{
  "headword": "χαλεπός",
  "urn": "urn:cite2:scaife-viewer:dictionaries.v1:cunliffe_lex-n9534",
  "definition": "χαλεπός -ή, -όν. 1 Grievous, burdensome, heavy, sore, painful: μῆνις Il. 5.178, γῆρας Il. 8.103, Il. 23.623. Cf. Il. 5.384, 391, Il. 13.624: πένθος Od. 6.169, φῆμιν (evil, ill) Od. 24.201. Cf. Od. 2.193, Od. 10.464, Od. 11.292, 622, Od. 21.377, etc. In comp.: τοῦδέ μοι χαλεπώτερον εἶναι ἄεθλον Od. 11.624. Absol. in neut. pl., evil, mischief: χαλεπὰ ὁρμαίνοντες ἀλλήλοις Od. 3.151. 2 Dangerous: χαλεποὶ θεοὶ [γίγνονται] φαίνεσθαι ἐναργεῖς (in respect of appearing, i.e. when they appear) Il. 20.131. 3 Difficult, hard: λιμέσιν (hard to attain or reach) Od. 19.189. In neut. χαλεπόν with or without copula, it is difficult or hard. With infin.: χ. σε πάντων ἀνθρώπων σβέσσαι μένος Il. 16.620. Cf. Il. 21.184: χ. κεν ἀνήνασθαι δόσιν εἴη Od. 4.651. Cf. Od. 11.156, Od. 13.141, Od. 20.313, Od. 23.81. Without infin. Il. 19.80: Od. 23.184. In personal construction. With infin.: χαλεπή τοι ἐγὼ μένος ἀντιφέρεσθαι (hard to set yourself against) Il. 21.482. Cf. Od. 10.305. Without infin.: χαλεποί τοι ἔσονται [μῦθοι] (you will find it hard to know them) Il. 1.546. 4 Oppressing the spirit, terrifying, daunting: κεραυνός Il. 14.417. 5 Of persons, violent, despiteful, malignant, hard: ἄνδρες Od. 1.198. Cf. Od. 2.232=Od. 5.10, Od. 8.575, Od. 17.388, 564, Od. 19.201. 6 Of discourse, stern, harsh, severe, hard: μύθῳ Il. 2.245, Il. 17.141, ὀνείδεσιν Il. 17.438, ἐπέεσσιν Il. 23.489, 492: Od. 3.148, μύθοισιν Od. 2.83, Od. 17.395, δήμου φῆμις Od. 14.239, ἀνάκτων ὁμοκλαί Od. 17.189, μῦθον (hard to sit down under) Od. 20.271. 7 Of winds, blustering, roaring, raging: θύελλαν Il. 21.335: ἄνεμοι Od. 12.286.",
  "citations": [
    {
      "urn": "urn:cite2:scaife-viewer:citations.atlas_v1:cunliffe_lex-90437",
      "data": {
        "quote": "",
        "ref": "Il. 23.623. Cf.",
        "urn": "urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0012.tlg001.perseus-grc2:23.623"
      }
    },
    {
      "urn": "urn:cite2:scaife-viewer:citations.atlas_v1:cunliffe_lex-90438",
      "data": {
        "quote": "",
        "ref": "Il. 5.384,",
        "urn": "urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0012.tlg001.perseus-grc2:5.384"
      }
    },
    {
      "urn": "urn:cite2:scaife-viewer:citations.atlas_v1:cunliffe_lex-90439",
      "data": {
        "quote": "",
        "ref": "391,",
        "urn": "urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0012.tlg001.perseus-grc2:5.391"
      }
    },
    {
      "urn": "urn:cite2:scaife-viewer:citations.atlas_v1:cunliffe_lex-90440",
      "data": {
        "quote": "",
        "ref": "Il. 13.624:",
        "urn": "urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0012.tlg001.perseus-grc2:13.624"
      }
    },
    {
      "urn": "urn:cite2:scaife-viewer:citations.atlas_v1:cunliffe_lex-90441",
      "data": {
        "quote": "",
        "ref": "Od. 2.193,",
        "urn": "urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0012.tlg002.perseus-grc2:2.193"
      }
    },
    {
      "urn": "urn:cite2:scaife-viewer:citations.atlas_v1:cunliffe_lex-90442",
      "data": {
        "quote": "",
        "ref": "Od. 10.464,",
        "urn": "urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0012.tlg002.perseus-grc2:10.464"
      }
    },
    {
      "urn": "urn:cite2:scaife-viewer:citations.atlas_v1:cunliffe_lex-90443",
      "data": {
        "quote": "",
        "ref": "Od. 11.292,",
        "urn": "urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0012.tlg002.perseus-grc2:11.292"
      }
    },
    {
      "urn": "urn:cite2:scaife-viewer:citations.atlas_v1:cunliffe_lex-90444",
      "data": {
        "quote": "",
        "ref": "622,",
        "urn": "urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0012.tlg002.perseus-grc2:11.622"
      }
