{
  "headword": "πρόφασις",
  "urn": "urn:cite2:scaife-viewer:dictionaries.v1:lsj-n90661",
  "citations": [],
  "senses": [
    {
      "definition": "",
      "urn": "urn:cite2:scaife-viewer:dictionaries.v1:lsj-n90661-0",
      "children": [
        {
          "label": "",
          "definition": "<i>motive</i> or <i>cause alleged,</i> whether truly or falsely: then, <i>actual motive</i> or <i>cause,</i> whether alleged or not:",
          "urn": "urn:cite2:scaife-viewer:dictionaries.v1:lsj-n90661-0-0",
          "citations": [],
          "children": [
            {
              "label": "I",
              "definition": "<i>alleged motive, plea,</i> without implication of truth or falsity, ἐπὶ σμικρῇ π. Thgn. 323; νόστου π. γλυκεροῦ κώλυεν μεῖναι Pi. P. 4.32; κατὰ θεωρίης πρόφασιν ἐκπλώσας Hdt. 1.29; π. ἔχων, ὡς . . Id. 6.133; καὶ ἐπὶ μεγάλῃ καὶ ἐπὶ βραχείᾳ π. whether the <i>plea put forward</i> be a trifle or a weighty matter, Th. 1.141; τῆς αἰτίας τὴν π. the <i>plea</i> in the case, the <i>basis</i> of the charge, Lys. 9.7; τοιαύτας ἔχοντες π. καὶ αἰτίας <i>pleas</i> and motives, Th. 3.13; π. ἐπιεικής ib. 9; ἀναγκαῖαι Is. 4.20, D. 54.17; προφάσεις ἀληθεῖς λέγοντος <i>pleading</i> what was in fact true, And. 4.17.",
              "urn": "urn:cite2:scaife-viewer:dictionaries.v1:lsj-n90661-0-0-0",
              "citations": [
                {
                  "urn": "urn:cite2:scaife-viewer:citations.atlas_v1:lsj-122117",
                  "data": {
                    "quote": "νόστου π. γλυκεροῦ κώλυεν μεῖναι",
                    "ref": "Pi. P. 4.32",
                    "urn": "urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0033.tlg002.perseus-grc2:4.32"
                  }
                },
                {
                  "urn": "urn:cite2:scaife-viewer:citations.atlas_v1:lsj-122118",
                  "data": {
                    "quote": "κατὰ θεωρίης πρόφασιν ἐκπλώσας",
                    "ref": "Hdt. 1.29",
                    "urn": "urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0016.tlg001.perseus-grc2:1.29"
                  }
                },
                {
                  "urn": "urn:cite2:scaife-viewer:citations.atlas_v1:lsj-122119",
                  "data": {
                    "quote": "π. ἔχων, ὡς . .",
                    "ref": "Id. 6.133",
                    "urn": "urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0016.tlg001.perseus-grc2:6.133"
                  }
                },
                {
                  "urn": "urn:cite2:scaife-viewer:citations.atlas_v1:lsj-122120",
                  "data": {
                    "quote": "ἀναγκαῖαι",
                    "ref": "Is. 4.20",
                    "urn": "urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0017.tlg004.perseus-grc2:20"
                  }
                }
              ],
              "children": [
                {
                  "label": "2",
                  "definition": "<i>falsely alleged motive</i> (or <i>cause), pretext, pretence, excuse,</i> π. ἰδίης ἀβουλίης an <i>excuse</i> for . ., Democr. 119; οὔτε τινʼ ἔχων π. οὔτε λόγον εὐτράπελον Ar. V. 468 (lyr.); καλλίστην εἶναι π., τιμωρεῖσθαι μὲν δοκεῖν, ἔργῳ δὲ χρηματίζεσθαι Lys. 12.6: abs. in acc., πρόφασιν <i>in pretence, ostensibly,</i> στενάχοντο γυναῖκες Πάτροκλον π., σφῶν δʼ αὐτῶν κήδεʼ ἑκάστη Il. 19.302, cf. Hdt. 5.33, E. IA 362 (troch.), Ar. Eq. 466, etc.; opp. τὸ ἀληθές, Th. 6.33: in dat., προφάσει Id. 3.86; προφάσει τῶν δημοσίων on the <i>pretence</i> that public debts are owing, OGI 669.15 ( Egypt, i A.D.); προφάσιος [εἵνεκεν], προφάσεως ἕνεκα, Hdt. 4.135, Antipho 6.14; προφάσεως χάριν Arist. Pol. 1297a14; ἐκ μικρᾶς π. Plb. 2.17.3; ἐπὶ προφάσιος Hdt. 7.150: folld. by an inf., αὕτη γὰρ ἦν σοι π. ἐκβαλεῖν ἐμέ for casting me out, S. Ph. 1034; οὔτε . . ἔστιν οὐδεμία π. τοῦ μὴ δρᾶν Pl. Ti. 20c; π. τοῖς δειλοῖς ἔχει μὴ ἰέναι gives them an <i>excuse</i> or <i>plea</i> for not going, Id. R. 469c; οὐδεμία σοι π. ἐστιν ὡς . . X. Cyr. 2.2.15; εὑρὼν π. BGU 1024 vi 21 (iv A.D.).",
