γάρ
Scaife ATLAS
Cambridge Greek Lexicon
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Debugging
Headword:
γάρ
Headword (normalized):
γάρ
Headword (normalized/stripped):
γαρ
Intro Text:
IDX:
17565
URN:
urn:cite2:scaife-viewer:dictionary-entries.atlas_v1:cambridge-greek-lexicon-17566
Key:
Senses and Citations (From Data)
Citations (From Models)
No citations.
Data
{ "headword": "γάρ", "data": { "headword_display": "<b>γάρ</b>", "content": "<FE><vHG><HL>γάρ</HL><PS>pcl</PS><Ety><Ref>γε</Ref><Ref>ἄρα</Ref></Ety><FG><Tns><Lbl>The main uses are given in six groups: (<bold>A</bold>) causal (offering the reason for what precedes); (<bold>B</bold>) explanatory (explaining or amplifying what precedes); (<bold>C</bold>) anticipatory (preceding the cl. for which it offers the reason or explanation, or inserted parenth. within it); (<bold>D</bold>) in responses (to statements or qs., usu. expressing assent or confirmation); (<bold>E</bold>) in interrogative responses (exploring the consequences of a preceding statement); (<bold>F</bold>) with other pcls. or conjs. Only the most common applications of the wd. are illustrated. It normally stands in second position, sts. later.</Lbl></Tns></FG></vHG><NPS><Lbl><bold>A</bold></Lbl> <advS1><Indic>causal</Indic><Tr>for, because, since</Tr><Au>Hom.<NBPlus/></Au><AdvPhr><Gr>τῇ δεκάτῃ δ᾿ ἀγορήνδε καλέσσατο λαὸν Ἀχιλλεύς· τῷ γὰρ ἐπὶ φρεσὶ θῆκε θεὰ λευκώλενος Ἥρη· κήδετο γὰρ Δαναῶν</Gr><TrPhr>and on the tenth day Achilles called the troops to an assembly; for the white-armed goddess Hera put it in his mind, because she was concerned for the Danaans</TrPhr><Au>Il.</Au></AdvPhr></advS1></NPS><NPS><Lbl><bold>B</bold></Lbl> <advS1><Indic>explanatory</Indic><Tr>what I mean is that, the fact is that</Tr><Au>Hom.<NBPlus/></Au><AdvPhr><Gr>ἀλλὰ τόδ᾿ αἰνὸν ἄχος κραδίην καὶ θυμὸν ἱκάνει· ῞Εκτωρ γάρ ποτε φήσει ...</Gr><TrPhr>but this is the terrible anxiety that assails my heart, that one day Hector will say ...</TrPhr><Au>Il.</Au></AdvPhr><advS2><Indic>introducing a proof or example</Indic><AdvPhr><Gr>μαρτύριον δέ· Δήλου γὰρ καθαιρομένης ...</Gr><TrPhr>here is the evidence: that when Delos was being purified ...</TrPhr><Au>Th.</Au></AdvPhr></advS2></advS1></NPS><NPS><Lbl><bold>C</bold></Lbl> <advS1><Indic>anticipatory, freq. after a voc. address</Indic><Tr>since, as</Tr><Au>Hom.<NBPlus/></Au><AdvPhr><Gr>Ἀτρείδη ... πολλοὶ γὰρ τεθνᾶσι κάρη κομόωντες Ἀχαιοί ... τώ σε χρή ...</Gr><TrPhr>son of Atreus ... since many long-haired Achaeans have been killed ... so you must ...