urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0012.tlg002.perseus-grc2:11.292 (line)

βουκόλος

tending kine, βουκόλοι ἄνδρες, ἀγροιῶται, Il. 13.571, Od. 11.292, al.; β. δοῦλος Pl. Ion 540c; ποιμὴν αἰπόλος . . καὶ β. Cratin. 281: also abs., Hdt. 1.110, PGoodsp.Cair. 30 ixI (ii A. D.), etc.; βέλει βουκόλου πτερόεντος, i.e. the gadfly, A. Supp. 557 (lyr.); β. ἵππων Ael. NA 12.44.

ἐξελαύνω

drive out, ἄντρου ἐξήλασε μῆλα Od. 9.312, cf. 227, 11.292: abs., drive afield, of a shepherd, 10.83.

καταπεδάω

fetter, hamper, κατὰ δʼ οὖν ἕτερόν γε πέδησε Il. 19.94; θεοῦ κατὰ μοῖρʼ ἐπέδησεν Od. 11.292 ( μοῖρα πέδησεν Aristarch.), cf. Mosch. 2.4 (tm.).

μοῖρα

B Μοῖρα, as pr. n., the goddess of fate, Hom. always (exc. Il. 24.49) in sg., Il. 24.209, al., cf. Orph. Fr. 33, etc.: three first in Hes. Th. 905, etc.; as the goddess of death, Il. 4.517, 18.119: generally of evil, 5.613; ἐγὼ δʼ οὐκ αἴτιός εἰμι ἀλλὰ Ζεὺς καὶ M. καὶ ἠεροφοῖτις Ἐρινύς 19.87: with epithets, M. κραταιή, ὀλοή, 5.629, 21.83; κακή 13.602; δυσώνυμος 12.116:—Trag. use sts. sg., A. Ag. 130, Ch. 910, etc.: sts. pl., Id. Pr. 516, 895, Ch. 306, etc.; of the Furies, Id. Eu. 172: later as objects of worship, SIG 1044.8 ( Halic., iv/iii B. C.).—In the phrases θεοῦ μ. Od. 11.292, μ. θεῶν 3.269, μοῖρα is Appellat., = destiny.

†ἐξελαύνω

†ἐξελαύνω [ἐξ- 1.] In pres. only in pple. in form ἐξελάων Od. 10.83. 3 sing. impf. ἐξήλαυνε Il. 10.499. Fut. infin. ἐξελάαν Il. 8.527: Od. 11.292. 3 sing. aor. ἐξήλασε Od. 9.312. ἐξέλασε Il. 5.324, Il. 11.360, Il. 13.401. 3 pl. ἐξήλασσαν Il. 11.562. 3 pl. subj. ἐξελάσωσι Od. 16.381. Opt. ἐξελάσαιμι Od. 18.29. 3 sing -ειε Il. 21.360. Pple. ἐξελάσας, -αντος Il. 5.25: Od. 9.227. Infin. ἐξελάσαι Il. 8.255, Il. 15.417: Od. 2.248. 1 To drive a flock or herd out to pasture Od. 10.83. To drive or scare (a domestic animal) off or away: [ὄνον] Il. 11.562. To drive or conduct (such animals) out of. With genit.: ἄντρου μῆλα Od. 9.312. 2 In reference to persons, to drive or chase away, expel Il. 8.527. To drive out of, expel from. With genit.: ἄστεος Il. 21.360. Cf. Od. 2.248. To drive out or banish from. With genit.: γαίης ἡμετέρης Od. 16.381. To drive or force from a position taken up Il. 15.417. 3 To drive off (cattle) as spoil Od. 11.292. To drive (animals) as spoil from. With genit.: ἐρίφους σηκῶν Od. 9.227. To drive off (captured horses) Il. 5.25. To drive off (such horses) from. With genit.: Τρώων Il. 5.324 = Il. 13.401. Cf. Il. 10.499. 4 Absol., to drive one's chariot off Il. 11.360. To drive one's chariot beyond the line of. With genit.: τάφρου Il. 8.255. 5 To knock out of. With genit.: ὀδόντας κε γναθμῶν ἐξελάσαιμι Od. 18.29.