                  "urn": "urn:cite2:scaife-viewer:dictionaries.v1:lsj-n90661-0-0-0-0",
                  "citations": [
                    {
                      "urn": "urn:cite2:scaife-viewer:citations.atlas_v1:lsj-122121",
                      "data": {
                        "quote": "οὔτε τινʼ ἔχων π. οὔτε λόγον εὐτράπελον",
                        "ref": "Ar. V. 468",
                        "urn": "urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0019.tlg004.perseus-grc2:468"
                      }
                    },
                    {
                      "urn": "urn:cite2:scaife-viewer:citations.atlas_v1:lsj-122122",
                      "data": {
                        "quote": "καλλίστην εἶναι π., τιμωρεῖσθαι μὲν δοκεῖν, ἔργῳ δὲ χρηματίζεσθαι",
                        "ref": "Lys. 12.6",
                        "urn": "urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0540.tlg012.perseus-grc2:6"
                      }
                    },
                    {
                      "urn": "urn:cite2:scaife-viewer:citations.atlas_v1:lsj-122123",
                      "data": {
                        "quote": "στενάχοντο γυναῖκες Πάτροκλον π., σφῶν δʼ αὐτῶν κήδεʼ ἑκάστη",
                        "ref": "Il. 19.302",
                        "urn": "urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0012.tlg001.perseus-grc2:19.302"
                      }
                    },
                    {
                      "urn": "urn:cite2:scaife-viewer:citations.atlas_v1:lsj-122124",
                      "data": {
                        "quote": "προφάσει",
                        "ref": "Id. 3.86",
                        "urn": "urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:3.86"
                      }
                    },
                    {
                      "urn": "urn:cite2:scaife-viewer:citations.atlas_v1:lsj-122125",
                      "data": {
                        "quote": "προφάσεως χάριν",
                        "ref": "Arist. Pol. 1297a14",
                        "urn": "urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0086.tlg035:1297a.perseus-grc2.14"
                      }
                    },
                    {
                      "urn": "urn:cite2:scaife-viewer:citations.atlas_v1:lsj-122126",
                      "data": {
                        "quote": "ἐπὶ προφάσιος",
                        "ref": "Hdt. 7.150",
                        "urn": "urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0016.tlg001.perseus-grc2:7.150"
                      }
                    },
                    {
                      "urn": "urn:cite2:scaife-viewer:citations.atlas_v1:lsj-122127",
                      "data": {
                        "quote": "οὔτε . . ἔστιν οὐδεμία π. τοῦ μὴ δρᾶν",
                        "ref": "Pl. Ti. 20c",
                        "urn": "urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0059.tlg031.perseus-grc2:20c"
                      }
                    },
                    {
                      "urn": "urn:cite2:scaife-viewer:citations.atlas_v1:lsj-122128",
                      "data": {
                        "quote": "οὐδεμία σοι π. ἐστιν ὡς . .",
                        "ref": "X. Cyr. 2.2.15",
                        "urn": "urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0032.tlg007:2.2.perseus-grc2.15"
                      }
                    }
                  ],
                  "children": [
