A). εἰν S. Ant. 1241 ; εἰνί E. Heracl. 893 : Arc. and Cypr. ἰν IG 5(2).3.5 , al., Inscr.Cypr. 135.9 H., al.

0-0).PREP. WITH DAT. AND ACC. Radical sense, in, into.

A). WITH DAT.

I). OF PLACE,

1). in, νήσῳ ἐν ἀμφιρύτῃ Od. 1.50 ; ἐν δώμασ’ ἐμοῖσιν Il. 6.221 ; ἐνὶ προθύροισιν 11.777 ; κοίλῃσ’ ἐνὶ νηυσί Od. 2.27 ; with names of cities or islands, as ἐν Ἀθήνῃς, ἐν Τροίῃ, Il. 2.549 , 162 ; ἡ ἐν Κερκύρᾳ ναυμαχία Th. 1.57 ; ἡ ἐν Σαλαμῖνι μάχη Isoc. 5.147 (but in Att. the Prep.is sts.omitted, as with Ἐλευσῖνι, Μαραθῶνι; where ἐν is used, it = in the district of .., ὲν Ἐλευσῖνι IG 22.1028.11 , ἐμ Μαραθῶνι ib. 1243.21 ): ἐν χερσὶν ἐμῇσι in my arms, Il. 22.426 ; ἐνὶ θυμῷ Od. 16.331 , etc.; ἐν αὑτῷ εἶναι to be in one's senses, be oneself, ἔτ’ ἐν σαυτῷ (v.l.-τοῦ) γενοῦ S. Ph. 950 ; also ἐν αὑτοῦ, cf. signf. 2 .

b). ἐν τοῖς ἰχθύσιν in the fish-market, Antiph. 125 ; ἐν τῷ μύρῳ Ar. Eq. 1375 ; so ἐν τοῖν δυοῖν ὀβολοῖν ἐθεώρουν ἄν in the two-obol seats, D. 18.28 .

2). elliptic, in such phrases as ἐν Ἀλκινόοιο Od. 7.132 , cf. Leg.Gort. 2.21 , etc.; εἰν Ἀΐδαο Il. 22.389 , Att. ἐν Ἅιδου (v. Ἅιδης): later ἐν τοῖς τινός PRev.Laws 38.1 (iii B. C.), Ev.Luc. 2.49 ; ἐν ἡμετέρου Hdt. 1.35 , 7.8 . δ’; ἐμ Πανδίονος IG 22.1138.8 ; ἐν Δημοτιωνιδῶν ib. 2.841b21 ; ἐν τῶν πόλεων ib. 12.56.14 : mostly with pr.n., but sts. with Appellatives, as, ἐν ἀφνειοῦ πατρός Il. 6.47 ; ἐν ἀνδρὸς εὐσεβεστάτου E. IA 926 ; ἐν παιδοτρίβου, ἐν κιθαριστοῦ, at the school of .., Ar. Nu. 973 , Pl. Tht. 206a ; ἐν γειτόνων (v. γείτων) ἐν αὑτοῦ (αὑτῷ cod. Rav.) Ar. V. 642 , cf. Men. Sam. 125 ; οὐκέτ’ ἐν ἐμαυτοῦ ἦν Pl. Chrm. 155d ; ἐν ὑμῶν αὐτῶν γένεσθε Lib. Or. 35.15 .

3). in, within, surrounded by, οὐρανὸς ἐν αἰθέρι καὶ νεφέλῃσι Il. 15.192 ; after Hom., of clothing, armour, etc., ἐν ἐσθῆτι Hdt. 2.159 ; ἐν πεπλώματι S. Tr. 613 ; ἐν ἔντεσι Pi. O. 4.24 ; ἐν ὅπλοισι in or under arms, Hdt. 1.13 , etc.; also of particular kinds of arms, ἐν τόξοις, ἀκοντίοις, etc., equipped with them, dub.in X. Mem. 3.9.2 ; ἐν μαχαίρῃ PTeb. 16.14 (ii B. C.); ἐν μεγάλοις φορτίοις βαδίζειν καὶ τρέχειν X. Cyr. 2.3.14 ; ἐν βαθεῖ πώγωνι Luc. Salt. 5 .

