urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0012.tlg002.perseus-grc2:11.299 (line)

κρατερόφρων

stout-hearted, dauntless, epith. of Heracles, Il. 14.324; the Dioscuri, Od. 11.299; Odysseus, 4.333; a wild beast, Il. 10.184; ἀδάμαντος ἔχον κρατερόφρονα θυμόν Hes. Op. 147, cf. Orph. Fr. 164; Διὸς κρατερόφρονι κούρῃ, of Athena, IG 1(2).503.

Τυνδάρεος

Τυνδάρεος Husband of Leda and by her father of Castor-1 and Polydeuces Od. 11.298 , 299. And of Clytaemnestra Od. 24.199. Also nominal father of Helen Il. 3.236 (daughter of Zeus ).

γίγνομαι

γίγνομαι [redup. fr. γ(ε)ν-.] A 3 sing. pa. iterative γενέσκετο Od. 11.208. Aor. γενόμην Il. 18.102, Il. 19.219, Il. 21.440: Od. 8.311, Od. 14.141. 2 sing. γένευ Il. 5.897. 3 sing. γένετο Il. 1.49, Il. 6.153, Il. 13.417, Il. 23.526, etc.: Od. 2.26, Od. 4.11, Od. 24.292, etc. 3 dual γενέσθην Il. 5.548: Od. 11.255, 307, 312. 1 pl. γενόμεσθα Il. 21.89. With metrical lengthening of the first syllable γεινόμεθα Il. 22.477 (v.l. γιγνόμεθα). 2 pl. ἐγένεσθε Il. 2.323. 3 pl. (ἐ)γένοντο Il. 3.84, Il. 4.382, Il. 5.63, Il. 7.313, etc.: Od. 7.144, Od. 8.234, Od. 18.345, Od. 21.24, etc. Subj. γένωμαι Il. 8.180, Il. 16.39, Il. 22.358: Od. 5.473, Od. 11.73, Od. 22.167. 2 sing. -ηαι Il. 8.282, Il. 11.797: Od. 10.486. 3 sing. -ηται Il. 1.341, Il. 6.489, Il. 19.201, etc.: Od. 2.374, Od. 8.553, Od. 17.23, etc. 1 pl. -ώμεθα Il. 10.193, Il. 13.236, Il. 17.636. 2 pl. -ησθε Il. 5.488. 3 pl. -ωνται Il. 2.397, Il. 20.308. Opt. γενοίμην Il. 17.38: Od. 14.338, Od. 16.103. 2 sing. -οιο Od. 9.456, Od. 14.440, Od. 15.341, Od. 18.79. 3 sing. -οιτο Il. 4.17, Il. 8.26, Il. 13.233, etc.: Od. 3.129, Od. 8.414, Od. 18.161, etc. 1 pl. -οίμεθα Il. 13.485. 2 pl. -οισθε Il. 7.99. 3 pl. -οίατο Il. 2.340: Od. 1.266, Od. 4.346, Od. 17.137. 3 sing. imp. γενέσθω Il. 8.181: Od. 5.224, Od. 17.285, Od. 22.491. Pple. (with metrical lengthening of the first syllable) γεινόμενος, -ου (vv. ll. γιγνόμενος, -ου) Il. 10.71, Il. 20.128, Il. 23.79, Il. 24.210: Od. 4.208, Od. 7.198. Infin. γενέσθαι Il. 3.323, Il. 7.199, Il. 17.151, etc.: Od. 1.220, Od. 4.173, Od. 15.480, etc. 3 sing. pf. γέγονε Il. 19.122. 3 pl. γεγάασι Il. 4.325: Od. 5.35, Od. 6.62, Od. 9.118, Od. 10.5, Od. 13.160, Od. 19.279, Od. 24.84. 3 sing. plupf. γεγόνει Il. 13.355. Acc. sing. masc. pple. γεγαῶτα Il. 9.456: Od. 4.112, 144, Od. 19.400. Acc. pl. γεγαῶτας Il. 2.866. (For these pf. forms cf. μάω, μέμονα under μάω.) B 2 sing. aor. ἐγείναο Il. 5.880. 3 sing. (ἐ)γείνατο Il. 1.280, Il. 4.476, Il. 5.800, Il. 13.777, Il. 15.526, Il. 21.85, etc.: Od. 1.223, Od. 4.13, Od. 6.25, Od. 7.57, 61, Od. 11.268, 299, Od. 15.242, Od. 21.172. 