                    {
                      "label": "b",
                      "definition": "πρόφασιν διδόναι, ἐνδοῦναι, allow, afford an <i>excuse,</i> D. 43.53, 18.158; οὐκ ἐνδώσομεν π. οὐδενὶ κακῷ γενέσθαι Th. 2.87; π. μηδεμίαν θέμενος making no <i>excuse,</i> Thgn. 364; π. προτεῖναι put forward a <i>pretext,</i> Hdt. 1.156; π. τὴν Παυσανίεω ὕβριν προϊσχόμενοι Id. 8.3; προφάσεις παρέχειν Ar. Av. 581, cf. D. 10.35, 18.156; προφάσιας εἷλκον kept making <i>pretences,</i> Hdt. 6.86; πάσας π. ἕλκουσιν Ar. Lys. 726; π. δέχεσθαι Pl. Cra. 421d (cf. ἀγών III.5); π. εὑρίσκειν τοῦ ἀδικήματος Antipho 5.65; π. καλῶς εὑρημένη Archipp. 36; ἔχθρας π. ζητήσουσιν Pl. Phdr. 234a, cf. PCair.Zen. 270.9 (iii B.C.); π. τινὰ πρεσβείας πορισάμενοι Pl. Ep. 350a; π. κατασκευάσαι X. Cyr. 2.4.17; ἔχει προφάσεις it is excusable, ib. 3.1.27; πρόφασιν ταύτην τῆς διαφορᾶς ποιούμενος Pl. Ep. 349d; προφάσεις εὐλόγους εἰλήφεσαν D. 18.152; ἐχόμενος προφάσιος Hdt. 6.94; ἐπιλαβέσθαι Id. 3.36, 6.49; τὰς π. ἀφελεῖν D. 2.27; προφάσεως δεῖσθαι Arist. Rh. 1373a3: personified, τὰν Ἐπιμαθέος ὀψινόου θυγατέρα Π. Pi. P. 5.28.",
                      "urn": "urn:cite2:scaife-viewer:dictionaries.v1:lsj-n90661-0-0-0-0-0",
                      "citations": [
                        {
                          "urn": "urn:cite2:scaife-viewer:citations.atlas_v1:lsj-122129",
                          "data": {
                            "quote": "οὐκ ἐνδώσομεν π. οὐδενὶ κακῷ γενέσθαι",
                            "ref": "Th. 2.87",
                            "urn": "urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:2.87"
                          }
                        },
                        {
                          "urn": "urn:cite2:scaife-viewer:citations.atlas_v1:lsj-122130",
                          "data": {
                            "quote": "π. τὴν Παυσανίεω ὕβριν προϊσχόμενοι",
                            "ref": "Id. 8.3",
                            "urn": "urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0016.tlg001.perseus-grc2:8.3"
                          }
                        },
                        {
                          "urn": "urn:cite2:scaife-viewer:citations.atlas_v1:lsj-122131",
                          "data": {
                            "quote": "προφάσεις παρέχειν",
                            "ref": "Ar. Av. 581",
                            "urn": "urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0019.tlg006.perseus-grc2:581"
                          }
                        },
                        {
                          "urn": "urn:cite2:scaife-viewer:citations.atlas_v1:lsj-122132",
                          "data": {
                            "quote": "πάσας π. ἕλκουσιν",
                            "ref": "Ar. Lys. 726",
                            "urn": "urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0019.tlg007.perseus-grc2:726"
                          }
                        },
                        {
                          "urn": "urn:cite2:scaife-viewer:citations.atlas_v1:lsj-122133",
                          "data": {
                            "quote": "π. δέχεσθαι",
                            "ref": "Pl. Cra. 421d",
                            "urn": "urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0059.tlg005.perseus-grc2:421d"
                          }
                        },
                        {
                          "urn": "urn:cite2:scaife-viewer:citations.atlas_v1:lsj-122134",
                          "data": {
                            "quote": "π. εὑρίσκειν τοῦ ἀδικήματος",
                            "ref": "Antipho 5.65",
                            "urn": "urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0028.tlg005.perseus-grc2:65"