4). on, at or by, ἐν ποταμῷ Il. 18.521 , Od. 5.466 ; ἐν ὄρεσσιν 19.205 ; οὔρεος ἐν κορυφῇς Il. 2.456 ; ἐν θρόνοις Od. 8.422 ; νευρὴ ἐν τόξῳ the string on the bow, Il. 15.463 ; ἐν [ξίφει] ἧλοι 11.29 ; κατεκλάσθη ἐνὶ καυλῷ ἔγχος was broken off at or by the shaft, 13.608 ; ἐν πέτροισι πέτρον ἐκτρίβων S. Ph. 296 ; ἐν οἴνῳ at wine, prob. in Call. Epigr. 23 , Luc. Dem.Enc. 15 .

5). in the number of, amongst, freq.in Hom., ἐν Δαναοῖσι, προμάχοισι, μέσσοισιν, νεκύεσσι, Il. 1.109 , 3.31 , 7.384 , Od. 12.383 , al.; οἴη ἐν ἀθανάτοισιν Il. 1.398 ; and with Verbs of ruling, ἐν δ’ ἄρα τοῖσιν ἦρχ’ 13.689 ; ἀνδράσιν ἐν πολλοῖσι .. ἀνάσσων Od. 19.110 ; φῦλον ἐν ἀνθρώποισι ματαιότατον Pi. P. 3.21 ; ἐν τοῖς οἰκείοισιν ἀνὴρ χρηστός S. Ant. 661 ; ἐν γυναιξὶν ἄλκιμος E. Or. 754 :—for ἐν τοῖς c. Sup., V. ὁ.

b). in the presence of, ἐν πᾶσι Od. 2.194 ; πτωχὸς ὢν ἐν ἐσθλοῖσιν λέγειν E. Fr. 703 ; λέγοντες ἐν τῷ δήμῳ Pl. R. 565b ; μακρηγορεῖν ἐν εἰδόσι Th. 2.36 ; ἔλεγον ἐν τοῖς τριάκοντα Lys. 12.6 ; ἐν τοῖς ὄχλοις εἰπεῖν Isoc. 3.21 ; λέγειν ἐν ἀνδράσιν (of a woman) Lys. 32.11 ; of a trial, διαγωνίζεσθαι, διαδικάζεσθαι ἔν τισι, Pl. Grg. 464d , Lg. 916b ; προὐκαλούμην ἐν τοῖς αὐτοῖς δικασταῖς Antipho 6.23 .

6). in one's hands, within one's reach or power, νίκης πείρατ’ ἔχονται ἐν ἀθανάτοισι θεοῖσι Il. 7.102 ; δύναμις γὰρ ἐν ὑμῖν Od. 10.69 (comp. the Homeric phrases θεῶν ἐν γούνασι κεῖται Il. 17.514 ; ἐν γὰρ χερσὶ τέλος πολέμου 16.630 ); freq. in Hdt. and Att., ἔστιν ἔν τινι, c. inf., it depends on him to .., rests with him to .., ἔστιν ἐν σοὶ ἢ .. ἤ .. Hdt. 6.109 , cf. 3.85 , etc.; ταῦτα δ’ ἐν τῷ δαίμονι καὶ τῇδε φῦναι χἁτέρᾳ S. OC 1443 ; ἐν σοὶ γάρ ἐσμεν Id. OT 314 ; ἐν σοὶ δ’ ἐσμὲν καὶ ζῆν καὶ μή E. Alc. 278 ; ἐν ταῖς ναυσὶ τῶν Ἑλλήνων τὰ πράγματα ἐγένετο Th. 1.74 ; ἐν τῷ θεῷ τὸ τέλος ἦν, οὐκ ἐμοί D. 18.193 ; also ἐν τούτῳ εἰσὶν πᾶσαι αἱ ἀποδείξεις depend on this, Pl. Prt. 354e ; ἐν τούτῳ λύεται ἡ ἀπορία ἢ ἄλλοθι οὐδαμοῦ ib. 321e ; ἔν γ’ ἐμοί so far as rests with me, S. OC 153 (lyr.); ἐν δὲ σοὶ λελείψομαι E. Hipp. 324 ; also ἐν ἐμοί in my judgement, S. OC 1214 (lyr.); ἐν θεοῖς καλά in the eyes of the gods, Id. Ant. 925 .