2 sing. subj. γείνεαι Od. 20.202. Infin. γείνασθαι Il. 21.160: Od. 8.312. (ἐγ-, ἐκ-, ἐπι-, παρα-, περι-, προ-.) I In pres. and impf. and forms (A), to come into being. 1 To be born, take one's being: τράφεν ἠδʼ ἐγένοντο Il. 1.251, τῶν ἓξ ἐγένοντο Il. 5.270, πρότερος γενόμην (am the elder) Il. 19.219, Il. 21.440. Cf. Il. 5.548, 897, Il. 6.206, 489, Il. 10.71, etc.: τοῦ μʼ ἔκ φασι γενέσθαι Od. 1.220, γαμέοντί τε γεινομένῳ τε Od. 4.208. Cf. Od. 3.28, Od. 4.723, Od. 7.198, Od. 8.311, Od. 10.350, etc. 2 In pf., to be in the condition of having been born; hence simply, to exist, live, be: οἳ ὁπλότεροι γεγάασιν Il. 4.325: ἐν αἶγες γεγάασιν Od. 9.118, οἳ νῦν γεγάασιν Od. 24.84. Cf. Od. 5.35 = Od. 19.279, Od. 6.62, Od. 10.5, Od. 13.160. In more strict pf. sense: ἤδη ἀνὴρ γέγονʼ ἐσθλός (has been born, is born) Il. 19.122. Sim. in plupf.: Ζεὺς πρότερος γεγόνει (had been born earlier, was the elder) Il. 13.355. In pple., born Il. 9.456: Od. 4.112, 144, Od. 19.400. So ὑπὸ τμώλῳ γεγαῶτας (born (and dwelling) there) Il. 2.866. 3 To come into view or notice, be seen, heard, etc.: κλαγγή Il. 1.49, ὀδμή Il. 14.415, σέλας Il. 19.374. Cf. Il. 4.456, Il. 10.375, Il. 11.50, Il. 15.607, Il. 22.150, etc.: Od. 12.87, 396, Od. 22.77, 133, Od. 23.137. 4 Of natural phenomena, natural products, etc., to come into being, rise, grow, be: φύλλα καὶ ἄνθεα Il. 2.468. Cf. Il. 2.397: ἐκ νυκτῶν ἄνεμοι γίγνονται Od. 12.287, ἐν οἶνος γίγνεται Od. 13.245, χιὼν γένετο (fell) Od. 14.476. Cf. Od. 9.51, Od. 12.326, Od. 17.23, Od. 22.491. 5 To come to or upon, fall to, befall, be the lot of, affect (a person). With dat.: Πηλεΐωνι ἄχος Il. 1.188, αἰδώς οἱ Il. 24.45. Cf. Il. 3.323, Il. 4.245, 289, Il. 9.125, Il. 14.98, Il. 19.274, etc.: παντα οἱ γένοιτο Od. 17.355, μὴ νῶϊν ἔρις γένηται Od. 18.13. Cf. Od. 8.414, Od. 11.208, Od. 18.122 = Od. 20.199, Od. 18.366, Od. 19.569, Od. 21.412. For ἐμὲ χρεὼ γίγνεται Od. 4.634 see χρειώ 1.a. Without case: ποινὴ οὔ τις ἐγίγνετο Il. 13.659. Cf. Il. 1.341, Il. 9.380, Il. 21.529: Od. 22.306. 6 To be manifested or shown, to be, come into play, take effect: οὔ τις φειδὼ γίγνεται (there is no . . .) Il. 7.410, μνημοσύνη τις γενέσθω (let there be . . .) Il. 8.181. Cf. Il. 15.359, Il. 23.505: εἰ γὰρ ἐπʼ ἀρῇσιν τέλος γένοιτο Od. 17.496. Cf. Od. 10.202 = 568. 