A). turn, turning:

I). τροπαὶ ἠελίοιο:

a). ὅθι τροπαὶ ἠελίοιο apparently denotes a point on the horizon, prob. the West or place where the sun sets (so Eust. 1787.20 ), Od. 15.404 .

b). each of two fixed points in the solar year, the solstices, first in Hes., ἠελίοιο τροπῇς at the time of the (winter) solstice, Op. 479 ; μετὰ τροπὰς ἠελ. ib. 564 , 663 (with Dor. acc. pl. in -ᾰς) ; πεδὰ τὰς τροπάς Alcm. 33.5 :—later the two solstices were distinguished as τροπαὶ θεριναί and χειμεριναί, Hdt. 2.19 , Th. 7.16 , Pl. Lg. 767c , Arist. HA 542b4 sqq., Gal. 6.405 , etc. (rarely in sg., τροπὴ θερινή Arist. Mete. 364b2 , Gem. 1.13 ; τ. χειμερινή ib. 15 ); τροπαὶ νότιοι Arist. HA 542b11 ; τ. βόρειοι, νότιοι, Plu. 2.601a :—when τροπαί is used alone, it mostly refers to the winter solstice, but the sense is always determined by the context, v. Hes. ll. cc.; περὶ ἡλίου τροπάς (sc. χειμερινάς) Th. 8.39 ; εὐθὺς ἐκ τροπῶν Arist. HA 542b20 :—sts. also of other heavenly bodies, Pl. Ti. 39d ; περὶ Πλειάδος δύσιν καὶ τροπάς Arist. HA 542b23 , etc.; ἄστρων ἐπιτολάς, δύσεις, τροπάς Alex. 30.5 ; τροπὰς τῶν ἐνδεδεμένων ἄστρων Arist. Cael. 296b4 ; τροπαὶ ἡλίου καὶ σελήνης Epicur. Ep. 2p.40U. :—sts. four in number (the two equinoxes and two solstices), S.E. M. 5.11 , Gal. 17(1).22 ; so (on a sun-dial) θερινὴ τ., ἰσημερινὴ τ., χειμερινὴ τ., Ἀρχ.Δελτ. 12.236 (Samos).

2). turn, change, Arist. Pol. 1316a17 ; πλείους τραπόμενος τροπὰς τοῦ Εὐρίπου Aeschin. 3.90 ; τ. πρὸς τὸ βέλτιον turn for the better, Phld. Rh. 2.25S.; ὀξυτέρας τρεπόμενος τ. τοῦ χαμαιλέοντος Plu. Alc. 23 ; αἱ τοῦ κόλακος ὥσπερ πολύποδος τ. Id. 2.52f ; αἱ τῶ αἵματος τ. καὶ ἀλλοιώσιες Ti.Locr. 102c ; αἱ περὶ τὸν ἀέρα τ. changes in the air or weather, Plu. 2.946f ; of wine, a turning sour, ib. 939f (cf. τροπίας); going bad, of food, τ. καὶ διαφθορὰ τῶν παρακειμένων Gal. 19.208 ; of phonetic change in language, A.D. Adv. 210.4 , Hdn.Gr. 2.932 .

3). τροπαὶ λέξεως a change of speech by figures or tropes (τρόποι), Luc. Dem.Enc. 6 , cf. Hermog. Inv. 4.10 , al.

4). αἱ τροπαί, = αἱ τροπαῖαι , alternating winds, Arist. Pr. 940b16 , 21 , Thphr. CP 2.3.1 , Vent. 26 .

II). the turning about of the enemy, putting to flight or routing him, τροπήν (or τροπάς) τινος ποιεῖν or ποιεῖσθαι put one to flight, Hdt. 1.30 , Ar. Eq. 246 (troch.), Th. 2.19 , 6.69 , etc.; οἵαν ἂν τροπὴν Εὐρυσθέως θείμην (θείην codd.) E. Heracl. 743 ; τροπὴ γινομένη Hdt. 7.167 , cf. Th. 1.49 , 50 , etc.: poet., ἐν μάχης τροπῇ A. Ag. 1237 ; ἐν τροπῇ δορός in the rout caused by the spear, S. Aj. 1275 , E. Rh. 82 .

III). used by Democr. for θέσις, position, Arist. Metaph. 985b17 , 1042b14 , cf. Plot. 4.5.2 , 4.5.6 .

IV). a coin, Hsch.; cf. τροπαϊκόν.