</TrPhr><Au>Il.</Au></AdvPhr><Phr><Indic>parenth.</Indic><Gr>νῦν δ᾿, αὐτὸς γὰρ ἄκουσα θεοῦ καὶ ἐσέδρακον ἄντην, εἶμι</Gr><TrPhr>but now<Prnth>since I have heard the goddess and seen her face to face</Prnth>I shall go</TrPhr><Au>Il.</Au></Phr></advS1></NPS><NPS><Lbl><bold>D</bold></Lbl> <advS1><Indic>in responses</Indic><AdvPhr><Gr>καὶ δῆτ᾿ ἐτόλμας τούσδ᾿ ὑπερβαίνειν νόμους; —οὐ γάρ τί μοι Ζεὺς ἦν ὁ κηρύξας τάδε</Gr><TrPhr>And so did you dare to transgress these laws? —Yes, for it was not Zeus who made this proclamation</TrPhr><Au>S.</Au></AdvPhr><AdvPhr><Gr>φασίν νιν ... οἴχεσθαι δορί. —ἔστιν γὰρ οὕτως</Gr><TrPhr>They say it<Prnth>Troy</Prnth>has been destroyed by warfare. —Yes, that is so</TrPhr><Au>E.</Au></AdvPhr><Phr><Indic>in elliptical rhetorical q.</Indic><Gr>τί γάρ;</Gr><TrPhr>certainly<Expl>i.e. for what else could be the case?</Expl></TrPhr><Au>Trag. Pl.</Au></Phr><XR>For <Gr>ἦ γάρ;</Gr><ital> isn't that right?</ital> see <Ref>ἦ<Hm>1</Hm></Ref> 2; for<Gr> πῶς γάρ;</Gr><ital> how could that</ital> (<ital>not</ital>) <ital>be so?</ital> see <Ref>πῶς</Ref> 9.</XR></advS1></NPS><NPS><Lbl><bold>E</bold></Lbl><advS1><Indic>in interrogative responses</Indic><AdvPhr><Gr>ἐγώ σ᾿ ἔθρεψα, σὺν δὲ γηράναι θέλω. —πατροκτονοῦσα γὰρ ξυνοικήσεις ἐμοί;</Gr><TrPhr>I brought you up and want to grow old with you. —Then are you going to live with me when you are my father's murderer?</TrPhr><Au>A.</Au></AdvPhr><AdvPhr><Gr>ἦ ζῇ γὰρ ἁνήρ; —εἴπερ ἔμψυχός γ᾿ ἐγώ. —ἦ γὰρ σὺ κεῖνος;</Gr><TrPhr>So<Prnth>in the light of what you have said</Prnth>is the man alive? —Yes, at least if I am alive. —So<Prnth>do you mean that</Prnth>you are he?</TrPhr><Au>S.</Au></AdvPhr></advS1></NPS><NPS><Lbl><bold>F</bold></Lbl> <advS1><Phr><Indic>freq. w. another pcl. or conj.</Indic><Gr><rom>esp.</rom> ἀλλὰ γάρ<rom> or</rom><Prnth>w. a wd. interposed</Prnth>ἀλλὰ ... γάρ</Gr><TrPhr>but as a matter of fact, however<Au>Hom.<NBPlus/></Au></TrPhr></Phr><Phr><Gr>γὰρ οὖν</Gr><TrPhr>for indeed, for in fact<Au>Hom.<NBPlus/></Au></TrPhr></Phr><Phr><Gr>καὶ γάρ</Gr><TrPhr>yes indeed, and in fact<Au>Hom.<NBPlus/></Au></TrPhr></Phr><Phr><Gr>οὐ γὰρ ἀλλά</Gr><TrPhr>for in fact, for actually<Au>E. Ar. Call.</Au></TrPhr></Phr><XR>For <Gr>εἰ γάρ</Gr> (in wishes) see <Ref>εἰ</Ref> 2; see also <Ref>τοιγάρ</Ref><Ref>τοιγαροῦν</Ref><Ref>τοιγάρτοι</Ref>.</XR></advS1></NPS> </FE>", "key": "γάρ" }, "senses": [], "citations": [], "urn": "urn:cite2:scaife-viewer:dictionary-entries.atlas_v1:cambridge-greek-lexicon-17566" }