7 To happen, occur, come round, come to pass, take place: ἠώς Il. 1.493, τάδε ἔργα Il. 6.348, ἀγορή Il. 7.345. Cf. Il. 3.110, 176, Il. 8.130, Il. 17.686, Il. 24.436, etc.: νόστον γενέσθαι Od. 4.173. Cf. Od. 1.379, Od. 2.26, 374, Od. 3.129, 228, Od. 4.747, Od. 5.299, Od. 11.537, Od. 12.191, Od. 24.455, 461, etc. 8 To become, come to be, prove to be so and so: ὁμηγερέες Il. 1.57, ἄνεῳ Il. 2.323, ἐν πυρὶ βουλαὶ γενοίατο (be cast) 340, κλισίῃσιν ἐν Ἀτρεΐδαο γένοντο (reached the . . .) Il. 7.313. Cf. Il. 2.453, Il. 3.71, Il. 4.17, 466, Il. 8.180, Il. 20.497, Il. 22.421, etc.: λέων γένετο Od. 4.456, ὄφρʼ ἔτι δύης ἐπὶ πῆμα γενοίμην (be brought into . . .) Od. 14.338, φόνος οἱ γένοντο Od. 21.24. Cf. Od. 1.266, Od. 3.271, Od. 7.154, 316, Od. 15.446, Od. 16.175, etc. 9 Passes from this last sense into that, practically, of the copula, to be so and so: οὔ πώ τις ὁμοῖος γένετʼ ἀνήρ (was) Il. 2.553, ὃν κάρτιστον Ἀχαιῶν φημὶ γενέσθαι (that he is) Il. 6.98, ζαχρηεῖς γίγνοντο (were wont to be) Il. 13.684, ἀρίγνωτος Διὸς γίγνεται ἀλκή Il. 15.490. Cf. Il. 4.375, Il. 6.153, 210, Il. 13.569, Il. 16.746, Il. 20.220, etc.: οὐ νηὸς ἐπήβολος γίγνομαι Od. 2.320, τηλύγετος Od. 4.11 (after ἐκ δούλης in 12 supply γεγαώς). Cf. Od. 4.201, 362, Od. 5.224, Od. 8.586, Od. 9.35, Od. 17.223, Od. 19.344, Od. 22.130, etc. II In forms (B), to give (a person) being. 1 Of the father, to beget: παῖδα γείνατο τυδεύς Il. 5.800. Cf. Il. 4.400, Il. 5.880, Il. 15.526, Il. 21.160: υἷε κραταιώ Od. 15.242. Cf. Od. 7.61, Od. 20.202. 2 Of the mother, to bear: θεά σε γείνατο μήτηρ Il. 1.280. Cf. Il. 3.238, Il. 4.476, Il. 5.896, Il. 6.24, 26, Il. 24.608, etc.: ἥ ῥʼ Ἡρακλῆα γείνατο Od. 11.268. Cf. Od. 1.223, Od. 4.13, Od. 6.25, Od. 11.299, Od. 21.172. 3 Of both parents Il. 7.10, Il. 21.142: Od. 7.57, Od. 8.312.

γίγνομαι

γίγνομαι [redup. fr. γ(ε)ν-.] A 3 sing. pa. iterative γενέσκετο Od. 11.208. Aor. γενόμην Il. 18.102, Il. 19.219, Il. 21.440: Od. 8.311, Od. 14.141. 2 sing. γένευ Il. 5.897. 3 sing. γένετο Il. 1.49, Il. 6.153, Il. 13.417, Il. 23.526, etc.: Od. 2.26, Od. 4.11, Od. 24.292, etc. 3 dual γενέσθην Il. 5.548: Od. 11.255, 307, 312. 1 pl. γενόμεσθα Il. 21.89. With metrical lengthening of the first syllable γεινόμεθα Il. 22.477 (v.l. γιγνόμεθα). 2 pl. ἐγένεσθε Il. 2.323. 3 pl. (ἐ)γένοντο Il. 3.84, Il. 4.382, Il. 5.63, Il. 7.313, etc.: Od. 7.144, Od. 8.234, Od. 18.345, Od. 21.24, etc. Subj. γένωμαι Il. 8.180, Il. 16.39, Il. 22.358: Od. 5.473, Od. 11.73, Od. 22.167. 2 sing. -ηαι Il. 8.282, Il. 11.797: Od. 10.486. 3 sing. -ηται Il. 1.341, Il. 6.489, Il. 19.201, etc.: Od. 2.374, Od. 8.553, Od. 17.23, etc. 1 pl. -ώμεθα Il. 10.193, Il. 13.236, Il. 17.636. 2 pl. -ησθε Il. 5.488. 3 pl. -ωνται Il. 2.397, Il. 20.308. Opt. γενοίμην Il. 17.38: Od. 14.338, Od. 16.103. 2 sing. -οιο Od. 9.456, Od. 14.440, Od. 15.341, Od. 18.79. 3 sing. -οιτο Il. 4.17, Il. 8.26, Il. 13.233, etc.: Od. 3.129, Od. 8.414, Od. 18.161, etc. 1 pl. -οίμεθα Il. 13.485. 