πρός
Scaife ATLAS
Cambridge Greek Lexicon
ShortDef
(w. gen.) from; (w. dat.) at, near, in addition to; (w. acc.) to, toward, regarding
Debugging
Headword:
πρός
Headword (normalized):
πρός
Headword (normalized/stripped):
προς
Intro Text:
IDX:
34503
URN:
urn:cite2:scaife-viewer:dictionary-entries.atlas_v1:cambridge-greek-lexicon-34504
Key:
Senses and Citations (From Data)
Citations (From Models)
No citations.
Data
{ "headword": "πρός", "data": { "headword_display": "<b>πρός</b>", "content": "<FE><HG><HL>πρός</HL><DL><Lbl>ep. and dial.</Lbl><FmHL>προτί<and/>ποτί</FmHL></DL><DL><Lbl>also dial.</Lbl><FmHL>πότ</FmHL></DL><PS>prep</PS></HG><FG><Case><Lbl><Gr>πότ</Gr> sts. written in combination w. following wd., e.g. <Gr>ποττάν<Expl>for <Gr>πρὸς τάν</Gr></Expl></Gr></Lbl></Case><Case><Lbl><GLbl>w.acc., gen.<and/>dat.</GLbl></Lbl></Case></FG><NPS><Lbl><bold>A</bold></Lbl><FG><Case><Lbl>space or location</Lbl></Case></FG><advS1><Def>up against and in contact</Def><advS2><Indic>ref. to clasping or clinging</Indic><Tr>to</Tr><Cmpl><GLbl>w.dat.</GLbl>someone or sthg.<Au>Hom.<NBPlus/></Au></Cmpl></advS2></advS1><advS1><Def>bordering on</Def><Tr>by</Tr><Cmpl><GLbl>w.dat.</GLbl>a country, the sea<Au>Th. X.</Au></Cmpl><Cmpl><GLbl>w.acc.</GLbl>the sea<Au>NT.</Au></Cmpl></advS1> <advS1><Tr>at</Tr><Cmpl><GLbl>w.dat.</GLbl>a location<Au>Hom.<NBPlus/></Au></Cmpl><XR>for <Ref>πρὸς ποσί</Ref> (<ital>fig.</ital>) <ital>at one's feet</ital> see<Ref>πούς</Ref> 8</XR></advS1><advS1><Tr>close to, near</Tr><Cmpl><GLbl>w.dat.</GLbl>someone, land, sea<Au>S. Th. Men.</Au></Cmpl></advS1><advS1><Tr>on the point of</Tr><Cmpl><GLbl>w.dat.</GLbl>an activity<Expl>i.e. doing it</Expl><Au>S.</Au></Cmpl></advS1><advS1><Tr>in</Tr><Cmpl><GLbl>w.dat.</GLbl>a state of affairs<Au>S.</Au></Cmpl></advS1><advS1><Tr>in the presence of, before</Tr><Cmpl><GLbl>w.dat.</GLbl>a judge or magistrate<Au>D.</Au></Cmpl></advS1></NPS><NPS><Lbl><bold>B</bold></Lbl><FG><Case><Lbl>direction</Lbl></Case></FG> <advS1><Def>on the side of or in the direction of</Def><Tr>facing</Tr><Cmpl><GLbl>w.acc.<or/>gen.</GLbl>a location, peoples, west, or sim.<Au>Hom.<NBPlus/></Au></Cmpl></advS1><advS1><Indic>ref. to looking</Indic><Def>in the direction of</Def><Tr>towards</Tr><Cmpl><GLbl>w.acc.</GLbl>someone or sthg.<Au>Od.<NBPlus/></Au></Cmpl></advS1><advS1><Indic>ref. to speaking, replying, or sim.</Indic><Tr>to</Tr><Cmpl><GLbl>w.acc.</GLbl>someone<Au>Hom.