                          }
                        },
                        {
                          "urn": "urn:cite2:scaife-viewer:citations.atlas_v1:lsj-122135",
                          "data": {
                            "quote": "π. καλῶς εὑρημένη",
                            "ref": "Archipp. 36",
                            "urn": "urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0417.tlg001.perseus-grc2:36"
                          }
                        },
                        {
                          "urn": "urn:cite2:scaife-viewer:citations.atlas_v1:lsj-122136",
                          "data": {
                            "quote": "ἔχθρας π. ζητήσουσιν",
                            "ref": "Pl. Phdr. 234a",
                            "urn": "urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0059.tlg012.perseus-grc2:234a"
                          }
                        },
                        {
                          "urn": "urn:cite2:scaife-viewer:citations.atlas_v1:lsj-122137",
                          "data": {
                            "quote": "π. τινὰ πρεσβείας πορισάμενοι",
                            "ref": "Pl. Ep. 350a",
                            "urn": "urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0059.tlg036.perseus-grc2:350a"
                          }
                        },
                        {
                          "urn": "urn:cite2:scaife-viewer:citations.atlas_v1:lsj-122138",
                          "data": {
                            "quote": "π. κατασκευάσαι",
                            "ref": "X. Cyr. 2.4.17",
                            "urn": "urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0032.tlg007:2.4.perseus-grc2.17"
                          }
                        },
                        {
                          "urn": "urn:cite2:scaife-viewer:citations.atlas_v1:lsj-122139",
                          "data": {
                            "quote": "πρόφασιν ταύτην τῆς διαφορᾶς ποιούμενος",
                            "ref": "Pl. Ep. 349d",
                            "urn": "urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0059.tlg036.perseus-grc2:349d"
                          }
                        },
                        {
                          "urn": "urn:cite2:scaife-viewer:citations.atlas_v1:lsj-122140",
                          "data": {
                            "quote": "προφάσεις εὐλόγους εἰλήφεσαν",
                            "ref": "D. 18.152",
                            "urn": "urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0014.tlg018.perseus-grc2:152"
                          }
                        },
                        {
                          "urn": "urn:cite2:scaife-viewer:citations.atlas_v1:lsj-122141",
                          "data": {
                            "quote": "ἐχόμενος προφάσιος",
                            "ref": "Hdt. 6.94",
                            "urn": "urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0016.tlg001.perseus-grc2:6.94"
                          }
                        },
                        {
                          "urn": "urn:cite2:scaife-viewer:citations.atlas_v1:lsj-122142",
                          "data": {
                            "quote": "ἐπιλαβέσθαι",
                            "ref": "Id. 3.36",
                            "urn": "urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0016.tlg001.perseus-grc2:3.36"
                          }
                        },
                        {
                          "urn": "urn:cite2:scaife-viewer:citations.atlas_v1:lsj-122143",
                          "data": {