2 pl. -οισθε Il. 7.99. 3 pl. -οίατο Il. 2.340: Od. 1.266, Od. 4.346, Od. 17.137. 3 sing. imp. γενέσθω Il. 8.181: Od. 5.224, Od. 17.285, Od. 22.491. Pple. (with metrical lengthening of the first syllable) γεινόμενος, -ου (vv. ll. γιγνόμενος, -ου) Il. 10.71, Il. 20.128, Il. 23.79, Il. 24.210: Od. 4.208, Od. 7.198. Infin. γενέσθαι Il. 3.323, Il. 7.199, Il. 17.151, etc.: Od. 1.220, Od. 4.173, Od. 15.480, etc. 3 sing. pf. γέγονε Il. 19.122. 3 pl. γεγάασι Il. 4.325: Od. 5.35, Od. 6.62, Od. 9.118, Od. 10.5, Od. 13.160, Od. 19.279, Od. 24.84. 3 sing. plupf. γεγόνει Il. 13.355. Acc. sing. masc. pple. γεγαῶτα Il. 9.456: Od. 4.112, 144, Od. 19.400. Acc. pl. γεγαῶτας Il. 2.866. (For these pf. forms cf. μάω, μέμονα under μάω.) B 2 sing. aor. ἐγείναο Il. 5.880. 3 sing. (ἐ)γείνατο Il. 1.280, Il. 4.476, Il. 5.800, Il. 13.777, Il. 15.526, Il. 21.85, etc.: Od. 1.223, Od. 4.13, Od. 6.25, Od. 7.57, 61, Od. 11.268, 299, Od. 15.242, Od. 21.172. 2 sing. subj. γείνεαι Od. 20.202. Infin. γείνασθαι Il. 21.160: Od. 8.312. (ἐγ-, ἐκ-, ἐπι-, παρα-, περι-, προ-.) I In pres. and impf. and forms (A), to come into being. 1 To be born, take one's being: τράφεν ἠδʼ ἐγένοντο Il. 1.251, τῶν ἓξ ἐγένοντο Il. 5.270, πρότερος γενόμην (am the elder) Il. 19.219, Il. 21.440. Cf. Il. 5.548, 897, Il. 6.206, 489, Il. 10.71, etc.: τοῦ μʼ ἔκ φασι γενέσθαι Od. 1.220, γαμέοντί τε γεινομένῳ τε Od. 4.208. Cf. Od. 3.28, Od. 4.723, Od. 7.198, Od. 8.311, Od. 10.350, etc. 2 In pf., to be in the condition of having been born; hence simply, to exist, live, be: οἳ ὁπλότεροι γεγάασιν Il. 4.325: ἐν αἶγες γεγάασιν Od. 9.118, οἳ νῦν γεγάασιν Od. 24.84. Cf. Od. 5.35 = Od. 19.279, Od. 6.62, Od. 10.5, Od. 13.160. In more strict pf. sense: ἤδη ἀνὴρ γέγονʼ ἐσθλός (has been born, is born) Il. 19.122. Sim. in plupf.: Ζεὺς πρότερος γεγόνει (had been born earlier, was the elder) Il. 13.355. In pple., born Il. 9.456: Od. 4.112, 144, Od. 19.400. So ὑπὸ τμώλῳ γεγαῶτας (born (and dwelling) there) Il. 2.866. 3 To come into view or notice, be seen, heard, etc.: κλαγγή Il. 1.49, ὀδμή Il. 14.415, σέλας Il. 19.374. Cf. Il. 4.456, Il. 10.375, Il. 11.50, Il. 15.607, Il. 22.150, etc.: Od. 12.87, 396, Od. 22.77, 133, Od. 23.137. 4 Of natural phenomena, natural products, etc., to come into being, rise, grow, be: φύλλα καὶ ἄνθεα Il. 2.468. Cf. Il. 2.397: ἐκ νυκτῶν ἄνεμοι γίγνονται Od. 12.287, ἐν οἶνος γίγνεται Od. 13.245, χιὼν γένετο (fell) Od. 14.476. Cf. Od. 9.51, Od. 12.326, Od. 17.23, Od. 22.491. 