<NBPlus/></Au></Cmpl><advS2><Indic>ref. to lamenting</Indic><Tr>towards</Tr><Cmpl><GLbl>w.acc.</GLbl>heaven<Au>Il.</Au></Cmpl></advS2></advS1> <advS1><Indic>ref. to fighting or sim.</Indic><Tr>against</Tr><Cmpl><GLbl>w.acc.</GLbl>someone<Expl>esp. an enemy</Expl><Au>Il.<NBPlus/></Au></Cmpl><XR>for <Gr>πρὸς κέντρα</Gr> <ital>against the pricks</ital> see<Ref>κέντρον</Ref> 1</XR></advS1><advS1><Indic>ref. to struggling</Indic><Def>in the face of</Def><Tr>against</Tr><Cmpl><GLbl>w.dat.</GLbl>high seas<Au>A.</Au></Cmpl></advS1></NPS><NPS><Lbl><bold>C</bold></Lbl><FG><Case><Lbl>movt.</Lbl></Case></FG> <advS1><Def>in the direction of</Def><Tr>towards</Tr><Cmpl><GLbl>w.acc.</GLbl>someone or sthg.<Au>Hom.<NBPlus/></Au></Cmpl><XR>see also<Ref>αἶπος</Ref> 2, <Ref>ἀνάντης</Ref> 3, <Ref>λέπας</Ref>, <Ref>ὄπισθε(ν)</Ref> 4, <Ref>ὄρθιος</Ref> 2, <Ref>σιμός</Ref> 5</XR></advS1><advS1><Def>all the way to<Expl>so as to reach</Expl></Def><Tr>to</Tr><Cmpl><GLbl>w.acc.</GLbl>someone or sthg.<Au>Hom.<NBPlus/></Au></Cmpl><advS2><Indic>ref. to coming to sit down</Indic><Tr>at</Tr><Cmpl><GLbl>w.acc.</GLbl>an altar, someone's knees<Au>Od.</Au></Cmpl></advS2></advS1><advS1><Def>all the way to<Expl>so as to be in contact with</Expl></Def><Tr>against</Tr><Cmpl><GLbl>w.acc.</GLbl>sthg.<Au>Hom.<NBPlus/></Au></Cmpl><Cmpl><GLbl>w.acc.<or/>dat.</GLbl>rocks<Au>Od.</Au></Cmpl><advS2><Indic>ref. to misery alighting</Indic><Tr>upon</Tr><Cmpl><GLbl>w.acc.</GLbl>someone<Au>A.</Au></Cmpl></advS2></advS1> <advS1><Indic>ref. to wounding or sim.</Indic><Tr>in, at</Tr><Cmpl><GLbl>w.acc.</GLbl>a part of the body<Au>Hom.</Au></Cmpl></advS1> <advS1><Def>all the way down to<Expl>so as to be in contact with</Expl></Def><Tr>down to<or/>upon, against</Tr><Cmpl><GLbl>w.dat.</GLbl>the ground<Au>Hom.</Au></Cmpl></advS1><advS1><Indic>ref. to tearing the skin</Indic><Tr>against</Tr><Cmpl><GLbl>w.dat.</GLbl>rocks<Au>Od.</Au></Cmpl><advS2><Indic>ref. to forging sthg.</Indic><Tr>on</Tr><Cmpl><GLbl>w.dat.</GLbl>an anvil<Au>Pi.</Au></Cmpl></advS2></advS1><advS1><Indic>ref. to inviting someone</Indic><Tr>to</Tr><Cmpl><GLbl>w.acc.</GLbl>dinner<Au>Plu.</Au></Cmpl></advS1> <advS1><Indic>ref. to things leading</Indic><Tr>to</Tr><Cmpl><GLbl>w.acc.</GLbl>good repute<Au>Arist.</Au></Cmpl></advS1></NPS><NPS><Lbl><bold>D</bold></Lbl><FG><Case><Lbl>time</Lbl></Case></FG> <advS1><Tr>towards, near to</Tr><Cmpl><GLbl>w.acc.</GLbl>evening, dawn, daytime<Au>Od.