†ἐξελαύνω

†ἐξελαύνω [ἐξ- 1.] In pres. only in pple. in form ἐξελάων Od. 10.83. 3 sing. impf. ἐξήλαυνε Il. 10.499. Fut. infin. ἐξελάαν Il. 8.527: Od. 11.292. 3 sing. aor. ἐξήλασε Od. 9.312. ἐξέλασε Il. 5.324, Il. 11.360, Il. 13.401. 3 pl. ἐξήλασσαν Il. 11.562. 3 pl. subj. ἐξελάσωσι Od. 16.381. Opt. ἐξελάσαιμι Od. 18.29. 3 sing -ειε Il. 21.360. Pple. ἐξελάσας, -αντος Il. 5.25: Od. 9.227. Infin. ἐξελάσαι Il. 8.255, Il. 15.417: Od. 2.248. 1 To drive a flock or herd out to pasture Od. 10.83. To drive or scare (a domestic animal) off or away: [ὄνον] Il. 11.562. To drive or conduct (such animals) out of. With genit.: ἄντρου μῆλα Od. 9.312. 2 In reference to persons, to drive or chase away, expel Il. 8.527. To drive out of, expel from. With genit.: ἄστεος Il. 21.360. Cf. Od. 2.248. To drive out or banish from. With genit.: γαίης ἡμετέρης Od. 16.381. To drive or force from a position taken up Il. 15.417. 3 To drive off (cattle) as spoil Od. 11.292. To drive (animals) as spoil from. With genit.: ἐρίφους σηκῶν Od. 9.227. To drive off (captured horses) Il. 5.25. To drive off (such horses) from. With genit.: Τρώων Il. 5.324 = Il. 13.401. Cf. Il. 10.499. 4 Absol., to drive one's chariot off Il. 11.360. To drive one's chariot beyond the line of. With genit.: τάφρου Il. 8.255. 5 To knock out of. With genit.: ὀδόντας κε γναθμῶν ἐξελάσαιμι Od. 18.29.

θεός

θεός -οῦ, ὁ, ἡ. Instrumental θεόφιν. With a word expressing likeness Il. 7.366, Il. 14.318, Il. 17.477: Od. 3.110, 409. This form as ablative Il. 17.101, Il. 23.347. 1 A divine being, a god Il. 1.28, Il. 2.318, Il. 3.230, Il. 5.177, Il. 8.200, Il. 14.168, Il. 16.531, Il. 19.3, Il. 22.10, Il. 24.460, etc.: Od. 1.323, Od. 2.5, Od. 4.236, Od. 8.177, Od. 12.88, Od. 17.475, Od. 19.396, Od. 21.258, Od. 24.445, etc. 2 A god as distinguished in terms from a goddess: εἰρωτᾷς με θεὰ θεόν Od. 5.97. Cf. Il. 10.50. From a mortal: ἠμὲν θεὸν ἠδὲ καὶ ἄνδρα Il. 5.128. Cf. Il. 19.417, Il. 22.9, Il. 24.259, etc.: Od. 4.397, 654, etc. 3 Without reference to any particular god, the divine power, heaven: θεός που σοὶ τό γʼ ἔδωκεν Il. 1.178. Cf. Il. 2.436, Il. 6.228, Il. 7.4, Il. 9.49, Il. 17.327, Il. 21.47, etc.: οὐκ ἄνευ θεοῦ Od. 2.372. Cf. Od. 3.131, Od. 8.170, Od. 9.158. Od. 11.292, Od. 17.399, Od. 18.265, etc. 4 A goddess Il. 1.516, Il. 3.381, Il. 4.58, Il. 5.331, 339, 839, Il. 6.380 = 385, Il. 8.7, Il. 18.394, Il. 24.223: Od. 1.420, Od. 2.297, 406 = Od. 3.30 = Od. 5.193 = Od. 7.38, Od. 4.831 (twice), Od. 5.194, 459, Od. 6.149, 150, Od. 7.41, 71, 246, 255, Od. 8.467 = Od. 15.181, Od. 10.136 = Od. 11.8 = Od. 12.150, Od. 10.297, Od. 12.449, Od. 13.189, Od. 20.47. 5 A goddess as distinguished in terms from a woman: ἢ θεὸς ἠὲ γυνή Od. 10.228, 255. 6 In pl., the gods: τίς θεῶν; Il. 1.8, θεοί μοι αἴτιοί εἰσιν Il. 3.164. Cf. Il. 1.18, Il. 2.321, Il. 4.1, Il. 6.138, Il. 7.360, Il. 9.485, Il. 12.8, etc.: Od. 1.17, Od. 2.66, Od. 4.379, Od. 5.335, Od. 7.132, Od. 11.276, Od. 12.394, etc. 7 In pl., the gods as distinguished in terms from the goddesses: πάντες τε θεοὶ πᾶσαί τε θέαιναι Il. 8.5 = Il. 19.101, Il. 8.20. Cf. Od. 8.341. From mortals: πρός τε θεῶν πρός τʼ ἀνθρώπων Il. 1.339. Cf. Il. 1.403, Il. 9.239, Il. 14.233, Il. 21.264, etc.: Od. 1.338, Od. 2.211, Od. 16.265, Od. 24.64, etc.