    },
    {
      "urn": "urn:cite2:scaife-viewer:citations.atlas_v1:cunliffe_lex-90445",
      "data": {
        "quote": "",
        "ref": "Od. 21.377, etc.",
        "urn": "urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0012.tlg002.perseus-grc2:21.377"
      }
    },
    {
      "urn": "urn:cite2:scaife-viewer:citations.atlas_v1:cunliffe_lex-90446",
      "data": {
        "quote": "",
        "ref": "Il. 20.131.",
        "urn": "urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0012.tlg001.perseus-grc2:20.131"
      }
    },
    {
      "urn": "urn:cite2:scaife-viewer:citations.atlas_v1:cunliffe_lex-90447",
      "data": {
        "quote": "",
        "ref": "Il. 21.184:",
        "urn": "urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0012.tlg001.perseus-grc2:21.184"
      }
    },
    {
      "urn": "urn:cite2:scaife-viewer:citations.atlas_v1:cunliffe_lex-90448",
      "data": {
        "quote": "",
        "ref": "Od. 11.156,",
        "urn": "urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0012.tlg002.perseus-grc2:11.156"
      }
    },
    {
      "urn": "urn:cite2:scaife-viewer:citations.atlas_v1:cunliffe_lex-90449",
      "data": {
        "quote": "",
        "ref": "Od. 13.141,",
        "urn": "urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0012.tlg002.perseus-grc2:13.141"
      }
    },
    {
      "urn": "urn:cite2:scaife-viewer:citations.atlas_v1:cunliffe_lex-90450",
      "data": {
        "quote": "",
        "ref": "Od. 20.313,",
        "urn": "urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0012.tlg002.perseus-grc2:20.313"
      }
    },
    {
      "urn": "urn:cite2:scaife-viewer:citations.atlas_v1:cunliffe_lex-90451",
      "data": {
        "quote": "",
        "ref": "Od. 23.81.",
        "urn": "urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0012.tlg002.perseus-grc2:23.81"
      }
    },
    {
      "urn": "urn:cite2:scaife-viewer:citations.atlas_v1:cunliffe_lex-90452",
      "data": {
        "quote": "",
        "ref": "Il. 19.80:",
        "urn": "urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0012.tlg001.perseus-grc2:19.80"
      }
    },
    {
      "urn": "urn:cite2:scaife-viewer:citations.atlas_v1:cunliffe_lex-90453",
      "data": {
        "quote": "",
        "ref": "Od. 23.184.",
        "urn": "urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0012.tlg002.perseus-grc2:23.184"
      }
    },
    {
      "urn": "urn:cite2:scaife-viewer:citations.atlas_v1:cunliffe_lex-90454",
      "data": {
        "quote": "",
        "ref": "Od. 10.305.",
        "urn": "urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0012.tlg002.perseus-grc2:10.305"
      }
    },
    {
      "urn": "urn:cite2:scaife-viewer:citations.atlas_v1:cunliffe_lex-90455",
      "data": {
        "quote": "",
        "ref": "Il. 1.546.",
        "urn": "urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0012.tlg001.perseus-grc2:1.546"
      }
    },
    {
      "urn": "urn:cite2:scaife-viewer:citations.atlas_v1:cunliffe_lex-90456",
      "data": {
        "quote": "",
        "ref": "Od. 2.232=",
        "urn": "urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0012.tlg002.perseus-grc2:2.232"
      }
    },
    {
      "urn": "urn:cite2:scaife-viewer:citations.atlas_v1:cunliffe_lex-90457",
      "data": {
        "quote": "",
        "ref": "Od. 5.10,",
        "urn": "urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0012.tlg002.perseus-grc2:5.10"
      }
    },
    {
      "urn": "urn:cite2:scaife-viewer:citations.atlas_v1:cunliffe_lex-90458",
      "data": {
        "quote": "",
        "ref": "Od. 8.575,",
        "urn": "urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0012.tlg002.perseus-grc2:8.575"
      }
    },
    {
      "urn": "urn:cite2:scaife-viewer:citations.atlas_v1:cunliffe_lex-90459",
