φθάνω — Cambridge Greek Lexicon

ep.φθᾱ́νωvb fut.aor.dial.Theoc.ptcpl.inf.athem.aor.dial.3sg.ep.1pl.3pl.ep.subj.3sg.ep.ep.1pl.ep.3pl.opt.inf.ptcpl.plpf.Plu.mid.w.act.sens.fut.athem.aor.ptcpl.Hom. Hes.The sections are grouped as: (1–2) overtake or keep ahead, (3–8) act first, (9–10) be timely or premature. The vb. is common in constructions w. another vb., either as ptcpl. w. finite vb., or as finite vb. w.ptcpl.: as φθάσαντες ἀφίκοντο, ἔφθασαν ἀφικόμενοι they arrived first. tr., of a rush of wateroutstrip, overtakesomeoneIl.fig., of deathovertake, catch up withsomeoneIl. tr.keep physically or temporally aheadof someone or sthg.of Ate, in her travels over the earthoutpace, stay one step ahead ofbenign deitiesw.ptcpl.and bring harm to mankindIl.of persons, shipskeep ahead offellow travellers, enemy troopsw.ptcpl.and reach a place before themHdt.a stormw.ptcpl.in finishing one's work, beaching one's shipsHes. Hdt.the swallowi.e. the arrival of summer, in pruning one's vinesHes.be ahead ofa personin a train of thoughtE. act beforethoughti.e. thinking, w.ptcpl.in committing an offenceD. dosthg.beforesthg. happensfinishw.ptcpl.doing sthg.before being caughtAntiphoneg.phr.οὐ φθάνεινw.ptcpl. καίw.vb.no sooner finishdoing sthg.thando or suffer sthg. elseE. Ar. Isoc. D. dosthg.beforesomeone elsebe firstto do sthg.A. E.w.ptcpl.to do sthg.Hom.w.inf.Th.act beforesomeonein doing sthg.Hom.catchsomeoneunawaresin doing sthg.Hom. take preliminary actionbefore a second actiontake the prior stepw.ptcpl.of doing sthg.oft. w. πρίνacc. + inf.before sthg. can happenHdt.w.inf.of doing sthg.AR.take prior actionw. πρίν + inf.before dyingAntipho have a prior experienceof persons, citiesalready be in the positionw.pass.ptcpl.of being destroyed, enslaved, or sim.oft. w.compl.cl.before one can do sthg., before sthg. else can happenIl. of the Kingdom of Heavenalready arrivew.prep.phr.for someoneNT. of persons or thingsbe quickerearlierw.gen.ἤ + nom.pers.than someone or sthg.w.ptcpl.in doing sthg.Hom. be timely, be in good timew.ptcpl.in doing sthg.Ar. in neg.phr.be prematurein doing sthg.οὐκ ἂν φθάνοις or φθάνοιyouhewouldn't be a moment too soonw.ptcpl.in doing or suffering sthg.i.e. may you or he lose no time in doing or suffering itHdt. E. Ar. Pl.wkr.sens.οὐκ ἂν φθάνοιμι, φθάνοις, φθάνοιIyou, hewon't lose timew.ptcpl.in doing sthg.i.e. will do it right awayPl. D.

ShortDef

to come or do first, before others

Debugging

Headword:

φθάνω

Headword (normalized):

φθάνω

Headword (normalized/stripped):

φθανω

Intro Text:

φθάνω

IDX:

29501

URN:

urn:cite2:scaife-viewer:dictionary-entries.atlas_v1:cambridge-greek-lexicon-29502

Key:

Senses and Citations (From Data)

Citations (From Models)

No citations.

