Also, accusers, speaking first, do not confine themselves to putting the just arguments which support their case, but trump up baseless slanders about the accused and so deprive them of the means of defence. The latter are thus affected in one of two ways. Either they defend themselves against the extraneous charges and fall short in the relevant parts of their defence, or else they forget the accusations which have just been made, and so leave the jury with the impression that these are true.

In addition to this the accusers create a prejudice against the advocates for the defence and distort the case of the accused himself; which is what Ariston here attempted to do, when speaking for the prosecution, since he does not even allow me to benefit from those who come forward to help me intending to share in my defence. What reason is there why they should not? Is it not right that men on trial should be supported by their relatives and friends? Or is there any custom in the city more democraticCompare Hyp. 4.11. than that which permits citizens capable of public-speaking to assist those who are incapable when they are in trouble?

But you, Ariston, have not merely discussed my advocates; you even determine my own arguments and tell the jury what they must listen to, what line of defence they must prescribe for me, and what they must not tolerate. Surely it is most unfair that after conducting the prosecution as you wanted you should rob me of my defence, because you know already the honest answers I can offer to your lies.

And you accuse me in the impeachment of undermining the democracy by breaking the laws; but you override every law yourself, by presenting an impeachment in a case where the laws require a public charge before the Thesmothetae.A list of offences for which impeachments were appropriate is given in Hyp. 4.8. The Thesmothetae were concerned mainly with crimes directed against the state, but they also dealt with cases of assault and adultery (ὕβρις and μοιχεία). See Hyp. 4.6 and Aristot. Ath. Pol. 59. Your object was to run no risk in bringing in the action and also to have the opportunity of writing tragic phrasesFor this use of the noun τραγῳδία compare Hyp. 4.26. The verb τραγῳδέω is used with a similar sense by Demosthenes (e.g. Dem. 18. 13). in the impeachment, such as you have written now, protesting that I am making many women grow old unmarried in their homes and many live illegally with men unsuited for them.

The fact is that you can instance no other woman in the city whom I have wronged in this way, and as for the subject of your present charge, what view did you take of her? Was she right to live with Charippus, an Athenian citizen who was her husband; or was she growing old unmarried in her home,This passage is not very clearly expressed in the Greek. Lycophron is answering the charge that he causes women (a) to grow old unmarried; (b) to live with the wrong men. Taking these points in the reverse order he retorts by asking whether in the present case the woman is (b) doing wrong by living with her legal husband or (a) growing old unmarried. In view of the words οὐπροσήκει in § l2 above, a negative before προδήκειν would make the sense of what follows much clearer. Kirchhoff’s suggested emendation is therefore rather tempting. she who was married at once, as soon as Euphemus supplied a talent of silver as a dowry, obviously with no ulterior motive but simply out of kindness?Probably Ariston had alleged that Euphemus was acting in collusion with Lycophron, but we have no details.