ἐπὶ κέρας ἀνάγειν τὰς νέας to lead a fleet in column, Hdt. 6.12 , cf. 14 ; κατὰ μίαν ἐπὶ κέρως παραπλεῖν Th. 2.90 , cf. 6.32 , X. Cyr. 6.3.34 , Eub. 67.4 ; of armies, κατὰ κέρας, opp. ἐπὶ φάλαγγος, X. Cyr. 1.6.43 , cf. An. 4.6.6 , HG 7.4.23 ; εἰς κ. Id. Eq.Mag. 4.3 ; ἐκ κέρατος εἰς φάλαγγα καταστῆσαι Id. Cyr. 8.5.15 ; οὐκ ἐλᾶτε πρὸς τὸ δεξιὸν κ.; Ar. Eq. 243 .

4). corps of 8192 men, = διφαλαγγαρχία , Ascl. Tact. 2.6 , Arr. Tact. 10.7 .

b). = μεραρχία , Ascl. Tact. 2.10 .

c). contingent of thirty-two chariots, ib. 8 , Ael. Tact. 22.2 .

5). sailyard, = κεραία , AP 5.203 ( Mel.), OGI 674.30 (Egypt, i A.D.), Luc. Am. 6 , POxy. 2136.6 (iii A.D.).

6). mountainpeak, v.l. in h.Hom. 1.8 ; spur, τὸ κ. τοῦ ὄρους X. An. 5.6.7 , cf. Lyc. 534 : in pl., extremities of the earth, γῆς Philostr. VA 2.18 (pl.).

7). in Anatomy, extremities of the uterus, Hp. Superf. 1 , Gal. 7.266 ; of the diaphragm, Sor. 1.57 .

b). ἁπαλὸν κ., = πόσθη , Archil. 171 , cf.Neophro (?) in PLit.Lond. 77 Fr. 2.19 , E. Fr. 278 , AP 12.95.6 ( Mel.).

8). of the πήχεις of the lyre, χρυσόδετον κ. S. Fr. 244 (lyr.) (rather than the bridge, because made of horn, Ael.Dion. Fr. 133 , Poll. 4.62 ).

VI). κέρατα ποιεῖν τινι to give him horns, cuckold him, prov. in Artem. 2.11 ; cf. κερασφόρος 11 .

VII). = κερατίνης , Luc. DMort. 1.2 .

VIII). = σταφυλῖνος ἄγριος , Dsc. 3.52 ; = οἰνάνθη , dub. in Ps.- Dsc. 3.120 .