7). in respect of, ἐν πάντεσσ’ ἔργοισι δαήμονα φῶτα Il. 23.671 ; ἐν γήρᾳ σύμμετρός τινι in point of age .., S. OT 1112 ; ἐν ἐμοὶ θρασύς in my case, towards me, Id. Aj. 1315 ; ἐν θανοῦσιν ὑβριστής ib. 1092 ; ἡ ἐν τ<*>οῖς ὅπλοις μάθησις Pl. La. 190d ; also οὐδὲν δεινὸν μὴ ἐν ἐμοὶ στῇ stop with me, Id. Ap. 28b .

8). in a pregnant construction with Verbs of motion, into; implying both motion to and subsequent position in a place, ἐν κονίῃσι χαμαὶ πέσεν fell [to the dust and lay] in it, Il. 4.482 , etc.; βάλον ἐν κονίῃσι 5.588 ; νηῒ δ’ ἐνὶ πρύμνῃ ἔναρα θῆκ’ 10.570 ; ἐν χερσὶ τιθέναι 1.441 , etc.; ἐν χερσὶ βαλεῖν 5.574 ; ἐν στήθεσσι μένος βαλεῖν ib. 513 ; ἐν Τρωσὶν ὄρουσαν 16.258 ; ἐν χερσὶ πεσέειν 6.81 ; λέων ἐν βουσὶ θορών 5.161 ; ἐν δ’ οἶνον ἔχευεν ἐν δέπαϊ χρυσέῳ Od. 20.261 ; ἐν τεύχεσσιν ἔδυνον Il. 23.131 : in Trag. and Att., ἐν ποίμναις πίτνων S. Aj. 184 (lyr.), cf. 374 (lyr.); ἐν χωρίῳ ἐμπεπτωκώς Th. 7.87 ; ἡ ἐν τῷ Σπειραίῳ τῶν νεῶν καταφυγή Id. 8.11 ; ἐν τόπῳ καταπεφευγέναι Pl. Sph. 260c ; ἐν ᾅδου διαπορευθείς Id. Lg. 905b ; ῥιπτοῦντες σφᾶς ἐν τῇ θαλάσσῃ Arr. An. 1.19.4 ; later, with Verbs of coming and going, διαβάντες ἐν τῇ Σάμῳ Paus. 7.4.3 , cf. LXX To. 5.5 , Arr. Epict. 1.11.32 , etc.: τὸν ἐν Σικελίᾳ πλοῦν is f.l. in Lys. 19.43 codd.

9). πίνειν ἐν ποτηρίῳ to drink from a cup, Luc. DDeor. 6.2 ; ἐν ἀργύρῳ πίνειν Id. Merc.Cond. 26 ; ἐν μικροῖς D.L. 1.104 .

10). ἄργυρος ἐν ἐκπώμασι silver in the form of plate, Plu. 2.260a ; ἐμ φέρνῃ, ἐν θέματι, as a dowry, pledge, PPetr. 1p.37 , PTeb. 120.125 (i B. C.).

11). in citations, ἐν τοῦ σκήπτρου τῇ παραδόσει in the passage of the Il. describing this, Th. 1.9 , cf. Pl. Tht. 147c , Phlb. 33b .

II). OF STATE, CONDITION or POSITION:

1). of outward circumstances, ἐν πολέμῳ Od. 10.553 ; ἐν δαιτί Il. 4.259 ; ἐν καρὸς αἴσῃ 9.378 ; ἐν μοίρῃ Od. 22.54 ; οὑμὸς ἐν φάει βίος E. Ph. 1281 ; ἐν γένει εἶναί τινι to be related to .., S. OT 1016 ; of occupations, pursuits, ἐν φιλοσοφίᾳ εἶναι to be engaged in philosophy, Pl. Phd. 59a , cf. R. 489b ; οἱ ἐν ποιήσι γενόμενοι poets, Hdt. 2.82 ; οἱ ἐν τοῖς πράγμασι ministers of state, Th. 3.28 ; οἱ ἐν τέλει the magistrates, Id. 7.73 , etc.; τοὺς ἐν ταῖς μοναρχίαις ὄντας Isoc. 2.5 ; ὁ ἐν ταῖς προσόδοις PPetr. 1p.62 ; ὁ μάντις ἦν ἐν τῇ τέχνῃ in the practice of it, S. OT 562 .