5 To come to or upon, fall to, befall, be the lot of, affect (a person). With dat.: Πηλεΐωνι ἄχος Il. 1.188, αἰδώς οἱ Il. 24.45. Cf. Il. 3.323, Il. 4.245, 289, Il. 9.125, Il. 14.98, Il. 19.274, etc.: παντα οἱ γένοιτο Od. 17.355, μὴ νῶϊν ἔρις γένηται Od. 18.13. Cf. Od. 8.414, Od. 11.208, Od. 18.122 = Od. 20.199, Od. 18.366, Od. 19.569, Od. 21.412. For ἐμὲ χρεὼ γίγνεται Od. 4.634 see χρειώ 1.a. Without case: ποινὴ οὔ τις ἐγίγνετο Il. 13.659. Cf. Il. 1.341, Il. 9.380, Il. 21.529: Od. 22.306. 6 To be manifested or shown, to be, come into play, take effect: οὔ τις φειδὼ γίγνεται (there is no . . .) Il. 7.410, μνημοσύνη τις γενέσθω (let there be . . .) Il. 8.181. Cf. Il. 15.359, Il. 23.505: εἰ γὰρ ἐπʼ ἀρῇσιν τέλος γένοιτο Od. 17.496. Cf. Od. 10.202 = 568. 7 To happen, occur, come round, come to pass, take place: ἠώς Il. 1.493, τάδε ἔργα Il. 6.348, ἀγορή Il. 7.345. Cf. Il. 3.110, 176, Il. 8.130, Il. 17.686, Il. 24.436, etc.: νόστον γενέσθαι Od. 4.173. Cf. Od. 1.379, Od. 2.26, 374, Od. 3.129, 228, Od. 4.747, Od. 5.299, Od. 11.537, Od. 12.191, Od. 24.455, 461, etc. 8 To become, come to be, prove to be so and so: ὁμηγερέες Il. 1.57, ἄνεῳ Il. 2.323, ἐν πυρὶ βουλαὶ γενοίατο (be cast) 340, κλισίῃσιν ἐν Ἀτρεΐδαο γένοντο (reached the . . .) Il. 7.313. Cf. Il. 2.453, Il. 3.71, Il. 4.17, 466, Il. 8.180, Il. 20.497, Il. 22.421, etc.: λέων γένετο Od. 4.456, ὄφρʼ ἔτι δύης ἐπὶ πῆμα γενοίμην (be brought into . . .) Od. 14.338, φόνος οἱ γένοντο Od. 21.24. Cf. Od. 1.266, Od. 3.271, Od. 7.154, 316, Od. 15.446, Od. 16.175, etc. 9 Passes from this last sense into that, practically, of the copula, to be so and so: οὔ πώ τις ὁμοῖος γένετʼ ἀνήρ (was) Il. 2.553, ὃν κάρτιστον Ἀχαιῶν φημὶ γενέσθαι (that he is) Il. 6.98, ζαχρηεῖς γίγνοντο (were wont to be) Il. 13.684, ἀρίγνωτος Διὸς γίγνεται ἀλκή Il. 15.490. Cf. Il. 4.375, Il. 6.153, 210, Il. 13.569, Il. 16.746, Il. 20.220, etc.: οὐ νηὸς ἐπήβολος γίγνομαι Od. 2.320, τηλύγετος Od. 4.11 (after ἐκ δούλης in 12 supply γεγαώς). Cf. Od. 4.201, 362, Od. 5.224, Od. 8.586, Od. 9.35, Od. 17.223, Od. 19.344, Od. 22.130, etc. II In forms (B), to give (a person) being. 1 Of the father, to beget: παῖδα γείνατο τυδεύς Il. 5.800. Cf. Il. 4.400, Il. 5.880, Il. 15.526, Il. 21.160: υἷε κραταιώ Od. 15.242. Cf. Od. 7.61, Od. 20.202. 2 Of the mother, to bear: θεά σε γείνατο μήτηρ Il. 1.280. Cf. Il. 3.238, Il. 4.476, Il. 5.896, Il. 6.24, 26, Il. 24.608, etc.: ἥ ῥʼ Ἡρακλῆα γείνατο Od. 11.268. Cf. Od. 1.223, Od. 4.13, Od. 6.25, Od. 11.299, Od. 21.172. 3 Of both parents Il. 7.10, Il. 21.142: Od. 7.57, Od. 8.312.

κρατερόφρων

κρατερόφρων -ονος [κρατερός + φρήν.] Stouthearted Il. 14.324 : Od. 4.333 =Od. 17.124, Od. 11.299. Of a beast Il. 10.184.