<NBPlus/></Au></Cmpl><XR>see<Ref>ἑσπέρα</Ref> 1, <Ref>ἡμέρα</Ref> 1</XR></advS1><advS1><Tr>at the approach of</Tr><Cmpl><GLbl>w.acc.</GLbl>the bloom of youth, old age<Au>Pi. E. Pl.</Au></Cmpl></advS1> <advS1><Tr>in</Tr><Cmpl><GLbl>w.dat.</GLbl>old age<Au>Ibyc.</Au></Cmpl></advS1></NPS><NPS><Lbl><bold>E</bold></Lbl><FG><Case><Lbl>origin</Lbl></Case></FG> <advS1><Indic>ref. to arriving</Indic><Tr>from</Tr><Cmpl><GLbl>w.gen.</GLbl>a location<Au>Od.</Au></Cmpl></advS1><advS1><Indic>specif., ref. to a guest arriving</Indic><Tr>from</Tr><Cmpl><GLbl>w.gen.</GLbl>Zeus<Expl>i.e. under his protection</Expl><Au>Od.</Au></Cmpl></advS1><advS1><Indic>ref. to obtaining or inheriting</Indic><Tr>from</Tr><Cmpl><GLbl>w.gen.</GLbl>a person or god<Au>Hom.<NBPlus/></Au></Cmpl></advS1> <advS1><Indic>ref. to learning or hearing</Indic><Tr>from</Tr><Cmpl><GLbl>w.gen.</GLbl>someone<Au>Il.<NBPlus/></Au></Cmpl></advS1> <advS1><Indic>ref. to being descended fr. someone</Indic><Tr>on the side of</Tr><Cmpl><GLbl>w.gen.</GLbl>one's father or mother<Au>Hdt. Isoc. D.</Au></Cmpl><advS2><Tr>in the line of</Tr><Cmpl><GLbl>w.gen.</GLbl>men or women<Expl>i.e. in the male or female line</Expl><Au>Isoc. Pl. D.</Au></Cmpl></advS2></advS1><advS1><Def>characteristically deriving from or belonging to</Def><Tr>in the nature<or/>way of, characteristic of, like</Tr><Cmpl><GLbl>w.gen.</GLbl>someone or sthg.<Au>Hdt. Trag. Ar.<NBPlus/></Au></Cmpl></advS1></NPS><NPS><Lbl><bold>F</bold></Lbl><FG><Case><Lbl>agency or cause</Lbl></Case></FG><advS1><Def>by the agency of</Def><Tr>by, at the hands of, from, through</Tr><Cmpl><GLbl>w.gen.</GLbl>someone or sthg.<Au>Il.<NBPlus/></Au></Cmpl></advS1><advS1><Tr>at the instigation of</Tr><Cmpl><GLbl>w.gen.</GLbl>someone<Au>Il.</Au></Cmpl></advS1><advS1><Tr>by reason of, because of</Tr><Cmpl><GLbl>w.gen.</GLbl>sthg.<Au>S.</Au></Cmpl></advS1></NPS><NPS><Lbl><bold>G</bold></Lbl><FG><Case><Lbl>relationship</Lbl></Case></FG> <advS1><Tr>in respect of, in relation to</Tr><Cmpl><GLbl>w.acc.</GLbl>someone or sthg.<Au>Pi. Hdt. Trag. Th.<NBPlus/></Au></Cmpl><XR>for <Gr>πρὸς ταῦτα</Gr> <ital>in view of this, therefore</ital> see<Ref>οὗτος</Ref> 11</XR></advS1><advS1><Indic>ref. to measuring the time allowed for a speech</Indic><Def>with reference to</Def><Tr>by</Tr><Cmpl><GLbl>w.acc.</GLbl>a number of water jars or an amount of water<Au>Aeschin. Arist.</Au></Cmpl></advS1><advS1><Indic>ref. to living</Indic><Tr>in dependence upon</Tr><Cmpl><GLbl>w.acc.</GLbl>someone<Au>Arist.