{
  "headword": "στοιχεῖον",
  "urn": "urn:cite2:scaife-viewer:dictionaries.v1:lsj-n96929",
  "citations": [],
  "senses": [
    {
      "definition": "",
      "urn": "urn:cite2:scaife-viewer:dictionaries.v1:lsj-n96929-0",
      "children": [
        {
          "definition": "",
          "urn": "urn:cite2:scaife-viewer:dictionaries.v1:lsj-n96929-0-0",
          "children": [
            {
              "label": "I",
              "definition": "<i>the shadow of the gnomon, the length of which in feet indicated the time of day,</i> ὅταν ᾖ δεκάπουν τὸ σ. when the <i>shadow</i> is ten feet long, Ar. Ec. 652, v. Sch.; ὁπηνίκʼ ἂν εἴκοσι ποδῶν . . τὸ σ. ᾖ Eub. 119.7, cf. Philem. 83.",
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              "citations": [
                {
                  "urn": "urn:cite2:scaife-viewer:citations.atlas_v1:lsj-128468",
                  "data": {
                    "quote": "ὁπηνίκʼ ἂν εἴκοσι ποδῶν . . τὸ σ. ᾖ",
                    "ref": "Eub. 119.7",
                    "urn": "urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0458.tlg001.perseus-grc2:119.7"
                  }
                }
              ],
              "children": []
            },
            {
              "label": "II",
              "definition": "<i>element,</i>",
              "urn": "urn:cite2:scaife-viewer:dictionaries.v1:lsj-n96929-0-0-1",
              "citations": [],
              "children": [
                {
                  "label": "1",
                  "definition": "<i>simple sound</i> of speech, as the <i>first component</i> of the syllable, Pl. Cra. 424d; τὸ ῥῶ τὸ σ. ib. 426d; γραμμάτων σ. καὶ συλλαβάς Id. Tht. 202e; σ. ἐστι φωνὴ ἀδιαίρετος Arist. Po. 1456b22; φωνῆς σ. καὶ ἀρχαὶ δοκοῦσιν εἶναι ταῦτʼ ἐξ ὧν σύγκεινται αἱ φωναὶ πρώτων Id. Metaph. 998a23, cf. Gal. 15.6:— στοιχεῖα therefore, strictly, were different from <i>letters</i> ( γράμματα), Diog.Bab.Stoic. 3.213, Sch.D.T. p.32, al., but are freq. not clearly distd. from them, as by Pl. Tht. l.c., Cra. 426d; τὰ σ. τῶν γραμμάτων τὰ τέτταρα καὶ εἴκοσι Aen.Tact. 31.21; σ. ε̄ <i>letter</i> ε (in a filing-system), BGU 959.2 (ii A.D.); ἀκουόμενα σ. <i>letters</i> which are pronounced, A.D. Adv. 165.17; γράμματα and σ. are expressly identified by D.T. 630.32; the σ. and its name are confused by A.D. Synt. 29.1, but distd. by Hdn.Gr. ap. Choerob. in Theod. 1.340, Sch. D.T. l.c.:— κατὰ στοιχεῖον <i>in the order of the letters, alphabetically,</i> AP 11.15 ( Ammian.); dub.sens. in Plu. Def.orac. 2.422e.",
                  "urn": "urn:cite2:scaife-viewer:dictionaries.v1:lsj-n96929-0-0-1-0",
                  "citations": [
                    {
                      "urn": "urn:cite2:scaife-viewer:citations.atlas_v1:lsj-128469",
                      "data": {
                        "quote": "γραμμάτων σ. καὶ συλλαβάς",
                        "ref": "Id. Tht. 202e",
                        "urn": "urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0059.tlg006.perseus-grc2:202e"
                      }
                    },
                    {
                      "urn": "urn:cite2:scaife-viewer:citations.atlas_v1:lsj-128470",
                      "data": {
                        "quote": "σ. ἐστι φωνὴ ἀδιαίρετος",
                        "ref": "Arist. Po. 1456b22",
                        "urn": "urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0086.tlg034:1456b.perseus-grc2.22"
                      }
                    },
                    {
                      "urn": "urn:cite2:scaife-viewer:citations.atlas_v1:lsj-128471",
                      "data": {
                        "quote": "φωνῆς σ. καὶ ἀρχαὶ δοκοῦσιν εἶναι ταῦτʼ ἐξ ὧν σύγκεινται αἱ φωναὶ πρώτων",
                        "ref": "Id. Metaph. 998a23",
                        "urn": "urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0086.tlg025:998a.perseus-grc2.23"
                      }
                    },
                    {
                      "urn": "urn:cite2:scaife-viewer:citations.atlas_v1:lsj-128472",
                      "data": {