κατά

κατά (Commonly with anastrophe when immediately following the vb. or case-form). Also in assimilated forms κάγ, κάδ, κάκ, κάμ, κάπ, κάρ. I Adv. 1 Down, downwards: κατʼ ἄρʼ ἕζετο Il. 1.68, ὅς τε Τροίην κατὰ πᾶσαν ὁρᾶται (sees it from on high) Il. 24.291. Cf. Il. 1.413, Il. 2.549, Il. 11.676, Il. 13.653, Il. 16.619, Il. 23.700, etc.: κατὰ φρόνιν ἤγαγεν (from the city) Od. 4.258, κὰδ δʼ ἔβαλεν 344. Cf. Od. 8.67, Od. 10.567, Od. 11.426, 599, Od. 15.496, Od. 19.599, Od. 24.540, etc. In reference to getting into or putting on armour: αὖτις κατὰ τεύχεʼ ἔδυν Il. 4.222. 2 Down upon or over something: κὰδ δέ οἱ ὕδωρ χεῦαν Il. 14.435. Cf. Il. 8.50, Il. 20.282: κεφαλῇ κατὰ ῥάκος ἀμφικαλύψας Od. 14.349. Cf. Od. 7.286, Od. 11.433, etc. 3 Against or affecting a person: πείσεται ἅσσα οἱ αἶσα κατὰ κλῶθές τε γεινομένῳ νήσαντο λίνῳ Od. 7.197. 4 In intensive senses a In reference to fastening down, binding or securing: κατὰ πρυμνήσιʼ ἔδησαν Il. 1.436. Cf. Il. 19.94, etc.: θεοῦ κατὰ μοῖρα πέδησεν Od. 11.292. Cf. Od. 2.425, Od. 15.498, Od. 19.42, etc. Sim. in reference to drawing reins tight: κατὰ δʼ ἡνία τεῖνεν (τεῖναν) Il. 3.261, 311, Il. 19.394. Also κατὰ συφεοῖσιν ἐέργνυ Od. 10.238. b In reference to covering or spreading over something: κατὰ κνίσῃ ἐκάλυψαν (as we say, up) Il. 1.460. Cf. Il. 2.699, Il. 6.464, Il. 8.441, Il. 16.325, etc.: κατὰ κρᾶτα καλυψάμενος Od. 8.92. Cf. Od. 3.457, Od. 19.507, etc. So in a geographical expression in reference to containing or enfolding, about, round: βαθὺν κατὰ κόλπον ἐχούσας Il. 2.560. c To destruction or extinction: μὴ κατὰ χρόα σαπήῃ Il. 19.27, κατὰ δʼ ᾕρεε Πηλεΐωνα (was bent on his utter destruction) Il. 21.327. Cf. Il. 1.40, Il. 2.317, Il. 4.157, Il. 6.416, Il. 8.403, Il. 19.334, Il. 23.237, etc.: οἳ κατὰ βοῦς ἤσθιον Od. 1.8. Cf. Od. 2.376, Od. 3.307, 315, Od. 12.364, Od. 19.539, etc. d With λείπω: τὸν κατʼ αὐτόθι λεῖπεν Il. 21.201. Cf. Il. 2.160, Il. 10.273, Il. 17.91, 535, etc.: κατὰ δʼ ἄμμε λίπον ὄπισθεν Od. 10.209. Cf. Od. 18.257, Od. 21.90, etc. e In general intensive sense: τὸν κατʼ ὄσσε ἔλλαβε θάνατος