To prevent forgery, a method was then first invented, of having writings bored,
					run through three times with a thread, and then sealed. It was likewise provided
					that in wills, the two first pages, with only the testator's name upon them,
					should be presented blank to those who were to sign them as witnesses; and that
					no one who wrote a will for another, should insert any legacy for himself. It
					was likewise ordained that clients should pay their advocates a certain
					reasonable fee, but \, nothing for the court, which was to be gratuitous, the
					charges for it being paid out of the public treasury; that causes, the
					cognizance of which before belonged to the judges of the exchequer, should be
					transferred to the forum, aid the ordinary tribunals; and that all appeals from
					the judges should be made to the senate. He never entertained the least ambition or hope of augmenting and extending the
					frontiers of the empire. On the contrary, he had thoughts of withdrawing the
					troops from Britain , and was only
					restrained from so doing by the fear of appearing to detract from the glory of
					his father. Claudius had received the submission of some of
						the British tribes. See c. xvii. of his Life. In the reign of Nero, his
						general, Suetonius Paulinus, attacked Mona or Anglesey ,
						the chief seat of the Druids, and extirpated them with great cruelty. The
						successes of Boadicea, queen of the Iceni, who inhabited Derbyshire , were probably the cause of
						Nero's wishing to withdraw the legions; she having reduced London , Colchester , and Verulam, and put to death seventy thousand
						of the Romans and their British allies. She was, however, at length defeated
						by Suetonius Paulinus, who was recalled for his severities. See Tacit.
						Agric. xv. I, xvi. ; and Annal. xiv. 29. All that he did was to
					reduce the kingdom of Pontus , which was
					ceded to him by Polemon, and also the Alps , The dominions of Cottius embraced
						the valleys in the chain of the Alps , extending between Piedmont and Dauphiny, called by the Romans the Cottian
						Alps. See TIBERIUS, c. xxxvii. upon the death of Cottius, into the
					form of a province. Twice only he undertook any foreign expeditions, one to Alexandria , and the other to Achaia ; but he abandoned the prosecution of
					the former on the very day fixed for his departure, by being deterred both by
					ill omens, and the hazard of the voyage. For while he was making the circuit of
					the temples, having seated himself in that of Vesta, when he attempted to rise,
					the skirt of his robe stuck fast; and he was instantly seized with such a
					dimness in his eyes, that he could not see a yard before him. In Achaia , he attempted to make a cut through the
						Isthmus; It was a favourite project of the Caesars to
						make a navigable canal through the Isthmus of Corinth , to avoid the circumnavigation
						of the southern extremity of the Morea , now Cape Matapan, which, even in our days, has its
						perils. See JULIUS Caesar, C. xliv. and CALIGULA, C. xxi. and,
					having made a speech encouraging his pretorians to set about the work, on a
					signal given by sound of trumpet, he first broke ground with a spade, and
					carried off a basket full of earth upon his shoulders. He made preparations for
					an expedition to the Pass of the Caspian mountains; Caspiae
						Porta; so called from the difficulties opposed by the narrow and rocky
						defile to the passage of the Caucasus from the country washed by the Euxine, now called
							 Georgia , to that lying between
						the Caspian and the sea of Azof. It commences a few miles north of Teflis,
						and is frequently the scene of contests between the Russians and Circassian
						tribes. forming a new legion out of his late levies in Italy , of men all six feet high, which he
					called the phalanx of Alexander the Great. These transactions, in part
					unexceptionable, and in part highly commendable, I have brought into one view,
					in order to separate them from the scandalous and criminal part of his conduct,
					of which I shall now give an account.