                        "quote": "τὰ σ. τῶν γραμμάτων τὰ τέτταρα καὶ εἴκοσι",
                        "ref": "Aen.Tact. 31.21",
                        "urn": "urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0058.tlg001.perseus-grc2:31.21"
                      }
                    },
                    {
                      "urn": "urn:cite2:scaife-viewer:citations.atlas_v1:lsj-128473",
                      "data": {
                        "quote": "κατὰ στοιχεῖον",
                        "ref": "AP 11.15",
                        "urn": "urn:cts:greekLit:tlg7000.tlg001.perseus-grc2:11.15"
                      }
                    }
                  ],
                  "children": []
                },
                {
                  "label": "2",
                  "definition": "στοιχεῖα were the <i>components into which matter is ultimately divisible, elements,</i> reduced to four by Empedocles, who called them ῥιζώματα, the word στοιχεῖα being first used (acc. to Eudem. ap. Simp. in Ph. 7.13) by Pl., τὰ πρῶτα οἱονπερεὶ σ., ἐξ ὧν ἡμεῖς τε συγκείμεθα καὶ τἄλλα Tht. 201e; τὰ τῶν πάντων σ. Plt. 278d; αὐτὰ τιθέμενοι σ. τοῦ παντός Ti. 48b, cf. Arist. GC 314a29, Metaph. 998a28, Thphr. Sens. 3, al., D.L. 3.24; σ. σωματικά Arist. Mete. 338a22, Thphr. Fr. 46; ἄτομα σ. Epicur. Ep. 2p.36U.; equivalent to ἀρχαί, Thales ap. Plu. 2.875c, Anaximand. ap. D.L. 2.1, Anon. ap. Arist. Ph. 188b28, Metaph. 1059b23, al.; but Arist. also distinguishes σ. from ἀρχή as less comprehensive, ib. 1070b23; τὰ σ. ὕλη τῆς οὐσίας ib. 1088b27; τρία τὰ σ. Id. Ph. 189b16; distd. from ἀρχή on other grounds by Stoic. 2.111; σ. used in three senses by Chrysipp., ib. 136, cf. Zeno ib. 1.24, al.; in Medicine, Gal. 6.3, 420, al., 15.7, al.; Αἰθέρ, κόσμου σ. ἄριστον Orph. H. 5.4; ἀνηλεὲς σ., of the sea, Babr. 71.4; τὸ σ., of the sea, Polem. Cyn. 44; ἄμφω τὰ σ., i.e. land and sea, ib. 11, cf. Hdn. 3.1.5, Him. Ecl. 2.18.",
                  "urn": "urn:cite2:scaife-viewer:dictionaries.v1:lsj-n96929-0-0-1-1",
                  "citations": [
                    {
                      "urn": "urn:cite2:scaife-viewer:citations.atlas_v1:lsj-128474",
                      "data": {
                        "quote": "αὐτὰ τιθέμενοι σ. τοῦ παντός",
                        "ref": "Ti. 48b",
                        "urn": "urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0059.tlg031.perseus-grc2:48b"
                      }
                    },
                    {
                      "urn": "urn:cite2:scaife-viewer:citations.atlas_v1:lsj-128475",
                      "data": {
                        "quote": "σ. σωματικά",
                        "ref": "Arist. Mete. 338a22",
                        "urn": "urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0086.tlg026:338a.perseus-grc2.22"
                      }
                    },
                    {
                      "urn": "urn:cite2:scaife-viewer:citations.atlas_v1:lsj-128476",
                      "data": {
                        "quote": "Αἰθέρ, κόσμου σ. ἄριστον",
                        "ref": "Orph. H. 5.4",
                        "urn": "urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0579.tlg001.perseus-grc2:5.4"
                      }
                    }
                  ],
                  "children": []
                },
                {
                  "label": "3",
                  "definition": "<i>elements of proof,</i> e.g. in general reasoning the πρῶτοι συλλογισμοί, Arist. Metaph. 1014b1; in Geometry, the propositions whose proof is involved in the proof of other propositions, ib. 998a26, 1014a36; title of geometrical works by Hippocrates of Chios, Leon, Theudios, and Euclid, Procl. in Euc. pp. 66,67, 68F.: hence applied to whatever is one, small, and capable of many uses, Arist. Metaph. 1014b3; to whatever is most universal, e.g. the unit and the point, ib. 6; the line and the circle, Id. Top. 158b35; the τόπος (argument applicable to a variety of subjects), ib. 120b13, al., Rh. 1358a35, al.; στοιχεῖα τὰ γένη λέγουσί τινες Id. Metaph. 1014b10; τὸ νόμισμα σ. καὶ πέρας τῆς ἀλλαγῆς coin is the <i>unit . .</i> of exchange, Id. Pol. 1257b23; in Grammar, σ. τῆς λέξεως <i>parts</i> of speech, D.H. Comp. 2; but also, the <i>letters</i> composing a word, A.D. Synt. 313.7; <i>letters</i> of the alphabet, Diog.Bab. Stoic. 3.213; σ. τοῦ λόγου the <i>elements</i> of speech, viz. <i>words,</i> or the <i>kinds of words, parts</i> of speech, Thphr. ap. Simp. in Cat. 10.24, Chrysipp.Stoic. 2.45, A.D. Synt. 7.1, 313.6.",