παῖς

παῖς also πάϊς, παιδός, ὁ, ἡ. Voc. πάϊ Od. 24.192. παῖ Od. 11.553. Genit. pl. παίδων Il. 8.57, Il. 15.663, Il. 20.304, Il. 24.539, etc. : Od. 3.401, Od. 7.70, Od. 15.22, Od. 24.434, etc. Dat. παίδεσσι Od. 3.381, Od. 5.394, Od. 11.431. παισί Il. 2.337, Il. 6.283, Il. 12.435, Il. 21.185, etc. : Od. 7.149, Od. 13.62, 258. A child. 1 In reference to age, boy : μή τί μευ ἠΰτε παιδὸς πειρήτιζε Il. 7.235. Cf. Il. 2.289, Il. 6.467, Il. 8.271, Il. 11.558, 710, Il. 16.260, etc. : Od. 4.32, 665, 688, Od. 6.300, Od. 18.216, Od. 21.95, Od. 22.358. 2 In reference to relationship. a A son : Πριάμοιο παῖδες Il. 1.255. Cf. Il. 1.393, Il. 2.205, Il. 5.386, Il. 6.26, Il. 10.170, Il. 11.783, etc. : παῦροι παῖδες ὁμοῖος πατρὶ πέλονται Od. 2.276. Cf. Od. 1.207, Od. 3.196, Od. 4.164, Od. 7.149, Od. 9.519, Od. 11.299, etc. b A daughter : παῖδʼ ἐμοὶ λύσαιτε φίλην Il. 1.20. Cf. Il. 1.443, 447, Il. 3.175, Il. 5.880, Il. 22.51 : ὅσσα ἔοικε φίλης ἐπὶ παιδὸς ἕπεσθαι Od. 1.278=Od. 2.197. Cf. Od. 4.13, 263, Od. 7.65, 300, 313, Od. 8.488, Od. 10.139, Od. 11.604, Od. 18.323. c Without distinction of gender : ἵνα παισὶν ἀεικέα μισθὸν ἄρηται Il. 12.435. Cf. Il. 4.131, Il. 5.408, Il. 7.334, Il. 8.57, Il. 10.422, Il. 15.497, etc. : Od. 3.381, Od. 5.394, Od. 7.70, Od. 9.115, Od. 10.5, Od. 11.431, Od. 13.62, etc. d Used by elders in addressing younger persons : μηκέτι, παῖδε φίλω, πολεμίζετε Il. 7.279.

ὑπό

ὑπό Also ὑπαί Il. 2.824, Il. 3.217, Il. 10.376, Il. 11.417, etc. (ὑπό commonly with anastrophe when immediately following the vb. or case-form.) I Adv. 1 From under or beneath something : ὑπαὶ δὲ ἴδεσκεν (looked up from under his brow) Il. 3.217 (cf. ὑπόδρα), ἔλυεν ὑφʼ ἷππους Il. 23.513. Cf. Il. 18.319. 2 From the power, range or reach of something: ἦλθε φυγὼν ὕπο νηλεὲς ἦμαρ Il. 21.57. Cf. Il. 12.113, Il. 13.395: Od. 9.17, Od. 23.332. 3 Under or beneath something, underneath, below: ὑφʼ ἕρματα τάνυσσαν Il. 1.486, ὑπὸ τρόμος ἔλλαβε γυῖα Il. 3.34, Il. 14.506, ὑπὸ γλῶσσαν τάμεν (at the root) Il. 5.74. Cf. Il. 7.6, Il. 10.155, Il. 11.579, 635, Il. 14.240, etc.: Od. 1.130, Od. 4.636 (at the teat), Od. 8.436, Od. 11.527, Od. 16.47, Od. 23.204, etc. 4 Indicating coming under an obligation or undertaking. See ἔχω (IV) (4). 