Evidence. Agreement. You have heard the witnesses, gentlemen. What I am now
 going to say will give you good reason for indignation and hatred of this man Leocrates.
 For he was not content simply to remove his own person and his goods. There were the
 sacred images of his family which his forbears established and which, in keeping with your
 customs and ancestral tradition, they afterwards entrusted to him. These too he had sent
 to Megara . He took them out of the country
 without a qualm at the name ancestral images or at the thought that he had uprooted them
 from their country and expected them to share his exile, to leave the temples and the land
 which they had occupied and be established in a strange and uncongenial place, as aliens
 to the soil and to the rites traditionally observed in Megara . Your fathers, honoring In order to give what must be the
 general sense of this corrupt passage I have translated Taylor’s suggested addition of
 τιμῶντες before τὴν Ἀθηνᾶν and ignored the words ὁμώνυμον . But the Greek text cannot be restored with certainty. 
 Athena as the deity to whom their land had been allotted, called their native city
 Athens , so that men who revered the goddess
 should not desert the city which bore her name. By disregarding custom, country, and
 sacred images Leocrates did all in his power to cause even your divine protection to be
 exported. Moreover, to have wronged the city on this enormous scale was not enough for
 him. Living at Megara and using as capital the
 money which he had withdrawn from Athens he
 shipped corn, bought from Cleopatra, Cleopatra, the
 sister of Alexander the Great, was married to Alexander of Epirus in 336 and must now have been acting as regent for her husband
 while he was at war in Italy . from
 Epirus to Leucas and from there to Corinth . And yet, gentlemen, in cases of this sort your laws lay down the most severe penalties if
 an Athenian transports corn to any place other than your city. When therefore a man has
 been a traitor in war and has broken the laws in transporting corn, when he has had no
 regard for sacred things and none for his country or the laws, if you have him at the
 mercy of your vote, will you not execute him and make an example of him to others? If you
 do not it will show an apathy and lack of righteous indignation completely without
 parallel. Consider these further proofs that my inquiry into this
 question has been just; for it is my opinion that in dealing with such serious crimes you
 must base your vote, not on conjecture, but on certainty; and that witnesses must prove
 their good faith before, not after, they give their evidence. I submitted to the defence a
 written challenge on all these points and demanded the slaves of Leocrates for torture,
 according to the right procedure for making challenges. Please read the challenge.
 Challenge You hear the challenge, gentlemen. By the very act of
 refusing to accept this Leocrates condemned himself as a traitor to his country. For
 whoever refuses to allow the testing of those who share his secrets has confessed that the
 charges of the indictment are true. Every one of you knows that in matters of dispute it
 is considered by far the justest and most democratic course, when there are male or female
 slaves, who possess the necessary information, to examine these by torture and so have
 facts to go upon instead of hearsay, particularly when the case concerns the public and is
 of vital interest to the state. The right of torturing
 slave witnesses does not seem often to have been exercised, and it is doubtful whether
 evidence obtained in this way was really very highly rated. No man was bound to submit
 his slaves for examination, and accusers often demanded them in such a way as to ensure
 a refusal which gave them an additional argument against the defendant. To strengthen
 their position they naturally tried, as Lycurgus does here, to impress the jury with the
 value of such evidence (cf. Isaeus 8.12 etc.): but Antiphon
 must be nearer the mark when he points out that a man on the rack would say anything to
 gratify his torturers ( Antiph. 5.32 ).