                  "urn": "urn:cite2:scaife-viewer:dictionaries.v1:lsj-n96929-0-0-1-2",
                  "citations": [
                    {
                      "urn": "urn:cite2:scaife-viewer:citations.atlas_v1:lsj-128477",
                      "data": {
                        "quote": "στοιχεῖα τὰ γένη λέγουσί τινες",
                        "ref": "Id. Metaph. 1014b10",
                        "urn": "urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0086.tlg025:1014b.perseus-grc2.10"
                      }
                    }
                  ],
                  "children": []
                },
                {
                  "label": "4",
                  "definition": "<i>elementary</i> or <i>fundamental principle,</i> ἀρξάμενοι ἀπὸ τῶν σ. X. Mem. 2.1.1; σ. χρηστῆς πολιτείας Isoc. 2.16; τὸ πολλάκις εἰρημένον μέγιστον σ. Arist. Pol. 1309b16; σ. τῆς ὅλης τέχνης Nicol.Com. 1.30, cf. Epicur. Ep. 1p.10U., Ep. 3p.59U., Phld. Rh. 1.127S., Gal. 6.306.",
                  "urn": "urn:cite2:scaife-viewer:dictionaries.v1:lsj-n96929-0-0-1-3",
                  "citations": [
                    {
                      "urn": "urn:cite2:scaife-viewer:citations.atlas_v1:lsj-128478",
                      "data": {
                        "quote": "σ. χρηστῆς πολιτείας",
                        "ref": "Isoc. 2.16",
                        "urn": "urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0010.tlg013.perseus-grc2:16"
                      }
                    },
                    {
                      "urn": "urn:cite2:scaife-viewer:citations.atlas_v1:lsj-128479",
                      "data": {
                        "quote": "σ. τῆς ὅλης τέχνης",
                        "ref": "Nicol.Com. 1.30",
                        "urn": "urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0481.tlg001.perseus-grc2:1.30"
                      }
                    }
                  ],
                  "children": []
                },
                {
                  "label": "5",
                  "definition": "ἄστρων στοιχεῖα the <i>stars,</i> Man. 4.624; σ. καυσούμενα λυθήσεται 2 Ep.Pet. 3.10, cf. 12; esp. <i>planets,</i> στοιχείῳ Διός PLond. 1.130.60 (i/ii A.D.); so perh. in Ep.Gal. 4.3, Ep.Col. 2.8; esp. a <i>sign of the Zodiac,</i> D.L. 6.102; of the Great Bear, PMag.Par. 1.1303.",
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                  "citations": [
                    {
                      "urn": "urn:cite2:scaife-viewer:citations.atlas_v1:lsj-128480",
                      "data": {
                        "quote": "σ. καυσούμενα λυθήσεται",
                        "ref": "2 Ep.Pet. 3.10",
                        "urn": "urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0031.tlg022.perseus-grc2:3.10"
                      }
                    },
                    {
                      "urn": "urn:cite2:scaife-viewer:citations.atlas_v1:lsj-128481",
                      "data": {
                        "quote": "στοιχείῳ Διός",
                        "ref": "PLond. 1.130.60",
                        "urn": "urn:cts:greekLit:pap,P.Lond.:1:130.perseus-grc2:60"
                      }
                    }
                  ],
                  "children": []
                },
                {
                  "label": "6",
                  "definition": "σ. = ἀριθμός, as etym. of Στοιχαδεύς, Sch.D.T.p.192 H.",
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                  "citations": [],
                  "children": []
                }
              ]
            }
          ]
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "key": "stoixei=on",
  "type": "main"
}