περ — Cambridge Greek Lexicon

περ1enclit.pclreltd.περίThe pcl. adds emphasis of various kinds. In sections 1–4 it is mainly confined to Hom.; in section 5 it is used more widely in poetry and by Hdt.; with conjs. (section 6) it is sts. used in prose authors.intensv.very muchHom. Thgn.ἐλεεινότερός περmore pitiable by farIl.πρῶτόν περthe very first timeIl.w.neg.οὔ περnot at allHom. hHom. determinative, concentrating attention on one thing to the exclusion of an alternativeHom. Hes. Theoc.οἴκαδέ περhomewardsand nowhere elseIl.ἀμφότεροί περbothopp. one onlyIl. limitativeat leastHom.τόδε πέρ μοι ἐπικρήηνον ἐέλδωρgrant me this request at leastIl.νῦν δή περnow at any rateOd.contrastive, appearing in 1st or 2nd cl.Hom.ἄλλοτέ περ ... νῦν δέat one time ... but nowIl.κεῖνον μὲν ... ἡμεῖς δ᾿ αὐτοί περhim ... but we ourselvesIl. concessive, esp. w.ptcpl.however much, even thoughHom.φράδμων περhowever shrewdIl.πέμπω ... ὀψέ περI send ... however latePi.γυνή περ οὖσαalthough a womanA.ἀσκευής περ ἐώνalthough being unequippedHdt.also καὶ ... περκαὶ ἀχνύμενοί περalthough grievingIl.καὶ θεός περalthough a godA.neg., w. οὐδέοὐ τέθνηκας οὐδέ περ θανώνalthough dead, you have not diedA.see alsoκαίπερreinforcing, w. conditional, compar., relatv. and temporal conjs., sts. w. other wds. interveningεἴ περ, ἤ περ, ὅς περ, οἷός περ, ὥς περ, ἔνθα περ, ὅτε περor sim.Hom.see alsoεἴπερἤπερὅσπερ

ShortDef

precisely; w. pple. even though (later καίπερ)

Debugging

Headword:

περ

Headword (normalized):

περ

Headword (normalized/stripped):

περ

Intro Text:

IDX:

31935

URN:

urn:cite2:scaife-viewer:dictionary-entries.atlas_v1:cambridge-greek-lexicon-31936

Key:

Senses and Citations (From Data)

Citations (From Models)

No citations.

Data

{
  "headword": "περ",
  "data": {
    "headword_display": "<b>περ</b><sup>1</sup>",
    "content": "<AdvE><vHG><HL>περ<Hm>1</Hm></HL><PS>enclit.pcl</PS><Ety>reltd.<Ref>περί</Ref></Ety></vHG><FG><Tns><Lbl>The pcl. adds emphasis of various kinds. In sections 1–4 it is mainly confined to <Au>Hom.</Au>; in section 5 it is used more widely in poetry and by <Au>Hdt.</Au>; with conjs. (section 6) it is sts. used in prose authors.</Lbl></Tns></FG><advS1><Indic>intensv.</Indic><Tr>very much</Tr><Au>Hom. Thgn.</Au><AdvPhr><Gr>ἐλεεινότερός περ</Gr><TrPhr>more pitiable by far</TrPhr><Au>Il.</Au></AdvPhr><AdvPhr><Gr>πρῶτόν περ</Gr><TrPhr>the very first time</TrPhr><Au>Il.</Au></AdvPhr><Phr><Indic>w.neg.</Indic><Gr>οὔ περ</Gr><TrPhr>not at all</TrPhr><Au>Hom. hHom.</Au></Phr></advS1> <advS1><Indic>determinative, concentrating attention on one thing to the exclusion of an alternative</Indic><Au>Hom. Hes. Theoc.</Au><AdvPhr><Gr>οἴκαδέ περ</Gr><TrPhr>homewards<Expl>and nowhere else</Expl></TrPhr><Au>Il.</Au></AdvPhr><AdvPhr><Gr>ἀμφότεροί περ</Gr><TrPhr>both<Expl>opp. one only</Expl></TrPhr><Au>Il.</Au></AdvPhr></advS1> <advS1><Indic>limitative</Indic><Tr>at least</Tr><Au>Hom.</Au><AdvPhr><Gr>τόδε πέρ μοι ἐπικρήηνον ἐέλδωρ</Gr><TrPhr>grant me this request at least</TrPhr><Au>Il.</Au></AdvPhr><AdvPhr><Gr>νῦν δή περ</Gr><TrPhr>now at any rate</TrPhr><Au>Od.</Au></AdvPhr></advS1><advS1><Indic>contrastive, appearing in 1st or 2nd cl.</Indic><Au>Hom.</Au><AdvPhr><Gr>ἄλλοτέ περ ... νῦν δέ</Gr><TrPhr>at one time ... but now</TrPhr><Au>Il.</Au></AdvPhr><AdvPhr><Gr>κεῖνον μὲν ... ἡμεῖς δ᾿ αὐτοί περ</Gr><TrPhr>him ... but we ourselves</TrPhr><Au>Il.</Au></AdvPhr></advS1> <advS1><Indic>concessive, esp. w.ptcpl.</Indic><Tr>however much, even though</Tr><Au>Hom.<NBPlus/></Au><AdvPhr><Gr>φράδμων περ</Gr><TrPhr>however shrewd</TrPhr><Au>Il.</Au></AdvPhr><AdvPhr><Gr>πέμπω ... ὀψέ περ</Gr><TrPhr>I send ... however late</TrPhr><Au>Pi.</Au></AdvPhr><AdvPhr><Gr>γυνή περ οὖσα</Gr><TrPhr>although a woman</TrPhr><Au>A.</Au></AdvPhr><AdvPhr><Gr>ἀσκευής περ ἐών</Gr><TrPhr>although being unequipped</TrPhr><Au>Hdt.</Au></AdvPhr><advS2><Indic>also <Gr>καὶ ... περ</Gr></Indic><AdvPhr><Gr>καὶ ἀχνύμενοί περ</Gr><TrPhr>although grieving</TrPhr><Au>Il.</Au></AdvPhr><AdvPhr><Gr>καὶ θεός περ</Gr><TrPhr>although a god</TrPhr><Au>A.</Au></AdvPhr></advS2><advS2><Indic>neg., w. <Ref>οὐδέ</Ref></Indic><AdvPhr><Gr>οὐ τέθνηκας οὐδέ περ θανών</Gr><TrPhr>although dead, you have not died</TrPhr><Au>A.</Au></AdvPhr></advS2><XR>see also<Ref>καίπερ</Ref></XR></advS1><advS1><Phr><Indic>reinforcing, w. conditional, compar., relatv. and temporal conjs., sts. w. other wds. intervening</Indic><Gr>εἴ περ<rom>,</rom> ἤ περ<rom>,</rom> ὅς περ<rom>,</rom> οἷός περ<rom>,</rom> ὥς περ<rom>,</rom> ἔνθα περ<rom>,</rom> ὅτε περ<Expl>or sim.</Expl></Gr><Au>Hom.<NBPlus/></Au></Phr><XR>see also<Ref>εἴπερ</Ref><Ref>ἤπερ</Ref><Ref>ὅσπερ</Ref></XR></advS1></AdvE>",
    "key": "περ_1"
  },
  "senses": [],
  "citations": [],
  "urn": "urn:cite2:scaife-viewer:dictionary-entries.atlas_v1:cambridge-greek-lexicon-31936"
}