5 Indicating occasion, cause, accompaniment, thereat, therewith, thereto: ὑπό κεν ταλασίφρονά περ δέος εἷλεν Il. 4.421, χώρησαν δʼ ὑπὸ πρόμαχοι Il. 4.505, ὑπὸ δʼ ἔστρεφον ἡνιοχῆες (following the movement of the lines) Il. 5.505. Cf. Il. 4.497, Il. 8.4, Il. 11.417, Il. 18.570 (to the lyre), Il. 23.108, etc.: Od. 4.113, Od. 8.380, Od. 16.215, Od. 21.411, etc. II Prep. 1 With genit. a From under or beneath: ὑπὸ δʼ ἥρεον ἕρματα νηῶν Il. 2.154. Cf. Il. 8.543, Il. 13.611, Il. 19.17, etc.: κρήνη [ῥέει] ὑπὸ σπείους Od. 9.141. Cf. Od. 4.39, Od. 7.5, Od. 9.463, Od. 22.364, etc. So with ablative: ζυγόφιν Il. 19.404, Il. 24.576, ὄχεσφιν Il. 23.7. b In reference to saving or escaping, away from, from, from out of: ἐρύεσθαι ὑπὸ Τρώων ὀρυμαγδοῦ Il. 9.248. Cf. Il. 8.363, Il. 12.74, Il. 17.224, 645, Il. 19.73: ἀνσχεθέειν ὑπὸ κύματος ὁρμῆς Od. 5.320. Sim. in reference to carrying off from a protector: νεκρὸν ὑπʼ Αἴαντος ἐρύειν Il. 17.235. Cf. Il. 13.198. c In reference to position, under, beneath, underneath: ἱμάς, ὅς οἱ ὑπʼ ἀνθερεῶνος τέτατο Il. 3.372. Cf. Il. 5.796, Il. 8.14, Il. 21.318, Il. 23.874: οὔ πω ἐτέθαπτο ὑπὸ χθονὸς εὐρυοδείης Od. 11.52. Sim. in reference to taking hold or grasping: ὑπʼ ἀνθερεῶνος ἑλοῦσα Il. 1.501. Cf. Il. 11.842. d Passing into the next sense: ὑπὸ δὲ στεναχίζετο γαῖα λαῶν ἱζόντων Il. 2.95, σμῶδιξ ἐξυπανέστη σκήπτρου ὕπο 268. Cf. Il. 13.27, Il. 14.285, etc.: Od. 9.484, Od. 12.406, Od. 16.10, etc. e Under the influence of, under compulsion or stress of, by the power, force, agency or means of, caused by, under, because of, by reason of, by, from, before, at: εὖτʼ ἂν ὑφʼ Ἕκτορος πίπτωσιν Il. 1.242, μὴ ὑπʼ αὐτοῦ δουρὶ δαμήῃς Il. 3.436, ὑπὸ ζεφύροιο ἰωῆς Il. 4.276. Cf. Il. 2.334, Il. 3.61, 128, Il. 5.92, Il. 6.73, Il. 7.64, Il. 8.149, 183, Il. 10.376, Il. 11.119, 391, Il. 12.462, Il. 13.140, Il. 14.414, Il. 15.171, 275 (at the sound of it), Il. 16.519, Il. 21.12, Il. 23.86, etc.: ὑπʼ ἀνάγκης Od. 2.110, ὑπὸ κύματος ἀρθείς Od. 5.393. Cf. Od. 7.263, Od. 8.192, Od. 9.66, Od. 10.78, Od. 19.114, etc. f In reference to accompaniment: δαΐδων ὕπο (to the light of . . .) Il. 18.492: Od. 19.48, Od. 23.290. g In reference to motion to a point under something: ὡς ὅτε κῦμʼ ἐν νηῒ πέσῃσι λάβρον ὑπαὶ νεφέων (seeming to reach them) Il. 15.625. Cf. Il. 16.375: τὸν μοχλὸν ὑπὸ σποδοῦ ἤλασα Od. 9.375. Cf. Od. 5.346, 373. With verbs of striking, etc.: ὑπὸ στέρνοιο τυχήσας Il. 4.106. Cf. Il. 13.177, 671, Il. 14.493, Il. 23.875, etc.– h In reference to passing under something: βάλʼ αὐχένʼ ὑπὸ στεφάνης Il. 7.12. Cf. Il. 11.259, 424, 579=Il. 13.412=Il. 17.349, Il. 16.339, 347, Il. 21.591: Od. 18.96. 