Il. 5.82. Cf. Il. 23.623, etc.: κατὰ δʼ ἔσχεθε λαόν Od. 24.530. Cf. Od. 1.192, Od. 9.372, 459, Od. 10.113, Od. 11.151, 497, Od. 17.323, Od. 20.109, etc. II Prep. 1 With genit. a Down from: κατʼ Οὐλύμποιο Il. 1.44. Cf. Il. 5.111, Il. 6.128, Il. 9.15, Il. 11.811, Il. 13.772, etc.: κατὰ παρειῶν Od. 4.223. Cf. Od. 1.102, Od. 4.680, Od. 5.313, Od. 8.508, Od. 18.355, etc. With ablative Il. 4.452, etc. In reference to a point from which action takes place: κατʼ ἀκροτάτης πόλιος κελεύων Il. 20.52. b Down upon: πνείοντε κατʼ ὤμων Il. 13.385. Cf. Il. 3.217, Il. 5.659, Il. 18.24, Il. 23.765, etc.: κατὰ κρατός Od. 10.362. Cf. Od. 8.85, etc. Down into: κατὰ χθονὸς ᾤχετο Il. 23.100. Cf. Il. 21.172. Down through: ἀμβροσίην στάξε κατὰ ῥινῶν Il. 19.39. c In reference to extent down or in from an opening: μέσση κατὰ σπείους δέδυκεν Od. 12.93. Cf. Od. 9.330. 2 With acc. a Down through or along: αἵμα κατὰ ῥῖνας πρῆσεν Il. 16.349. Cf. Il. 12.33, etc.: ὁδὸν κάτα (down the track) Od. 17.204. Cf. Od. 5.461, Od. 18.97. So in reference to a wound: ἔρρει αἷμα κατʼ ὠτειλήν Il. 17.86. Sim.: ψυχὴ κατʼ ὠτειλὴν ἔσσυτο Il. 14.518. In reference to motion downwards and inwards: μυῖαι καδδῦσαι κατʼ ὠτειλάς Il. 19.25. Cf. Il. 19.209. Without notion of actual downward movement, through, along: λαοφόρον καθʼ ὁδόν Il. 15.682. Cf. Il. 12.469, etc.: κατʼ ἠερόεντα κέλευθα Od. 20.64. Cf. Od. 14.254, etc.– καθʼ ὁδόν (by the way) Od. 8.444. b Down into: ἁλὸς κατὰ κῦμα Il. 6.136. Cf. Od. 4.510. So of going into a place: κατὰ σταθμοὺς δύεται Il. 5.140. Cf. Il. 21.559. Sim.: καθʼ ὅμιλον ἔδυ Il. 3.36. c Through, throughout, among, over, in, on: κατὰ στρατὸν Ἀχαιῶν Il. 1.229, ἔβη κατὰ νῆας Il. 2.47. Cf. Il. 2.345, 470, Il. 3.151, Il. 5.162, Il. 6.201, etc.: Ἰθάκην κάτα Od. 1.247. Cf. Od. 1.116, Od. 2.383, Od. 3.302, Od. 5.52, Od. 9.6, Od. 10.122, Od. 19.233, etc. In reference to the sight: πάπτηνε κατὰ στίχας Il. 17.84. Cf. Il. 16.646: Od. 22.381. To piercing, through: κατὰ κύστιν ἤλυθʼ ἀκωκή Il. 5.67. Cf. Il. 13.652. To position in or within (a space): κατʼ ἀντίθυρον Od. 16.159. d In reference