      "data": {
        "quote": "",
        "ref": "Od. 17.388,",
        "urn": "urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0012.tlg002.perseus-grc2:17.388"
      }
    },
    {
      "urn": "urn:cite2:scaife-viewer:citations.atlas_v1:cunliffe_lex-90460",
      "data": {
        "quote": "",
        "ref": "564,",
        "urn": "urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0012.tlg002.perseus-grc2:17.564"
      }
    },
    {
      "urn": "urn:cite2:scaife-viewer:citations.atlas_v1:cunliffe_lex-90461",
      "data": {
        "quote": "",
        "ref": "Od. 19.201.",
        "urn": "urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0012.tlg002.perseus-grc2:19.201"
      }
    },
    {
      "urn": "urn:cite2:scaife-viewer:citations.atlas_v1:cunliffe_lex-90462",
      "data": {
        "quote": "",
        "ref": "Il. 17.141,",
        "urn": "urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0012.tlg001.perseus-grc2:17.141"
      }
    },
    {
      "urn": "urn:cite2:scaife-viewer:citations.atlas_v1:cunliffe_lex-90463",
      "data": {
        "quote": "",
        "ref": "492:",
        "urn": "urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0012.tlg001.perseus-grc2:23.492"
      }
    },
    {
      "urn": "urn:cite2:scaife-viewer:citations.atlas_v1:cunliffe_lex-90464",
      "data": {
        "quote": "",
        "ref": "Od. 3.148,",
        "urn": "urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0012.tlg002.perseus-grc2:3.148"
      }
    },
    {
      "urn": "urn:cite2:scaife-viewer:citations.atlas_v1:cunliffe_lex-90465",
      "data": {
        "quote": "",
        "ref": "Od. 17.395,",
        "urn": "urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0012.tlg002.perseus-grc2:17.395"
      }
    },
    {
      "urn": "urn:cite2:scaife-viewer:citations.atlas_v1:cunliffe_lex-90466",
      "data": {
        "quote": "μῆνις",
        "ref": "Il. 5.178",
        "urn": "urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0012.tlg001.perseus-grc2:5.178"
      }
    },
    {
      "urn": "urn:cite2:scaife-viewer:citations.atlas_v1:cunliffe_lex-90467",
      "data": {
        "quote": "γῆρας",
        "ref": "Il. 8.103",
        "urn": "urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0012.tlg001.perseus-grc2:8.103"
      }
    },
    {
      "urn": "urn:cite2:scaife-viewer:citations.atlas_v1:cunliffe_lex-90468",
      "data": {
        "quote": "πένθος",
        "ref": "Od. 6.169",
        "urn": "urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0012.tlg002.perseus-grc2:6.169"
      }
    },
    {
      "urn": "urn:cite2:scaife-viewer:citations.atlas_v1:cunliffe_lex-90469",
      "data": {
        "quote": "φῆμιν",
        "ref": "Od. 24.201",
        "urn": "urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0012.tlg002.perseus-grc2:24.201"
      }
    },
    {
      "urn": "urn:cite2:scaife-viewer:citations.atlas_v1:cunliffe_lex-90470",
      "data": {
        "quote": "τοῦδέ μοι χαλεπώτερον εἶναι ἄεθλον",
        "ref": "Od. 11.624",
        "urn": "urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0012.tlg002.perseus-grc2:11.624"
      }
    },
    {
      "urn": "urn:cite2:scaife-viewer:citations.atlas_v1:cunliffe_lex-90471",
      "data": {
        "quote": "χαλεπὰ ὁρμαίνοντες ἀλλήλοις",
        "ref": "Od. 3.151",
        "urn": "urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0012.tlg002.perseus-grc2:3.151"
      }
    },
    {
      "urn": "urn:cite2:scaife-viewer:citations.atlas_v1:cunliffe_lex-90472",
      "data": {
        "quote": "λιμέσιν",
        "ref": "Od. 19.189",
        "urn": "urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0012.tlg002.perseus-grc2:19.189"
      }
    },
    {
      "urn": "urn:cite2:scaife-viewer:citations.atlas_v1:cunliffe_lex-90473",
      "data": {