Data

{
  "headword": "φθάνω",
  "data": {
    "headword_display": "<b>φθάνω</b>",
    "content": "<VE><vHG><HL>φθάνω</HL><DL><Lbl>ep.</Lbl><FmHL>φθᾱ́νω</FmHL></DL><PS>vb</PS></vHG> <FG><Tns><Lbl>fut.</Lbl><Form>φθάσω</Form></Tns><Tns><Lbl>aor.</Lbl><Form>ἔφθασα</Form><Lbl>dial.</Lbl><Form>ἔφθασσα</Form><Au>Theoc.</Au><Lbl>ptcpl.</Lbl><Form>φθάσᾱς</Form><Lbl>inf.</Lbl><Form>φθάσαι</Form></Tns><Vc><Tns><LBL>athem.aor.</LBL><Form>ἔφθην</Form><Lbl>dial.</Lbl><Form>ἔφθᾱν</Form><Lbl>3sg.</Lbl><Form>ἔφθη</Form><Lbl>ep.</Lbl><Form>φθῆ</Form><Lbl>1pl.</Lbl><Form>ἔφθημεν</Form><Lbl>3pl.</Lbl><Form>ἔφθησαν</Form><Lbl>ep.</Lbl><Form>φθάν</Form></Tns><Tns><Lbl>subj.</Lbl><Form>φθῶ</Form><Lbl>3sg.</Lbl><Form>φθῇ</Form><Lbl>ep.</Lbl><Form>φθήῃ</Form><Form>φθῆσι<Expl>sts. written <Gr>φθῇσι</Gr></Expl></Form><Lbl>ep.1pl.</Lbl><Form>φθέωμεν</Form><Lbl>ep.3pl.</Lbl><Form>φθέωσι</Form></Tns><Tns><Lbl>opt.</Lbl><Form>φθαίην</Form></Tns><Tns><Lbl>inf.</Lbl><Form>φθῆναι</Form></Tns><Tns><Lbl>ptcpl.</Lbl><Form>φθᾱ́ς</Form></Tns></Vc><Vc><Tns><Lbl>plpf.</Lbl><Form>ἐφθάκη</Form><Au>Plu.</Au></Tns></Vc><Vc><LBL>mid.<Expl>w.act.sens.</Expl></LBL><Tns><Lbl>fut.</Lbl><Form>φθήσομαι</Form></Tns><Tns><Lbl>athem.aor.ptcpl.</Lbl><Form>φθάμενος</Form><Au>Hom. Hes.</Au></Tns></Vc><Vc><Tns><Lbl>The sections are grouped as: (1–2) overtake or keep ahead, (3–8) act first, (9–10) be timely or premature. The vb. is common in constructions w. another vb., either as ptcpl. w. finite vb., or as finite vb. w.ptcpl.: as <Gr>φθάσαντες ἀφίκοντο, ἔφθασαν ἀφικόμενοι</Gr> <ital> they arrived first</ital>.</Lbl></Tns></Vc></FG> <vS1> <Indic>tr., of a rush of water</Indic><Tr>outstrip, overtake</Tr><Obj>someone<Au>Il.</Au></Obj><vS2><Indic>fig., of death</Indic><Tr>overtake, catch up with</Tr><Obj>someone<Au>Il.</Au></Obj></vS2> </vS1> <vS1><Indic>tr.</Indic><Def>keep physically or temporally ahead<Expl>of someone or sthg.</Expl></Def><vS2><Indic>of Ate, in her travels over the earth</Indic><Tr>outpace, stay one step ahead of</Tr><Obj>benign deities<Expl><GLbl>w.ptcpl.</GLbl>and bring harm to mankind</Expl><Au>Il.</Au></Obj></vS2><vS2><Indic>of persons, ships</Indic><Tr>keep ahead of</Tr><Obj>fellow travellers, enemy troops<Expl><GLbl>w.ptcpl.</GLbl>and reach a place before them</Expl><Au>Hdt.<NBPlus/></Au></Obj><Obj>a storm<Expl><GLbl>w.ptcpl.</GLbl>in finishing one's work, beaching one's ships</Expl><Au>Hes. Hdt.</Au></Obj><Obj>the swallow<Expl>i.e. the arrival of summer, in pruning one's vines</Expl><Au>Hes.</Au></Obj></vS2><vS2><Tr>be ahead of</Tr><Obj>a person<Expl>in a train of thought</Expl><Au>E.</Au></Obj></vS2> <vS2><Tr>act before</Tr><Obj>thought<Expl>i.e. thinking, <GLbl>w.ptcpl.</GLbl>in committing an offence</Expl><Au>D.</Au></Obj></vS2> </vS1> <vS1><Def>do<Prnth>sthg.</Prnth>before<Expl>sthg. happens</Expl></Def><vS2><Tr>finish</Tr><Cmpl><GLbl>w.ptcpl.