2 With dat. a In reference to position, under, beneath, underneath: ὑπὸ πλατανίστῳ Il. 2.307, ἐπεὶ ζεύξειεν ὑφʼ ἅρμασιν ἵππους Il. 24.14. Cf. Il. 4.44, Il. 6.396, Il. 9.472, Il. 10.152, Il. 13.88, Il. 16.378, Il. 18.244, etc. : Od. 1.186, Od. 3.478, Od. 4.153, Od. 8.522, Od. 9.443, Od. 10.359, Od. 14.533, Od. 15.469, etc. So with locative: ὄχεσφιν Il. 8.41, κράτεσφιν Il. 10.156, etc. Sim.: βορέω ὑπʼ ἰωγῇ Od. 14.533. In pregnant sense: ποσσὶ δʼ ὑπʼ ἐδήσατο πέδιλα Il. 2.44. Cf. Il. 5.693, Il. 8.267, Il. 18.375, Il. 24.644, etc.: Od. 1.96, Od. 4.297, Od. 9.245, Od. 22.449, etc. b Passing into the next sense: ὑπὸ ποσσὶ στεναχίζετο γαῖα Il. 2.784. Cf. Il. 3.13, Il. 11.151, Il. 13.19, Il. 19.363, Il. 20.497, etc.: εἴκοι ὑπὸ βῶλος ἀρότρῳ Od. 18.374. c =1.e : χερσὶν ὑφʼ ἡμετέρῃσιν ἁλοῦσα Il. 2.374 θεῶν ὑπὸ πομπῇ (under their conduct) Il. 6.171, ὕπνῳ ὕπο Il. 24.636. Cf. Il. 3.352, Il. 5.93, Il. 6.453, Il. 7.129, Il. 11.433, Il. 13.590, etc.: ὤλεθʼ ὑπʼ Αἰγίσθοιο δόλῳ Od. 3.235, γήρᾳ ὕπο λιπαρῷ ἀρημένον Od. 11.136. Cf. Od. 4.295, 402, 790, Od. 7.193, Od. 13.82, Od. 18.156, Od. 19.488, etc. So with locative: ἐπόρνυέ οἱ μόρσιμον ἦμαρ ὑπὸ Πηλεΐδαο βίηφιν Il. 15.614. d In subjection to, under the charge or guidance of, under: ὑφʼ ἡνιόχῳ εἰωθότι Il. 5.231. Cf. Il. 6.159, Il. 9.156, 298: δέδμητο λαός ὑπʼ αὐτῷ Od. 3.305. Cf. Od. 7.68. e Indicating the subjection of the female to the male in conception and in reference to the bearing of offspring, by: ἥ μιν ὑπʼ Ἀγχίσῃ τέκεν Il. 5.313. Cf. Il. 2.714, Il. 7.469, Il. 14.492, etc.: ἥ ῤʼ ὑπὸ τυνδαρέῳ γείνατο παῖδε Od. 11.299. Sim.: Ἀφροδίτης, τὴν ἄρʼ ὑπὸ μνηστῆρσιν ἔχον Od. 22.445. 3 With acc. a In reference to motion to a point under something: ὑπὸ Ἴλιον ἦλθεν (to the walls of . . .) Il. 2.216, ὑπὸ σπέος ἤλασε μῆλα Il. 4.279. Cf. Il. 4.407, Il. 5.731, Il. 8.271, Il. 11.181, Il. 12.264, Od. 18.145, Il. 22.195, Il. 23.51, etc.: Od. 3.335, Od. 4.146, 425, 445, Od. 5.481, Od. 9.99, Od. 10.191, Od. 14.469, Od. 20.81, Od. 24.234, etc. With verbs of striking, etc.: βάλε λαιμὸν ὑπʼ ἀνθερεῶνα Il. 13.388. Cf. Il. 13.615, Il. 17.309, Il. 20.275. b In reference to motion passing under something: τρέσε τεῖχος ὕπο Τρώων Il. 22.144. Cf. Il. 5.67, Il. 13.652, Il. 18.281: κρήνη ὑπʼ αὐλῆς οὐδὸν ἵησιν Od. 7.130. Cf. Od. 2.181. c In reference to position, stretching, extending, lying or being under, under, beneath, underneath: οἳ δʼ ἔχον Ἀρκαδίην ὑπὸ Κυλλήνης ὄρος Il. 2.603. Cf. Il. 2.824, Il. 3.371, Il. 5.267, Il. 19.259, Il. 22.307: μάλα πῖαρ ὑπʼ οὖδάς [ἐστιν] Od. 9.135. Cf. Od. 9.433, Od. 11.498, 619, Od. 15.349, Od. 22.362. d In reference to time, during, throughout the time of: πάνθʼ ὑπὸ μηνιθμόν Il. 16.202. In the course of: νύχθʼ ὑπὸ τήνδε Il. 22.102.