2). of inward states, of feeling, etc., ἐν φιλότητι, ἐν δοιῇ, Il. 7.302 , 9.230 ; ἐν φόβῳ γενέσθαι Pl. R. 578e ; οὐκ ἐν αἰσχύνῃ τὰ σά E. Ph. 1276 ; ἐν σιωπῇ τἀμά Id. Ion 1397 ; ἐν ὀργῇ ἔχειν τινά to make him the object of one's anger, Th. 2.21 ; ἐν ἔριδι εἶναι ibid.; ἐν αἰτίᾳ σχεῖν τινά to blame him, Hdt. 5.106 ; ἐν αἰτίᾳ βαλεῖν S. OT 656 (lyr.); ἐν αἰτίᾳ εἶναι to have the blame, X. Mem. 2.8.9 , etc.; οἱ ἐν ταῖς αἰτίαις D. Ep. 2.14 .

3). freq. with neut. Adj., ἐν βραχεῖ, = βραχέως , S. El. 673 ; ἐν τάχει, = ταχέως , Id. OT 765 , etc.; ἐν καλῷ ἐστί, = καλῶς ἔχει , E. Heracl. 971 ; ἐν ἀσφαλεῖ [ἐστί] Id. IT 762 ; ἐν εὐμαρεῖ [ἐστί] Id. Hel. 1227 ; ἐν ἐλαφρῷ ποιήσασθαι Hdt. 3.154 ; ἐν ἴσῳ, = ἴσως, ἐν ὁμοίῳ , = ὁμοίως , Th. 2.53 : less freq. in pl., ἐν ἀργοῖς, = ἀργῶς , S. OT 287 ; ἐν κενοῖς, = κενῶς , Id. Aj. 971 : with a Subst., ἐν δίκᾳ, = δικαίως , opp. παρὰ δίκαν, Pi. O. 2.16 , cf. S. Tr. 1069 , Ar. Eq. 258 , Pl. R. 475c , al.; ἦσαν οὐκέτι ὁμοίως ἐν ἡδονῇ ἄρχοντες Th. 1.99 , cf. Pl. Epin. 977b .

III). OF THE INSTRUMENT, MEANS or MANNER, ἐν πυρὶ πρήσαντες Il. 7.429 ; δῆσαι ἐνὶ δεσμῷ 5.386 , cf. Od. 12.54 , etc.; but in most cases the orig. sense may be traced, to put in the fire and burn, infetters and bind, etc.; so ἐν πόνοις δαμέντα A. Pr. 425 (lyr.); ἔζευξα πρῶτος ἐν ζυγοῖσι κνώδαλα ib. 462 ; ἔργον ἐν κύβοις Ἄρης κρινεῖ Id. Th. 414 ; also ἐν ὀφθαλμοῖσιν or ἐν ὄμμασιν ὁρᾶσθαι, ἰδέσθαι, to see with or before one's eyes, i.e. have the object in one's eye, Il. 3.306 , Od. 10.385 , etc.; ἔν τε τῇ ὄψει διαγιγνώσκειν καὶ ἐν τῇ ἀκοῇ Pl. Tht. 206a ; also ἐν ὠσὶ νωμῶν ὄρνιθας A. Th. 25 ; also ἐν λιταῖς by prayers, S. Ph. 60 ; ἐν δόλῳ by deceit, ib. 102 ; ἐν λόγοις by words, A. Ch. 613 (lyr.); ἀπέκτειναν ἐν τῇ προφάσει ταύτῃ Lys. 13.12 , cf. Antipho 5.59 ; ψαύειν ἐν κερτομίοις γλώσσαις S. Ant. 961 (lyr.); ἐν τοῖς ὁμοίοις νόμοις ποιήσαντες τὰς κρίσεις Th. 1.77 ; esp. with Verbs of showing, σημαίνειν ἐν ἱεροῖς καὶ οἰωνοῖς X. Cyr. 8.7.3 ; τὰ πραχθέντα .. ἐν .. ἐπιστολαῖς ἴστε ye know by letters, Th. 7.11 ; ἐν τῇδε ῥάβδῳ πάντα ποιήσεις Ezek. Exag. 132 , cf. PMag.Osl. 1.108 .

2). of a personal instrument, ἐν τῷ ἄρχοντι τῶν δαιμονίων ἐκβάλλει τὰ δαιμόνια Ev.Matt. 9.34 .