</GLbl>doing sthg.<Expl>before being caught</Expl><Au>Antipho</Au></Cmpl><Phr><Indic>neg.phr.</Indic><Gr>οὐ φθάνειν<Expl><GLbl>w.ptcpl.</GLbl></Expl> καί<Expl><GLbl>w.vb.</GLbl></Expl></Gr><TrPhr>no sooner finish<Prnth>doing sthg.</Prnth>than<Expl>do or suffer sthg. else</Expl></TrPhr><Au>E. Ar. Isoc. D.</Au></Phr></vS2> </vS1> <vS1><Def>do<Prnth>sthg.</Prnth>before<Expl>someone else</Expl></Def><vS2><Tr>be first<Expl>to do sthg.</Expl></Tr><Au>A. E.<NBPlus/></Au><Cmpl><GLbl>w.ptcpl.</GLbl>to do sthg.<Au>Hom.<NBPlus/></Au></Cmpl><Cmpl><GLbl>w.inf.</GLbl><Au>Th.</Au></Cmpl></vS2><vS2><Tr>act before</Tr><Obj>someone<Expl>in doing sthg.</Expl><Au>Hom.<NBPlus/></Au></Obj></vS2><vS2><Tr>catch<Prnth>someone</Prnth>unawares<Expl>in doing sthg.</Expl></Tr><Au>Hom.<NBPlus/></Au></vS2> </vS1> <vS1><Def>take preliminary action<Expl>before a second action</Expl></Def><vS2><Tr>take the prior step</Tr><Cmpl><GLbl>w.ptcpl.</GLbl>of doing sthg.<Expl>oft. <GLbl>w. <Ref>πρίν</Ref><and/>acc. + inf.</GLbl>before sthg. can happen</Expl><Au>Hdt.<NBPlus/></Au></Cmpl><Cmpl><GLbl>w.inf.</GLbl>of doing sthg.<Au>AR.</Au></Cmpl></vS2><vS2><Tr>take prior action</Tr><Cmpl><GLbl>w. <Ref>πρίν</Ref> + inf.</GLbl>before dying<Au>Antipho</Au></Cmpl></vS2> </vS1> <vS1><Def>have a prior experience</Def><vS2><Indic>of persons, cities</Indic><Tr>already be in the position</Tr><Cmpl><GLbl>w.pass.ptcpl.</GLbl>of being destroyed, enslaved, or sim.<Expl>oft. <GLbl>w.compl.cl.</GLbl>before one can do sthg., before sthg. else can happen</Expl><Au>Il.<NBPlus/></Au></Cmpl></vS2> </vS1> <vS1><Indic>of the Kingdom of Heaven</Indic><Tr>already arrive</Tr><Cmpl><GLbl>w.prep.phr.</GLbl>for someone<Au>NT.</Au></Cmpl> </vS1> <vS1><Indic>of persons or things</Indic><Tr>be quicker<or/>earlier<Expl><GLbl>w.gen.<or/><Gr>ἤ</Gr> + nom.pers.</GLbl>than someone or sthg.</Expl></Tr><Cmpl><GLbl>w.ptcpl.</GLbl>in doing sthg.<Au>Hom.<NBPlus/></Au></Cmpl> </vS1> <vS1><Tr>be timely, be in good time</Tr><Cmpl><GLbl>w.ptcpl.</GLbl>in doing sthg.<Au>Ar.<NBPlus/></Au></Cmpl> </vS1> <vS1><Indic>in neg.phr.</Indic><Def>be premature<Expl>in doing sthg.</Expl></Def><Phr><Gr>οὐκ ἂν φθάνοις <rom>or</rom> φθάνοι</Gr><TrPhr>you<Prnth>he</Prnth>wouldn't be a moment too soon</TrPhr><Cmpl><GLbl>w.ptcpl.</GLbl>in doing or suffering sthg.<Expl>i.e. may you or he lose no time in doing or suffering it</Expl></Cmpl><Au>Hdt. E. Ar. Pl.<NBPlus/></Au></Phr><Phr><Indic>wkr.sens.</Indic><Gr>οὐκ ἂν φθάνοιμι<rom>,</rom> φθάνοις<rom>,</rom> φθάνοι</Gr><TrPhr>I<Prnth>you, he</Prnth>won't lose time</TrPhr><Cmpl><GLbl>w.ptcpl.</GLbl>in doing sthg.<Expl>i.e. will do it right away</Expl></Cmpl><Au>Pl. D.</Au></Phr> </vS1> </VE>",
    "key": "φθάνω"
  },
  "senses": [],
  "citations": [],
  "urn": "urn:cite2:scaife-viewer:dictionary-entries.atlas_v1:cambridge-greek-lexicon-29502"
}