</Au></Cmpl></advS1> <advS1><Indic>ref. to having affection, enmity, or sim.</Indic><Tr>towards</Tr><Cmpl><GLbl>w.acc.</GLbl>someone<Au>Pi. Trag.<NBPlus/></Au></Cmpl></advS1><advS1><Indic>ref. to being occupied</Indic><Tr>with</Tr><Cmpl><GLbl>w.dat.</GLbl>sthg.<Au>Pl. Aeschin. Plb.</Au></Cmpl></advS1><advS1><Indic>ref. to being engaged</Indic><Tr>in</Tr><Cmpl><GLbl>w.dat.</GLbl>an activity<Au>X. D.</Au></Cmpl><Cmpl><GLbl>w.acc.</GLbl><Au>Plb. Plu.</Au></Cmpl></advS1></NPS><NPS><Lbl><bold>H</bold></Lbl><FG><Case><Lbl>purpose or result</Lbl></Case></FG><advS1><Tr>with a view to, for</Tr><Cmpl><GLbl>w.acc.</GLbl>some end<Au>S. E. Pl. X.<NBPlus/></Au></Cmpl><XR>(phrs.) <Gr>πρὸς ἔπος</Gr> and <Gr>πρὸς λόγον</Gr> <ital>to the point</ital>, <Gr>πρὸς καιρόν</Gr> and <Gr>πρὸς τὸ καίριον</Gr> (<ital>i.e. appropriately, effectively</ital>), <Gr>πρὸς χάριν</Gr> <ital>with the aim or effect of pleasing</ital> (see <Ref>ἔπος</Ref> 6, <Ref>λόγος</Ref> 23, <Ref>καιρός</Ref> 3, <Ref>καίριος</Ref> 4, <Ref>χάρις</Ref> 11)</XR></advS1></NPS><NPS><Lbl><bold>I</bold></Lbl><FG><Case><Lbl>advantage or benefit</Lbl></Case></FG><advS1><Tr>to the advantage of</Tr><Cmpl><GLbl>w.gen.</GLbl>someone<Au>Hdt. Trag.<NBPlus/></Au></Cmpl><Cmpl>one's glory, argument<Au>Th. Pl.</Au></Cmpl></advS1><advS1><Tr>on the side of, in support of</Tr><Cmpl><GLbl>w.gen.</GLbl>someone<Au>A. Hdt. E. Pl.</Au></Cmpl></advS1></NPS><NPS><Lbl><bold>J</bold></Lbl><FG><Case><Lbl>swearing, witnessing, judging</Lbl></Case></FG><advS1><Indic>ref. to swearing or supplicating</Indic><Def>in the name of</Def><Tr>by</Tr><Cmpl><GLbl>w.gen.</GLbl>a divinity, person, part of the body, or sim.<Au>Od.<NBPlus/></Au></Cmpl></advS1><advS1><Indic>ref. to bearing witness</Indic><Tr>in the presence of, before</Tr><Cmpl><GLbl>w.gen.</GLbl>a person or god<Au>Il.</Au></Cmpl></advS1><advS1><Def>in the judgement of</Def><Tr>in the eyes of</Tr><Cmpl><GLbl>w.gen.</GLbl>a person or god<Au>Hom.<NBPlus/></Au></Cmpl></advS1></NPS><NPS><Lbl><bold>K</bold></Lbl><FG><Case><Lbl>attendant circumstances</Lbl></Case></FG><advS1><Tr>to the accompaniment of</Tr><Cmpl><GLbl>w.acc.</GLbl>a musical instrument<Au>Archil. Pi. E. X.<NBPlus/></Au></Cmpl></advS1> <advS1><Tr>by the light of</Tr><Cmpl><GLbl>w.acc.</GLbl>the sun, moon, day, a lamp, torch<Au>Th. And. Ar. X.<NBPlus/></Au></Cmpl></advS1><advS1><Tr>in accordance with</Tr><Cmpl><GLbl>w.gen.</GLbl>justice, impiety<Au>Trag.</Au></Cmpl><advS2><Tr>consistent with</Tr><Cmpl><GLbl>w.gen.