to motion over something: ἔθεεν κατὰ κῦμα Il. 1.483. Cf. Il. 4.276, Il. 13.737, Il. 19.93, Il. 23.230, etc.: οἵη Ἄρτεμις εἶσι κατʼ οὔρεα Od. 6.102. Cf. Od. 2.429, Od. 5.377, etc. e In the region of, about, by: κατὰ βωμούς Od. 2.305. Cf. Il. 1.409, Il. 12.340. Sim.: [ξυστὰ] κατὰ στόμα εἱμένα χαλκῷ (at the point) Il. 15.389. Also: [ἑανὸν] κατὰ στῆθος περονᾶτο (on her...) Il. 14.180. In reference to arriving at a spot: ὅτε κατὰ νῆας ἶξεν Il. 11.806. Cf. Il. 13.329: Od. 24.13. Over against, opposite: ὅτε κατʼ αὐτοὺς σταίησαν Il. 17.732. Sim.: κατʼ ἐνῶπα ἰδὼν Δαναῶν (in the face of the...) Il. 15.320. Cf. Il. 17.167. In nautical sense, abreast of, off: ἐπεί ῥʼ ἵκοντο κατὰ στρατόν Il. 1.484. Cf. Od. 5.441. In reference to wounding or striking, in the region of, in: κατὰ δεξιὸν ὦμον Il. 5.46. Cf. Il. 5.66, 73, 305, 579, Il. 6.64, Il. 8.83, etc.: πρυμνότατον κατὰ νῶτον Od. 17.463. Cf. Od. 10.161, Od. 19.452, Od. 22.15, etc. Sim. in reference to a shield, etc., struck, on: κατʼ ἀσπίδα νύξεν Il. 23.818. Cf. Il. 3.347, Il. 5.537, Il. 11.351, Il. 16.106, etc. f Of position, on, upon: κατὰ βοὸς κέρας ἐμβεβαυῖα Il. 24.81. Cf. Il. 22.133: ἕζοντο κατὰ κλισμούς Od. 1.145. Cf. Od. 10.233, Od. 17.86, etc.– g In reference to the mind, etc., in: χωόμενον κατὰ θυμόν Il. 1.429. Cf. Il. 1.193, 555, Il. 2.3, Il. 5.406, etc.: θάμβησεν κατὰ θυμόν Od. 1.323. Cf. Od. 1.4, 29, 294, etc.– h According to, in accordance or consonance with: ἄρσαντες κατὰ θυμόν Il. 1.136. Cf. Il. 1.286, Il. 2.214, Il. 3.59, Il. 9.108, Il. 11.336, etc.: κατὰ μοῖραν Od. 2.251. Cf. Od. 3.138, etc. Sim.: κατʼ ἄντηστιν Od. 20.387. i In the matter of, with a view to, for, with, on: κατὰ δαῖτα Il. 1.424. Cf. Il. 15.447: κατὰ πρῆξιν Od. 3.72. Cf. Od. 3.106, Od. 11.479, etc.– j Distributively, by: κατὰ φῦλα, κατὰ φρήτρας Il. 2.362: κατʼ οἴκους Od. 1.375=Od. 2.140. So ἐρήτυθεν καθʼ ἕδρας (in their several seats) Il. 2.99 , 211.– k In reference to being in a specified formation: ἵζοντο κατὰ στίχας Il. 3.326 .– l With personal pronouns, by (oneself): μαχόμην κατʼ ἔμʼ αὐτόν Il. 1.271. Cf. Il. 2.366.