                            "quote": "τὰς π. ἀφελεῖν",
                            "ref": "D. 2.27",
                            "urn": "urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0014.tlg002.perseus-grc2:27"
                          }
                        },
                        {
                          "urn": "urn:cite2:scaife-viewer:citations.atlas_v1:lsj-122144",
                          "data": {
                            "quote": "προφάσεως δεῖσθαι",
                            "ref": "Arist. Rh. 1373a3",
                            "urn": "urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0086.tlg038:1373a.perseus-grc2.3"
                          }
                        }
                      ],
                      "children": []
                    },
                    {
                      "label": "c",
                      "definition": "μή μοι πρόφασιν no <i>excuse,</i> no <i>shuffling,</i> Ar. Ach. 345; μὴ προφάσεις ἐνταῦθά μοι Alex. 127.1.",
                      "urn": "urn:cite2:scaife-viewer:dictionaries.v1:lsj-n90661-0-0-0-0-1",
                      "citations": [
                        {
                          "urn": "urn:cite2:scaife-viewer:citations.atlas_v1:lsj-122145",
                          "data": {
                            "quote": "μὴ προφάσεις ἐνταῦθά μοι",
                            "ref": "Alex. 127.1",
                            "urn": "urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0402.tlg001.perseus-grc2:127.1"
                          }
                        }
                      ],
                      "children": []
                    }
                  ]
                }
              ]
            },
            {
              "label": "II",
              "definition": "<i>the actual motive, purpose,</i> or <i>cause,</i> whether alleged or not, οὔτʼ εὐνῆς πρόφασιν κεχρημένος οὔτε τευ ἄλλου Il. 19.262; ἐπʼ αὐτομολίας προφάσει ἀπέρχονται Th. 7.13; τὸ ἐκ προφάσεως τῶν . . στρατιωτῶν δηληγατευθὲν μέτρον ἐλαίου for the <i>purpose</i> of . ., PLips. 64.2, cf. 8 (iv A.D.); τὴν ἀληθεστάτην π., ἀφανεστάτην δὲ λόγῳ Th. 1.23, cf. 6.6, D. 18.156, SIG 888.138 ( Scaptopara, iii A.D., pl.): esp. as a medical t.t., <i>external exciting cause,</i> ἐκ πάσης π. ἐκτιτρώσκουσι they miscarry on any <i>provocation,</i> Hp. Aph. 3.12, cf. Epid. 3.3, 3.17.ιαʹ, Acut. (Sp.) 6; τοὺς δʼ ἄλλους ἀπʼ οὐδεμιᾶς π . . . τῆς κεφαλῆς θέρμαι . . ἐλάμβανε Th. 2.49: pl., Hp. Aër. 16, Fract. 15, al.: generally, <i>cause,</i> σμικρὰ π. ἔξωθεν Pl. R. 556e; βραχεῖα π. Hp. Coac. 477; ἀπὸ μηδεμιᾶς π. ἔξωθεν ἀξιολόγου Diocl. Fr. 82; φανερὴ π. Hp. Aph. 2.41, cf. X. HG 6.4.33; ἐπεὶ δέ οἱ ἔδεε κακῶς γενέσθαι, ἐγένετο ἀπὸ προφάσιος τὴν ἐγὼ . . ἀπηγήσομαι Hdt. 2.161, cf. 4.145, 7.230; ἄνθρωπός εἰμι, τοῦτο δʼ αὐτὸ τῷ βίῳ π. μεγίστην εἰς τὸ λυπεῖσθαι φέρει Diph. 106, cf. Men. 230, 811, Philem. 194; βραχείας προφάσεως ἔδει μόνον ἐφʼ ᾗ . . δεξόμεθα . . it needed but a little <i>to move</i> us to . ., E. IA 1180.",
              "urn": "urn:cite2:scaife-viewer:dictionaries.v1:lsj-n90661-0-0-1",
              "citations": [
                {
                  "urn": "urn:cite2:scaife-viewer:citations.atlas_v1:lsj-122146",
                  "data": {
                    "quote": "οὔτʼ εὐνῆς πρόφασιν κεχρημένος οὔτε τευ ἄλλου",
                    "ref": "Il. 19.262",
                    "urn": "urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0012.tlg001.perseus-grc2:19.262"
                  }
                },
                {
                  "urn": "urn:cite2:scaife-viewer:citations.atlas_v1:lsj-122147",
                  "data": {
                    "quote": "ἐπʼ αὐτομολίας προφάσει ἀπέρχονται",
                    "ref": "Th. 7.13",