IV). OF TIME, ὥρῃ ἐν εἰαρινῇ Il. 16.643 ; ἐν νυκτί Hdt. 6.69 , X. Smp. 1.9 ; ἐν χρόνῳ μακρῷ S. Ph. 235 , OC 88 ; ἐν τούτῳ (sc. τῷ χρόνῶ) in this space of time, Hdt. 1.126 , etc.; ἐν ᾧ (sc. χρόνῳ) during the time that, S. Tr. 929 , etc. (also ἐν οἷς Arist. Mu. 391a2 ); ἐν ὅσῳ Th. 3.28 ; ἐν ταῖς σπονδαῖς in the time of the truce, X. An. 3.1.1 ; ἐν τῇ ἑορτῇ Th. 7.73 (but in some phrases the ἐν is omitted, as μυστηρίοις in the course of the mysteries, Ar. Pl. 1013 ; τραγῳδοῖς at the performance of .., Aeschin. 3.36 ).

b). ἐν ἄρχοντι Μητροδώρῳ during the archonship of M., IG 7.1773 (Thebes, ii A. D.); ἐν ἄρχοντι Σύλλᾳ ib. 3.113 .

2). in, within, ἐν ἡμέρῃ Hdt. 1.126 ; ἐν ἔτεσι πεντήκοντα Th. 1.118 ; ἐν τρισὶ μησί X. HG 1.1.37 , etc.; μυρίαις ἐν ἁμέραις in, i.e. after, countless days, E. Ph. 305 (lyr.); ἐν ἡμέραις πολλαῖς νοσῆσαι Procop. Arc. 9.35 .

V). OF NUMBERS generally, ἐν δυσὶ σταδίοις within two stadia, D.S. 20.74 , cf. 19.39 , dub. in Th. 6.1 .

2). with gen. of price, ἐν δύο ταλάντων LXX 3 Ki. 16.24 .

3). amounting to, προῖκα ἐν δραχμαῖς ἐννακοσίαις BGU 970.14 (ii A. D.), etc.

B). WITH Acc., into, on, for, Arc. ἰν, νόμος ἰν ἄματα πάντα IG 5 ( 2 ). 5 ; γράψαι ἐν χάλκωμα ib. 511 ; ἐν πελτοφόρας ἀπεγράψατο ib. 7.210 (Aegosthenae), etc.; also poet., ἐν πάντα νόμον Pi. P. 2.86 .

C). WITHOUT CASE, AS ADVERB, in the phrase ἐν δέ ..,

1). and therein, Il. 9.361 ; ἐν μέν .. ἐν δέ Od. 13.244 .

2). and among them, Il. 2.588 , etc.; in Hdt., mostly ἐν δὲ δή .. 3.39 , 5.95 ; or ἐν δὲ καί .. 2.43 , 172 , 176 .

3). and besides, moreover (not in Att. Prose), S. Aj. 675 , OT 181 (lyr.), al.; ἐν δ’ ὑπέρας τε κάλους τε πόδας τ’ ἐνέδησεν ἐν αὐτῇ Od. 5.260 .

4). ἔνι, = ἔνεστι, ἔνεισι , Il. 20.248 , etc.

D). POSITION: ἐν freq. stands between its Subst. and the Adj. agreeing therewith, Il. 22.61 , B. 5.41 , etc.: without an Adj., τῷ δ’ ἐν ἐρινεός ἐστι μέγας Od. 12.103 : most freq. in Hom. in the form ἐνί, which is then written by anastrophe ἔνι, Il. 7.221 , Od. 5.57 ; in Pi. between Subst. and gen., χόρτοις ἐν λέοντος O. 13.44 , al.--One or more independent words sts. come between the Prep. and its dat., as in Od. 11.115 ; also in Prose, Hdt. 6.69 .

E). IN COMPO S.,

I). with Verbs, the Prep. mostly retains its sense of being in or at a place, etc., c. dat., or folld. by εἰς .., or ἐν ..: in such forms as ἐνορᾶν τινί τι, in translating, we resolve the compd., to remark a thing in one.

b). also, at a person, ἐγγελᾶν, ἐνυβρίζειν τινί.

2). with Adjs., it expresses

a). a modified degree, as in ἔμπηλος, ἔμπικρος, ἔνσιμος, rather .. .

b). the possession of a quality, as in ἔναιμος with blood in it, ἐνάκανθος thorny: ἔμφωνος with a voice: ἔννομος in accordance with law, etc.

II). ἐν becomes ἐμ- before the labials β μ π φ ψ; ἐγ- before the gutturals γ κ ξ Χ; ἐλ- before λ; ἐρ- before ρ; rarely ἐς- before ς; but Inscrr. and Papyri often preserve ἐν- in all these cases.