μοῖρα

μοῖρα -ης, ἡ. 1 (Due) measure. κατὰ μοῖραν, duly, fitly, properly, in the proper way, in seemly wise : ἔειπες Il. 1.286. Cf. Il. 9.59, Il. 15.206, Il. 16.367, Il. 19.256, etc. : πάντα κατὰ μοῖραν Od. 3.457. Cf. Od. 2.251, Od. 3.331, Od. 8.496, Od. 15.170, Od. 17.580, etc. So ἐν μοίρῃ : πέφαται (has met his deserts) Od. 22.54. Cf. Il. 19.186.– παρὰ μοῖραν, unduly, in unseemly wiseOd. 14.509. 2 A part, portion, division : παροίχωκεν πλέων νὺξ τῶν δύο μοιράων (more of it than two (of the three) watches), τριτάτη δʼ ἔτι μοῖρα λέλειπται (see under λείπω (3)) Il. 10.253. Cf. Od. 4.97. 3 A share or portion allotted or available : ἴση μοῖρα μένοντι (the same share of the spoil) Il. 9.318. Cf. Il. 15.195, Il. 16.68 : σπλάγχνων μοίρας Od. 3.40, Od. 20.260. Cf. Od. 3.66= Od. 20.280, Od. 8.470, Od. 11.534, Od. 14.448, Od. 15.140, Od. 17.258, 335, Od. 19.423, Od. 20.281, 293. 4 One's portion or lot in life, one's fate or destiny, what is allotted by fate : οὔ πώ τοι μ. [ἐστι] θανεῖν Il. 7.52. Cf. Il. 15.117, Il. 16.434, Il. 17.421, Il. 18.120, Il. 23.80 : Od. 4.475, Od. 5.41, 114, 345, Od. 9.532. Sim. : ἐφʼ ἑκάστῳ μοῖραν ἔθηκαν ἀθάνατοι (its place or use) Od. 19.592, οὐδʼ αἰδοῦς μοῖραν ἔχουσιν (have no room in their hearts for it) Od. 20.171. 5 Good fortune : μοῖράν τʼ ἀμμορίην τε Od. 20.76. 6 Fate that comes upon or overtakes one, evil fate, death, doom : μ. μιν ἀμφεκάλυψεν Il. 12.116. Cf. Il. 4.517, Il. 5.83, Il. 6.488, Il. 13.602, Il. 16.849, Il. 17.478, Il. 21.83, Il. 22.303, etc. : μ. θανάτοιο (fate consisting in death, i.e. death) Od. 2.100. Cf. Od. 11.292, Od. 21.24, Od. 22.413, Od. 24.29, etc. 7 Fate or destiny as decreed by the gods : μ. θεῶν Od. 3.269. So μ. alone, the decrees of fate (cf. αἶσα 6, μόρος 3) : ὑπὲρ μοῖραν Il. 20.336. 8 Fate personified Il. 19.87, 410, Il. 24.209. In pl., the Fates Il. 24.49.

πεδάω

πεδάω [πέδαι.] 3 sing. πεδάᾳ Od. 4.380, 469. 3 pl. pa. iterative πεδάασκον Od. 23.353. To put in bonds : θεοῦ κατὰ μοῖρα πέδησε, δεσμοί τε βουκόλοι τε Od. 11.292. Hence, to hold, shackle, trammel, to hold back, keep back, detain, stop : διώρεα μοῖρα πέδησε (i.e. prevented his escape) Il. 4.517, πέδησε γυῖα (took from him the power of movement) Il. 13.435, καθʼ ἕτερόν γʼ [Ἄτη] πέδησεν (gets in her grip) Il. 19.94, μὴ ἑκὼν τὸ ἐμὸν δόλῳ ἅρμα πεδῆσαι (got in the way of it) Il. 23.585. Cf. Od. 4.380 = 469, Od. 11.292, Od. 13.168, Od. 23.17, 353. To constrain to do something. With infin. : Ἕκτορʼ αὐτοῦ μεῖναι μοῖρα πέδησεν Il. 22.5. Of one fate-bound to death or ruin : ὅτε μιν μοῖρʼ ἐπέδησε δαμῆναι Od. 3.269. Cf. Od. 18.155.