                    "urn": "urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:7.13"
                  }
                },
                {
                  "urn": "urn:cite2:scaife-viewer:citations.atlas_v1:lsj-122148",
                  "data": {
                    "quote": "τὴν ἀληθεστάτην π., ἀφανεστάτην δὲ λόγῳ",
                    "ref": "Th. 1.23",
                    "urn": "urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:1.23"
                  }
                },
                {
                  "urn": "urn:cite2:scaife-viewer:citations.atlas_v1:lsj-122149",
                  "data": {
                    "quote": "τοὺς δʼ ἄλλους ἀπʼ οὐδεμιᾶς π . . . τῆς κεφαλῆς θέρμαι . . ἐλάμβανε",
                    "ref": "Th. 2.49",
                    "urn": "urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:2.49"
                  }
                },
                {
                  "urn": "urn:cite2:scaife-viewer:citations.atlas_v1:lsj-122150",
                  "data": {
                    "quote": "σμικρὰ π. ἔξωθεν",
                    "ref": "Pl. R. 556e",
                    "urn": "urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0059.tlg030.perseus-grc2:556e"
                  }
                },
                {
                  "urn": "urn:cite2:scaife-viewer:citations.atlas_v1:lsj-122151",
                  "data": {
                    "quote": "ἀπὸ μηδεμιᾶς π. ἔξωθεν ἀξιολόγου",
                    "ref": "Diocl. Fr. 82",
                    "urn": "urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0664.tlg002.perseus-grc2:82"
                  }
                },
                {
                  "urn": "urn:cite2:scaife-viewer:citations.atlas_v1:lsj-122152",
                  "data": {
                    "quote": "ἐπεὶ δέ οἱ ἔδεε κακῶς γενέσθαι, ἐγένετο ἀπὸ προφάσιος τὴν ἐγὼ . . ἀπηγήσομαι",
                    "ref": "Hdt. 2.161",
                    "urn": "urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0016.tlg001.perseus-grc2:2.161"
                  }
                },
                {
                  "urn": "urn:cite2:scaife-viewer:citations.atlas_v1:lsj-122153",
                  "data": {
                    "quote": "ἄνθρωπός εἰμι, τοῦτο δʼ αὐτὸ τῷ βίῳ π. μεγίστην εἰς τὸ λυπεῖσθαι φέρει",
                    "ref": "Diph. 106",
                    "urn": "urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0447.tlg001.perseus-grc2:106"
                  }
                }
              ],
              "children": [
                {
                  "label": "2",
                  "definition": "<i>occasion,</i> θοἰμάτιον δεικνὺς τοδὶ πρόφασιν ἔφασκον, ὦ γύναι, λίαν σπαθᾷς I said <i>à propos,</i> . . I <i>took occasion to</i> say . ., Ar. Nu. 55; ἐπὶ τῇ ἐμῇ π. <i>à propos of</i> me, Lys. 6.19; ἐπὶ τῇ π. τῆς ἐμαυτοῦ ἀρχῆς on the <i>occasion</i> of my accession, PFay. 20.11 (iii/iv A.D.).",
                  "urn": "urn:cite2:scaife-viewer:dictionaries.v1:lsj-n90661-0-0-1-0",
                  "citations": [],
                  "children": []
                }
              ]
            },
            {
              "label": "III",
              "definition": "<i>persuasion, suggestion,</i> dub.l. in S. Tr. 662 (lyr.).",
              "urn": "urn:cite2:scaife-viewer:dictionaries.v1:lsj-n90661-0-0-2",
              "citations": [],
              "children": []
            },
            {
              "label": "IV",
              "definition": "<i>preface,</i> τὰς σημειώσεις ὑπὸ μίαν ἐκθησόμεθα π. Dsc. Ther. 3.",
              "urn": "urn:cite2:scaife-viewer:dictionaries.v1:lsj-n90661-0-0-3",
              "citations": [],
              "children": []
            }
          ]
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "key": "pro/fa^sis",
  "type": "main"
}