</GLbl>someone's reputation<Au>Th.</Au></Cmpl></advS2><XR>see also<Ref>τρόπος</Ref> 6</XR></advS1><advS1><Tr>in a state of</Tr><Cmpl><GLbl>w.dat.</GLbl>fear<Au>Plu.</Au></Cmpl></advS1> <advS1><Phr><Indic>phrs.</Indic><Gr>πρὸς βίαν</Gr><TrPhr>through force, violence or defiance</TrPhr><Gr>πρὸς καιρόν</Gr><TrPhr>on the spur of the moment</TrPhr><Gr>πρὸς τὸ λιπαρές</Gr><TrPhr>insistently</TrPhr><Gr>πρὸς μέρος</Gr><TrPhr>proportionately<Expl><rom>see <Ref>βία</Ref> 14, <Ref>καιρός</Ref> 7, <Ref>λιπαρής</Ref> 5, <Ref>μέρος</Ref> 15</rom></Expl></TrPhr></Phr></advS1></NPS><NPS><Lbl><bold>L</bold></Lbl><FG><Case><Lbl>addition</Lbl></Case></FG> <advS1><Tr>in addition to, as well as</Tr><Cmpl><GLbl>w.dat.</GLbl>sthg.<Au>Od.<NBPlus/></Au></Cmpl><Phr><Indic>phr.</Indic><Gr>πρὸς τούτοις</Gr><TrPhr>on top of that, in addition<Expl><rom>see <Ref>οὗτος</Ref> 11</rom></Expl></TrPhr></Phr><advS2><Indic>w.vb. of adding</Indic><Tr>to</Tr><Cmpl><GLbl>w.acc.</GLbl>sthg.<Au>Hdt. Ar. Pl.<NBPlus/></Au></Cmpl></advS2></advS1><advS1><Indic>as adv.</Indic><Tr>in addition, furthermore, besides</Tr><Au>Hom.<NBPlus/></Au></advS1></NPS><NPS><Lbl><bold>M</bold></Lbl><FG><Case><Lbl>exchange or reciprocal relations</Lbl></Case></FG><advS1><Indic>ref. to making an exchange or agreement</Indic><Tr>with</Tr><Cmpl><GLbl>w.acc.</GLbl>someone<Au>Il. Hdt. Th.<NBPlus/></Au></Cmpl></advS1><advS1><Indic>ref. to exchanging sthg.</Indic><Tr>for</Tr><Cmpl><GLbl>w.acc.</GLbl>sthg. else<Au>Pl.</Au></Cmpl></advS1></NPS><NPS><Lbl><bold>N</bold></Lbl><FG><Case><Lbl>comparison or relation</Lbl></Case></FG><advS1><Indic>ref. to comparing sthg.</Indic><Tr>with</Tr><Cmpl><GLbl>w.acc.</GLbl>sthg. else<Au>Hdt.</Au></Cmpl><advS2><Indic>without a vb. expressing comparison</Indic><Tr>compared with</Tr><Cmpl><GLbl>w.acc.</GLbl>someone<Au>Hdt. Th. Pl.</Au></Cmpl></advS2><XR>(phr.) <Gr>ἓν πρὸς ἕν</Gr> <ital>in a one-to-one comparison</ital> (see <Ref>εἷς</Ref> 9)</XR></advS1><advS1><Indic>ref. to judging or sim.</Indic><Tr>in relation to</Tr><Cmpl><GLbl>w.acc.</GLbl>a criterion<Au>Emp. E. Isoc.<NBPlus/></Au></Cmpl></advS1></NPS><NPS><Lbl><bold>O</bold></Lbl><FG><Case><Lbl>approximation</Lbl></Case></FG> <advS1><Tr>close to, about</Tr><Cmpl><GLbl>w.acc.</GLbl>a certain number<Au>X. Plb.</Au></Cmpl></advS1></NPS> </FE>", "key": "πρός" }, "senses": [], "citations": [], "urn": "urn:cite2:scaife-viewer:dictionary-entries.atlas_v1:cambridge-greek-lexicon-34504" }