        "quote": "χ. σε πάντων ἀνθρώπων σβέσσαι μένος",
        "ref": "Il. 16.620",
        "urn": "urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0012.tlg001.perseus-grc2:16.620"
      }
    },
    {
      "urn": "urn:cite2:scaife-viewer:citations.atlas_v1:cunliffe_lex-90474",
      "data": {
        "quote": "χ. κεν ἀνήνασθαι δόσιν εἴη",
        "ref": "Od. 4.651",
        "urn": "urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0012.tlg002.perseus-grc2:4.651"
      }
    },
    {
      "urn": "urn:cite2:scaife-viewer:citations.atlas_v1:cunliffe_lex-90475",
      "data": {
        "quote": "χαλεπή τοι ἐγὼ μένος ἀντιφέρεσθαι",
        "ref": "Il. 21.482",
        "urn": "urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0012.tlg001.perseus-grc2:21.482"
      }
    },
    {
      "urn": "urn:cite2:scaife-viewer:citations.atlas_v1:cunliffe_lex-90476",
      "data": {
        "quote": "κεραυνός",
        "ref": "Il. 14.417",
        "urn": "urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0012.tlg001.perseus-grc2:14.417"
      }
    },
    {
      "urn": "urn:cite2:scaife-viewer:citations.atlas_v1:cunliffe_lex-90477",
      "data": {
        "quote": "ἄνδρες",
        "ref": "Od. 1.198",
        "urn": "urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0012.tlg002.perseus-grc2:1.198"
      }
    },
    {
      "urn": "urn:cite2:scaife-viewer:citations.atlas_v1:cunliffe_lex-90478",
      "data": {
        "quote": "μύθῳ",
        "ref": "Il. 2.245",
        "urn": "urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0012.tlg001.perseus-grc2:2.245"
      }
    },
    {
      "urn": "urn:cite2:scaife-viewer:citations.atlas_v1:cunliffe_lex-90479",
      "data": {
        "quote": "ὀνείδεσιν",
        "ref": "Il. 17.438",
        "urn": "urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0012.tlg001.perseus-grc2:17.438"
      }
    },
    {
      "urn": "urn:cite2:scaife-viewer:citations.atlas_v1:cunliffe_lex-90480",
      "data": {
        "quote": "ἐπέεσσιν",
        "ref": "Il. 23.489",
        "urn": "urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0012.tlg001.perseus-grc2:23.489"
      }
    },
    {
      "urn": "urn:cite2:scaife-viewer:citations.atlas_v1:cunliffe_lex-90481",
      "data": {
        "quote": "μύθοισιν",
        "ref": "Od. 2.83",
        "urn": "urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0012.tlg002.perseus-grc2:2.83"
      }
    },
    {
      "urn": "urn:cite2:scaife-viewer:citations.atlas_v1:cunliffe_lex-90482",
      "data": {
        "quote": "δήμου φῆμις",
        "ref": "Od. 14.239",
        "urn": "urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0012.tlg002.perseus-grc2:14.239"
      }
    },
    {
      "urn": "urn:cite2:scaife-viewer:citations.atlas_v1:cunliffe_lex-90483",
      "data": {
        "quote": "ἀνάκτων ὁμοκλαί",
        "ref": "Od. 17.189",
        "urn": "urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0012.tlg002.perseus-grc2:17.189"
      }
    },
    {
      "urn": "urn:cite2:scaife-viewer:citations.atlas_v1:cunliffe_lex-90484",
      "data": {
        "quote": "μῦθον",
        "ref": "Od. 20.271",
        "urn": "urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0012.tlg002.perseus-grc2:20.271"
      }
    },
    {
      "urn": "urn:cite2:scaife-viewer:citations.atlas_v1:cunliffe_lex-90485",
      "data": {
        "quote": "θύελλαν",
        "ref": "Il. 21.335",
        "urn": "urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0012.tlg001.perseus-grc2:21.335"
      }
    },
    {
      "urn": "urn:cite2:scaife-viewer:citations.atlas_v1:cunliffe_lex-90486",
      "data": {
        "quote": "ἄνεμοι",
        "ref": "Od. 12.286",
        "urn": "urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0012.tlg002.perseus-grc2:12.286"
      }
    }
  ],
  "key": "xalepo/s",
  "type": "textpart"
}