πεδάω

πεδάω [πέδαι.] 3 sing. πεδάᾳ Od. 4.380, 469. 3 pl. pa. iterative πεδάασκον Od. 23.353. To put in bonds : θεοῦ κατὰ μοῖρα πέδησε, δεσμοί τε βουκόλοι τε Od. 11.292. Hence, to hold, shackle, trammel, to hold back, keep back, detain, stop : διώρεα μοῖρα πέδησε (i.e. prevented his escape) Il. 4.517, πέδησε γυῖα (took from him the power of movement) Il. 13.435, καθʼ ἕτερόν γʼ [Ἄτη] πέδησεν (gets in her grip) Il. 19.94, μὴ ἑκὼν τὸ ἐμὸν δόλῳ ἅρμα πεδῆσαι (got in the way of it) Il. 23.585. Cf. Od. 4.380 = 469, Od. 11.292, Od. 13.168, Od. 23.17, 353. To constrain to do something. With infin. : Ἕκτορʼ αὐτοῦ μεῖναι μοῖρα πέδησεν Il. 22.5. Of one fate-bound to death or ruin : ὅτε μιν μοῖρʼ ἐπέδησε δαμῆναι Od. 3.269. Cf. Od. 18.155.

χαλεπός

χαλεπός -ή, -όν. 1 Grievous, burdensome, heavy, sore, painful: μῆνις Il. 5.178, γῆρας Il. 8.103, Il. 23.623. Cf. Il. 5.384, 391, Il. 13.624: πένθος Od. 6.169, φῆμιν (evil, ill) Od. 24.201. Cf. Od. 2.193, Od. 10.464, Od. 11.292, 622, Od. 21.377, etc. In comp.: τοῦδέ μοι χαλεπώτερον εἶναι ἄεθλον Od. 11.624. Absol. in neut. pl., evil, mischief: χαλεπὰ ὁρμαίνοντες ἀλλήλοις Od. 3.151. 2 Dangerous: χαλεποὶ θεοὶ [γίγνονται] φαίνεσθαι ἐναργεῖς (in respect of appearing, i.e. when they appear) Il. 20.131. 3 Difficult, hard: λιμέσιν (hard to attain or reach) Od. 19.189. In neut. χαλεπόν with or without copula, it is difficult or hard. With infin.: χ. σε πάντων ἀνθρώπων σβέσσαι μένος Il. 16.620. Cf. Il. 21.184: χ. κεν ἀνήνασθαι δόσιν εἴη Od. 4.651. Cf. Od. 11.156, Od. 13.141, Od. 20.313, Od. 23.81. Without infin. Il. 19.80: Od. 23.184. In personal construction. With infin.: χαλεπή τοι ἐγὼ μένος ἀντιφέρεσθαι (hard to set yourself against) Il. 21.482. Cf. Od. 10.305. Without infin.: χαλεποί τοι ἔσονται [μῦθοι] (you will find it hard to know them) Il. 1.546. 4 Oppressing the spirit, terrifying, daunting: κεραυνός Il. 14.417. 5 Of persons, violent, despiteful, malignant, hard: ἄνδρες Od. 1.198. Cf. Od. 2.232=Od. 5.10, Od. 8.575, Od. 17.388, 564, Od. 19.201. 6 Of discourse, stern, harsh, severe, hard: μύθῳ Il. 2.245, Il. 17.141, ὀνείδεσιν Il. 17.438, ἐπέεσσιν Il. 23.489, 492: Od. 3.148, μύθοισιν Od. 2.83, Od. 17.395, δήμου φῆμις Od. 14.239, ἀνάκτων ὁμοκλαί Od. 17.189, μῦθον (hard to sit down under) Od. 20.271. 7 Of winds, blustering, roaring, raging: θύελλαν Il. 21.335: ἄνεμοι Od. 12.286.